全垫升气垫船内部流场的数值模拟与改进

应用计算流体力学(CFD)方法对全垫升气垫船气囊内部的气动特性进行数值模拟计算,获得了气囊内的三维流场分布.其中的关键问题是气囊的排气孔壁面的处理,文中采用了多孔介质模型进行近似,针对气囊前后端压力不平衡的问题,分别采用在进气道内设置导流叶片和在气囊通道中设置隔断两种方法使压力趋于平衡,并通过数值试验找出其最佳位置.此外,文章还对实船相似设计的合理性进行了讨论.     

磁器口车站中洞法施工的非线性二维数值模拟

研究目的：为了预测北京地铁五号线磁器口车站中洞法施工引起的地表沉降，评价各部开挖过程的土体稳定性，在开工前需对施工过程进行数值模拟。 研究方法：运用大型通用有限元软件（ANSYS）模拟计算磁器口车站中洞开挖过程，采用合理的计算参数和“生死”单元法对其进行非线性数值模拟分析，给出中洞开挖引起的地表沉降计算结果；对分析显示的土体薄弱部分进行及时加固，确保开挖过程中土体处于稳定状态。 研究结果：通过对监测结果与数值分析结果的比较，证明了计算模型和参数选取的合理性以及计算结果的正确合理性。 研究结论：理论计算地表沉降曲线与施工实测曲线趋势和数值基本一致；数值模拟结果用于定性分析土体稳定性非常有用，要做到定量分析难度很大；数值模拟时必须对关键参数（如变形模量等）及其敏感性加以讨论和分析。     

波流共同作用下大直径圆柱三维绕流数值模拟

通过应用有限体积法对在波流共同作用下大直径圆柱绕流现象进行三维数值模拟,对圆柱体局部复杂流动进行了三维湍流计算分析,给出了三维流场、圆柱体表面及其所在局部底床床面应力分布,并在此基础上对圆柱体所在底床的局部冲刷进行了初步分析。     

列车空调机组动态新风量分析

列车运行时空调机组新风量与列车静止时不同。通过CFD数值模拟的方法分析了列车空调新风口的压力场和列车运行速度的关系，并进一步研究了其新风量的变化。     

用一个模型分析焊轨列车应用的条件

通过对秦皇岛 -沈阳客运专线 B2 7标段情况的分析得出铺轨基地存轨场地的面积是制约焊轨列车应用的一个重要因素。以预存长钢轨的数量为主要参数 ,利用焊轨列车在两个基地间工作的时间约束关系 ,建立起相应的模型 ,通过对其中其它参数的分析 ,得出应用焊轨列车所适宜的条件。在此基础上结合一次铺设跨区间无缝线路的工艺分析了焊轨工序与铺轨、大型机械养路工序的关系 ,提出了设备配套的建议和施工中应注意的一些问题。本文对设备选型、施工组织的编制及新工艺的采用有一定借鉴意义。     

Using a random displacement model to simulate turbulent particle motion in a baroclinic frontal zone: A new implementation scheme and model performance tests

Numerical artifacts can limit accurate simulation of turbulent particle motion when Lagrangian particle-tracking models are implemented in hydrodynamic models with stratified conditions like fronts. Yet, modeling of individual particle motion in frontal regions is critical for understanding sediment dynamics as well as the transport and retention of planktonic organisms. The objective of this research was to develop a numerical technique to accurately simulate turbulent particle motions in a particle-tracking model embedded within a hydrodynamic model of a frontal zone. A new interpolation scheme, the ‘water column profile’ scheme, was developed and used to implement a random displacement model for turbulent particle motions. A new interpolation scheme was necessary because linear interpolation schemes caused artificial aggregation of particles where abrupt changes in vertical diffusivity occurred. The new ‘water column profile’ scheme was used to fit a continuous function (a tension spline) to a smoothed profile of vertical diffusivities at the x–y particle location. The new implementation scheme was checked for artifacts and compared with a standard random walk model using (1) Well Mixed Condition tests, and (2) dye-release experiments. The Well Mixed Condition tests confirmed that the use of the ‘water column profile’ interpolation scheme for implementing the random displacement model significantly reduced numerical artifacts. In dye-release experiments, high concentrations of Eulerian tracer and Lagrangian particles were released at the same location up-estuary of the salt front and tracked for 4 days. After small differences in initial dispersal rates, tracer and particle distributions remained highly correlated (r = 0.84 to 0.99) when a random displacement model was implemented in the particle-tracking model. In contrast, correlation coefficients were substantially lower (r = 0.07 to 0.58) when a random walk model was implemented. In general, model performance tests indicated that the ‘water column interpolation’ scheme was an effective technique for implementing a random displacement model within a hydrodynamic model, and both could be used to accurately simulate diffusion in a highly baroclinic frontal region. The new implementation scheme has the potential to be a useful tool for investigating the influence of hydrodynamic variability on the transport of sediment particles and planktonic organisms in frontal zones.     

船体分段装配的三维建模与动画设计实例介绍

船体分段构件装配过程的三维动画演示的目的是要从各个方位展示出该分段的结构特点,要求完成各构件的建模及大小分段的组装等一系列动画过程。动画过程中,构件的种类较为繁杂,该文只对典型的动画制作过程作系统介绍。     

格林函数在船舶磁场计算中的应用

文章首先通过引入半空间区域的格林函数,推导出船舶空间磁场分布的理论计算公式;然后,应用离散方法将双重积分转化为双重求和,得出了可用于船舶空间磁场工程计算的实际公式,具有实用价值。