Estimation of trailer off-tracking using visual odometry

High-capacity vehicles have been shown to be highly effective in reducing emissions associated with road freight transport. However, the reduced manoeuvrability of long vehicles often necessitates the use of active trailer steering. Path-following trailer steering systems are very effective in this regard, but are currently limited to on-highway applications due to the manner in which trailer off-tracking is estimated. In this work, a novel trailer off-tracking measurement concept is introduced which is independent of wheel slip and ground surface conditions, and requires no additional sensor measurements or parameter data from the tractor. The concept utilises a stereo camera pair affixed to the trailer and a visual odometry-based algorithm to calculate off-tracking. The concept was evaluated in detailed simulation and full-scale vehicle tests, demonstrating its feasibility and highlighting some important characteristics. RMS measurement errors of 0.11–0.12?m (3.3–3.6%) were obtained in a challenging visual environment.     

A multi‐objective approach to the parcel express service delivery problem

Parcel express service in many countries assumes door‐to‐door delivery of parcels and small packages in the fastest possible way. Delivery companies usually organize hub delivery networks, as flows between hubs are characterized by the economy of scale effect. At hubs, parcels are exchanged across vans, trucks, and planes. To organize parcel delivery in a specific region, the parcel delivery company must make appropriate decisions about the total number of parcel delivery hubs, their locations, and the allocation of demand for facilities' services to facilities. These issues are modeled in this paper as a multi‐objective problem. The model developed is based on compromise programming and genetic algorithms. We also demonstrate in the paper an interactive manner in which a defined problem can be solved. The proposed model could be implemented in large‐scale networks. The paper also shows a case study of parcel delivery service in Serbia. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于实测数据的路段可靠性近似算法研究

利用北京市快速路与主干路的流量与车速实测数据,分析交通流量的变化规律,拟合流量-速度关系;分别采用车速和流量计算可靠度与饱和度,得到欠饱和与超饱和状态下可靠度与饱和度之间的一一对应关系,从而建立可靠度与饱和度之间的关系模型;最后利用实测数据对该模型进行了验证,结果表明快速路最大误差为0．0885,主干路最大误差为0．0923．     

烟草企业配载运输调度优化研究

在面向订单的烟草生产企业中,客户需求的动态性导致了企业的运输满载率不高。针对这一种情况,以车辆满载率最大化作为优化目标,建立了整数线性规划模型,利用启发式算法求解模型,使得配送中心能够较快的求出装载货物的满意方案, 达到提高车辆装载率的目的。且根据车辆满载率的大小设计了三种匹配原则,并提出共同配送半径的概念,有效提高了烟草配送的客户满意度、降低了总成本     

基于分治策略的两种排序算法和基于贪心算法的两种问题的讨论

本文主要描述了分治策略和贪心算法的基本思想,并且用分治策略实现了快速排序和归并排序两种排序算法。从分、解、合三方面剖析排序,从而得到分割方式影响排序效率的关键,并将分治法扩展应用到更多排序方法中。本文还用贪心算法实现了背包问题与单源点最短路径问题,从荷值比等方面对资源分配进行分析,并将贪心算法应用更广泛。     

Critical Review of Time-Dependent Shortest Path Algorithms: A Multimodal Trip Planner Perspective

Abstract

A multimodal trip planner that produces optimal journeys involving both public transport and private vehicle legs has to solve a number of shortest path problems, both on the road network and the public transport network. The algorithms that are used to solve these shortest path problems have been researched since the late 1950s. However, in order to provide accurate journey plans that can be trusted by the user, the variability of travel times caused by traffic congestion must be taken into consideration. This requires the use of more sophisticated time-dependent shortest path algorithms, which have only been researched in depth over the last two decades, from the mid-1990s. This paper will review and compare nine algorithms that have been proposed in the literature, discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm on the basis of five important criteria that must be considered when choosing one or more of them to implement in a multimodal trip planner.     

Modelling trip distribution with fuzzy and genetic fuzzy systems

This paper explores the potential capabilities of fuzzy and genetic fuzzy system approaches in urban trip distribution modelling with some new features. First, a simple fuzzy rule-based system (FRBS) and a novel genetic fuzzy rule-based system [GFRBS: a fuzzy system improved by a knowledge base learning process with genetic algorithms (GAs)] are designed to model intra-city passenger flows for Istanbul. Subsequently, their accuracy, applicability and generalizability characteristics are evaluated against the well-known gravity- and neural network (NN)-based trip distribution models. The overall results show that: traditional doubly constrained gravity models are still simple and efficient; NNs may not show expected performance when they are forced to satisfy trip constraints; simply-designed FRBSs, learning from observations and expertise, are both efficient and interpretable even if the data are large and noisy; and use of GAs in fuzzy rule-based learning considerably increases modelling performance, although it brings additional computation cost.     

基于遥感图像信息特征的单调递增SSDA算法

图像配准就是将不同时间、不同传感器或不同条件下对同一景物获取的两幅或多幅图像,进行比较找到该组图像中的共有景物,或是根据已知模式到另一幅图中寻找相应的模式。利用遥感图像进行目标监测需要进行图像配准处理。匹配算法如何达到高精度、高匹配正确率和实时性成为人们追求的目标。文章在传统匹配算法的基础上,提出两点改进:一是通过PCA-圆形SIFT算法提取图像特征角点,降低维数,优化计算;二是利用图像角点作为单调递增阈值序列SSDA算法匹配的基本像素点,利用遥感图像信息特征降低匹配计算量。最后进行实验仿真,结果表明,改进后的算法使得配准速度进一步提高,能够满足遥感图像配准实时性的要求。     

基于改进遗传算法的网络零售企业逆向物流网络规划

从系统的角度出发,结合实际企业的情况构建逆向物流网络数学模型,借助改进的遗传算法对其进行求解,结合具体实例,运行Matlab编程程序,结果证明了其可行性.     

基于高级遗传算法的船舶模型参数辨识

提出一种以二阶K-T方程为基础，并基于高级遗传算法的船舶参数辨识算法，能有效地保证了算法的收敛性和全局优化能力，避免陷入局部最优解。并引入噪声参数，再用基于多局部种群的遗传算法进行迭代计算，将残差白噪声化。最终将该方法与传统的广义最小二乘算法相比较，得到了较为理想的船舶参数。通过对采集的仿真数据和实际自动舵数据的辨识结果验证了该方法在实际工程应用中的可行性和有效性。