基于主成分法的道路监测点的分析

对北京市二环快速路微波检测器采集流量数据的分析,用主成分分析法筛选出能反映二环路运行状况的关键检测器对应的路口或路段,这样交管部门可以通过协调相应关键路口或路段来改善交通运行状况,既可以减轻工作负荷又有助于提高工作效率和效益。同时,利用主成分分析法的结果得到基于流量的综合服务水平指标函数,可以此来标定道路的服务水平。     

信号电缆故障点检测仪的开发

介绍了采用TDR方式(时域反射法)开发的信号电缆故障点检测仪。信号电缆在信号安全控制设备中担负重要作用,一旦电缆出现故障,将严重影响列车运营,而且修复电缆需要较长的时间和大量的人力、物力。尽快排除故障,迅速、准确地查找故障点至关重要,为此,开发了采用TDR方式的信号电缆故障点检测仪。该方式广泛适用于线路的阻抗测试,能迅速测量出电缆的断线、混线、浸水等各种故障的具体地点。     

广州地铁2号线防淹门系统的设计分析

结合广州地铁2号线的防淹门系统工程实际,对防淹门系统方案选择、功能设计、接口设计、报警动作原理、成败得失等方面进行了分析。     

H型高速地铁列车弓网离线数值测试与分析系统的研究

文章提出了一种H型的弓网离线数值测试与分析系统。通过对两弓间跨线电缆电流、主逆输入电流、网压、车速、牵引工况、受电弓燃弧视频监控等信号的测试,软件程序可以现场对高速地铁受电弓弓网离线进行测试与数值分析,得到受电弓的最大离线时间、离线率、离线峰值电流、离线地理位置等信息。     

轮轴微机控制超声波自动探伤机存在漏探问题的探讨

针对轮轴微机控制超声波自动探伤机存在漏探问题的调查与分析,提出了针对性的解决方案和建议。     

面向船舶小组立的门式机器人焊接系统应用

整理焊接机器人软硬件的发展情况。通过与传统制造过程的生产效率对比,论述门式机器人焊接系统在船舶小组立中的应用优势,梳理该系统的应用难题,并提出该系统的发展方向,为船舶制造在精益生产、智能制造、数字化/自动化/集成化方面补齐短板。     

Improved vehicle classification from dual-loop detectors in congested traffic

Vehicle classification is an important traffic parameter for transportation planning and infrastructure management. Length-based vehicle classification from dual loop detectors is among the lowest cost technologies commonly used for collecting these data. Like many vehicle classification technologies, the dual loop approach works well in free flow traffic. Effective vehicle lengths are measured from the quotient of the detector dwell time and vehicle traversal time between the paired loops. This approach implicitly assumes that vehicle acceleration is negligible, but unfortunately at low speeds this assumption is invalid and length-based classification performance degrades in congestion.To addresses this problem, we seek a solution that relies strictly on the measured effective vehicle length and measured speed. We analytically evaluate the feasible range of true effective vehicle lengths that could underlie a given combination of measured effective vehicle length, measured speed, and unobserved acceleration at a dual loop detector. From this analysis we find that there are small uncertainty zones where the measured length class can differ from the true length class, depending on the unobserved acceleration. In other words, a given combination of measured speed and measured effective vehicle length falling in the uncertainty zones could arise from vehicles with different true length classes. Outside of the uncertainty zones, any error in the measured effective vehicle length due to acceleration will not lead to an error in the measured length class. Thus, by mapping these uncertainty zones, most vehicles can be accurately sorted to a single length class, while the few vehicles that fall within the uncertainty zones are assigned to two or more classes. We find that these uncertainty zones remain small down to about 10 mph and then grow exponentially as speeds drop further.Using empirical data from stop-and-go traffic at a well-tuned loop detector station the best conventional approach does surprisingly well; however, our new approach does even better, reducing the classification error rate due to acceleration by at least a factor of four relative to the best conventional method. Meanwhile, our approach still assigns over 98% of the vehicles to a single class.     

Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams: A cross-comparison of estimation methods

This paper aims to cross-compare existing estimation methods for the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram. Raw data are provided by a mesoscopic simulation tool for two typical networks that mimic an urban corridor and a meshed urban center. We mainly focus on homogenous network loading in order to fairly cross-compare the different methods with the analytical reference. It appears that the only way to estimate the MFD without bias is to have the full information of vehicle trajectories over the network and to apply Edie’s definitions. Combining information from probes (mean network speed) and loop detectors (mean network flow) also provides accurate results even for low sampling rate (<10%). Loop detectors fail to provide a good estimation for mean network speed or density because they cannot capture the traffic spatial dynamics over links. This paper proposes a simple adjustment technic in order to reduce the discrepancy when only loop detectors are available.     

An extended generalized filter algorithm for urban expressway traffic time estimation based on heterogeneous data

Travel time estimation and its variation for urban expressways are vital to both the information provision to road users, and the system evaluation and management for traffic administrators. Fruitful research efforts have been made to develop methodologies of reconstructing spatiotemporal traffic states mainly for freeways based on one or multiple data sources. However, few studies specifically focused on urban expressways. There are more intensive merging and diverging traffic due to short distances between ramps, for example, 300–500 m. Based on the empirical analysis of traffic data collected on a typical segment of a congested urban expressway, this study proposes an extended generalized filter algorithm for the urban expressway traffic state estimation based on heterogeneous data. More specifically, the multiple sources of data include both fixed sensor data (e.g., inductive loops or radar data) and global positioning system (GPS) probe vehicle data. This study compares the proposed algorithm and the traditional algorithm for freeways using data collected on the segment of expressway in Beijing, China. Results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed method, as well as its feasibility and effectiveness.     

某船机舱局部细水雾灭火系统的风险分析和应对措施

机舱局部细水雾灭火系统具有环保、高效、灵活等优势,已广泛应用于船舶消防系统中,近几年在军用舰船上也得到运用。文中介绍了机舱局部细水雾灭火系统的原理和应用特性,结合某型船的实际运用情况,分析了影响系统安全使用的风险因素及应对方案。为更好地发挥该系统在船舶消防系统的优势,提出了若干设计改进意见。