上海市私人小客车家庭拥有率预测模型研究

私人小客车家庭拥有率是出行生成模型的重要输入数据,其准确性直接影响着出行生成模型。鉴于此,在分析国内外私人小客车拥有的基础上,从影响私人小客车家庭拥有率的主要因素入手,利用非线性回归的方法提出私人小客车家庭拥有率预测模型,并通过上海市的实例数据给出模型的验证效果。     

基于Hessian特征的视网膜血管图像的增强滤波算法

提出了一种基于Hessian特征的视网膜血管图像的增强滤波算法,分析了Hessian特征值对各类形状的抑制和加强作用,将Hessian矩阵的特征值与特征向量应用于视网膜血管特征的响应函数及形态学和非线性扩散处理的各个环节,并选择合理的尺度空间范围和尺度空间增量,调节因子而平滑非线状区域和锐化增强血管区域,本文算法在同等准确率下具有较高的稳定鲁棒性。     

Accommodating risk in the valuation of expected travel time savings

Valuation of travel time savings is a critical measure in transport infrastructure appraisal, traffic modelling and network performance. It has been recognised for some time that the travel times associated with repeated trips are subject to variation, and hence there is risk embedded in the treatment of expected travel time. In the context of the expected utility framework, we use a nonlinear probability weighting function to accommodate choice made under risk. Although the empirical findings suggest small differences between the value of expected travel time savings (VETTS) in the presence and absence of risk, the mean estimate does make a noticeable difference to time benefits when applied to real projects. By incorporating nonlinear probability weighting, our model reveals that the probabilities associated with specific travel times that are shown to respondents in the choice experiment are transformed, resulting in overweighting of outcomes with low probabilities and underweighting of outcomes with high probabilities. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

区间非线性模糊法的沥青路面预养护决策

预防性养护方案选择属于多目标、多因素、多层次的复杂决策问题。在全面分析经济、技术、环境因素的基础上,综合运用专家打分法、区间层次分析法、模糊数学理论,建立了沥青路面预养护方案决策的区间非线性模糊决策方法。首先建立预养护非线性模糊决策模型,通过专家打分法确定评价指标属性值,根据区间判断矩阵得出各评价指标和影响因素的区间数权向量;对各指标进行层次非线性模糊分析,得出各预养护措施的隶属度,进而排序。以上海某公路为例,运用该方法对各预养护方案进行优选,结果表明该方法合理可行,为预防性养护方案决策提供了一种有效可行的方法。     

大缆材料对旁靠外输系统的动力响应影响分析(英文)

In order to provide a theoretical guide for choosing the material for the hawsers for the FPSO side-by-side offloading system, which is moored by the yoke system, the 3D potential flow theory and full coupled time-domain analysis are presented to study the dynamic response of the offloading system. The Ming Zhu FPSO offloading system in the field BZ25-1 is simulated here; and four different characteristic fiber ropes are used as the material for the hawsers. To acquire an accurate hawser line tension, the polynomial fitting method is used to calculate the nonlinear stiffness of the hawsers. By comparing the hawser lines' tension and the relative motion between the FPSO and the shuttle tanker, a suitable material for the hawser lines is chosen and discussed in this paper. The results indicate that the nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the fiber rope has a small effect on the relative motion of the vessels, but the hawser lines' tension is greatly influenced by the different characteristics of the fiber ropes. The hawser lines' tension with nonlinear stiffness is in accordance with the one with the upper and lower bound linear stiffness, which proves this method of fitting the fiber ropes' nonlinear stiffness is reasonable and reliable.     

深水波列传播的不稳定性分析

深水波列传播是多影响因素共同作用的物理过程,寻求合理的参数来表征深水波列传播过程中各因素的影响,对了解深水波列传播特征有重要意义。文章基于BMNLS方程的不稳定性分析,得到一关于波陡、频带宽度和频率的特征参数Ui,并指出在深水波列传播过程中,当Ui1时波列是稳定的,在Ui1时波列为不稳定的,并随Ui的增大,不稳定性及非线性作用不断增强。同时针对边带扰动波列的传播,指出此参数可有效地表示深水波列传播特征。     

一种基于试验数据的动态辨识建模方法及应用

针对大量的水下航行器使用试验数据,构建复杂非线性系统或是高维对象模型问题,提出一种动态辨识建模方法.首先对非线性离散对象建模问题进行了描述;然后提出一种搜索、聚类、模式分类和线性辨识技术相结合的模型辨识方法;最后通过一个仿真建模实例说明了该方法的有效性.     

随机齿侧间隙的齿轮系统非线性动力学分析

建立了随机齿侧间隙的单自由度齿轮系统的非线性动力学模型,利用变步长Runge-Kutta法对系统在确定齿侧间隙和随机齿侧间隙两种情况下的运动微分方程分别进行了数值求解,结合系统随量纲-间隙平均值变化的分岔图、相图及Poincaré映射图,分析了系统在确定齿侧间隙和随机齿侧间隙两种情况下的动力学特性,在此基础上研究了随机干扰对齿轮系统的动力学影响,发现随机干扰对系统的周期运动影响较大,对系统的倍化分岔过程影响显著,而对系统的混沌运动影响较小.     

基于联合型模糊PID的非线性空气悬架建模与控制

为提高汽车空气悬架的行驶平顺性,针对空气弹簧的非线性特性,建立空气弹簧关于气囊压力、有效面积、垂向变形等因素有关的弹力模型.利用所建立的空气弹簧弹力模型建立单轮1/4车辆动力学模型.以车身加速度最小为控制目标,设计并建立非线性空气悬架的联合型模糊PID控制器.运用MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件,以气囊压力变化所产生的力作为控制输出量,进行计算机动态仿真.仿真结果表明：与被动空气悬架相比,针对非线性空气悬架所设计的联合型模糊PID控制器对车辆平顺性与道路友好性有显著的改善.     

考虑损耗时拉曼放大泵浦光的偏振效应

利用高非线性和较大吸收损耗的光子晶体光纤制作光纤拉曼放大器,是当前的一种趋势,这导致泵浦光非线性旋转效应明显增强．本文在考虑吸收损耗条件下,研究了泵浦光的非线性旋转问题,首次得出了连续光条件下的解析解．结果表明,输入线偏振光与圆偏振光都不会产生非线性旋转,只有椭圆偏振光才有非线性旋转．旋转是绕着邦加球的纬线进行,s3保持不变．随着吸收损耗的增加,有效长度变小,相对的旋转速度变慢．这表明,如果光纤对于泵浦光的吸收越强,越有利于拉曼放大．