Environmentally appraising different pavement and construction scenarios: A comparative analysis for a typical local road

The aim of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of environmental impacts for different scenarios of a typical local road. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the modeling tool used to quantify and characterize comparative environmental impacts. In carrying out this specific application of the LCA, different road construction techniques were considered with regards to the whole structure and compared in order to identify the best alternative in terms of environmental sustainability.So far, in fact, typical LCA frameworks of roads have focused on recycled materials for pavement layers only, thus neglecting study of the materials used in the embankment or in the subgrade. In this study, these materials were included too, in order to prove the environmental benefit of using a sustainable technique such as in situ stabilization of fine soils with lime (typically dumped clayey soils) in order to reduce the need for virgin material for embankment and subgrade construction.When using different percentages of recycled materials (such as reclaimed asphalt pavement – RAP) in the bituminous layer or in the foundation, the analysis of the functional unit studied shows a significant reduction of energy consumption and pollutant emissions mainly due to transportation of materials involved, in this way increasing the environmental performance of the road.Another important consideration is that the use of fine soils stabilized with lime “in situ”, instead of dumping it, not only is a good technical solution for improving soil mechanical properties, but it also produces a reduction of energy consumption and of pollutant emissions. It is noticeable that this technique results in a significant reduction of pollutant emissions due the transportation of involved materials, increasing the environmental performance of the road.     

半刚性沥青路面面层抗车辙设计探讨

结合对部分高速公路车辙调查结果,发现中面层处于剪应力峰值区域,中面层的车辙变形对沥青路面车辙变形的影响最大,有必要采用基于抗车辙性能的试验方法进行中面层混合料的设计。比较目前常用的3种混合料设计方法,推荐SGC混合料设计方法。     

温拌沥青混合料配合比设计及与热拌沥青混合料的性能对比研究

文章根据温拌沥青混合料（WMA）在河南省郑州至石人山高速公路具茨山隧道上的应用,介绍其配合比设计过程,并根据配合比设计和路用性能测试,与相同类型的热拌沥青混合料（HMA）的路用性能进行了对比,结果表明WMA和HMA的路用性能基本相同,且能满足热拌沥青混合料的规范要求。     

无砟轨道结构抬升用高聚物注浆材料剪切黏结性能研究

为了研究高聚物注浆抬升后无砟轨道结构的稳定性,通过无砟轨道结构实尺模型抬升试验,揭示了高聚物注浆材料的扩展形态及固结体的密度分布规律,并模拟高聚物注浆材料与支承层混凝土的黏结,研究了高聚物注浆材料固结体的剪切黏结性能及压缩性能。结果表明,高聚物注浆材料在无砟轨道下方呈椭圆形扩展,与支承层混凝土形成良好黏结,距抬升孔越近固结体密度越高;随着固结体密度的增加,固结体的压缩强度及剪切黏结强度均逐渐增加,固结体的弹性模量和剪切黏结模量略有增大;固结体的压缩和剪切黏结强度明显高于级配碎石,但弹性模量和剪切黏结模量与级配碎石相当,这确保了服役中高聚物注浆材料固结体能够与级配碎石同步变形、协同受力,保证了抬升后无砟轨道结构的稳定性。     

温拌SBS沥青混合料旋转压实特性

采用旋转压实仪(SGC) 成型温拌SBS沥青混合料试件, 根据体积参数的变化规律确定了最佳拌合温度, 根据旋转压实曲线对温拌沥青混合料和热拌沥青混合料的压实特性进行了对比分析。分析结果表明: 与热拌沥青混合料相比, 用旋转压实法确定温拌沥青混合料成型温度降低约20℃, 动稳定度提高30%, 低温抗裂和抗水损害能力相差不大。在压实初期, 热拌沥青混合料SGC压实曲线的斜率为2.53, 密实能量指数为0.246, 温拌沥青混合料SGC压实曲线的斜率为3.14, 密实能量指数为0.156, 表明温拌沥青混合料具有更好的施工和易性; 在压实后期, 热拌沥青混合料SGC压实曲线的斜率为0.019 5, 密实能量指数为1.95和1.65, 温拌沥青混合料SGC压实曲线的斜率为0.015 2, 密实能量指数为2.61和2.00, 表明开放交通后温拌沥青混合料具有更好的抵抗荷载压密的能力。     

Hydroelastic analysis of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type VLFS edged with dual inclined perforated plates

The fluid-structure interaction of oblique irregular waves with a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) edged with dual horizontal/inclined perforated plates has been investigated in the context of the direct time domain modal expansion theory. For the hydroelastic analysis, the boundary element method (BEM) based on time domain Kelvin sources is implemented to establish water wave model including the viscous effect of the perforated plates through the Darcy’s law, and the finite element method (FEM) is adopted for solving the deflections of the VLFS modeled as an equivalent Mindlin thick plate. In order to enhance the computing efficiency, the interpolation-tabulation scheme is applied to assess rapidly and accurately the free-surface Green function and its partial derivatives in finite water depth, and the boundary integral equation of a half or quarter VLFS model is further established taking advantage of symmetry of flow field and structure. Also, the numerical solutions are validated against a series of experimental tests. In the comparison, the empirical relationship between the actual porosity and porous parameter is successfully applied. Numerical solutions and model tests are executed to determine the hydroelastic response characteristics of VLFS with an attached anti-motion device. This study examines the effects of porosity, submerged depth, inclined angle and gap distance of such dual perforated anti-motion plates on the hydroelastic response to provide information regarding the optimal design. The effects of oblique wave angle on the performance of anti-motion and hydroelastic behavior of VLFS are also emphatically examined.     

一种发泡型抗石击底涂的引进与应用

介绍了一种发泡型抗石击涂料及工艺在涂装车间的引进与应用,及一些应用问题的解决.通过应用,实现了轻量化、减少材料使用量及VOCs排放量减少的综合效益.     

高速公路沥青路面施工质量控制分析

无接缝、平整、行车舒适、噪音低以及振动小、易于养护等优点,使沥青混凝土路面成为我国国内公路面层普遍采用的一种比较好的结构形式。但是如果施工中不能按照施工工艺严格的进行施工质量控制,则很容易导致路面的一系列质量问题,这不仅影响使用功能,还影响影响其社会效益。     

城市大型医院周边道路交通问题剖析及改善对策——以深圳市为例

为了合理科学组织医院周边及内部交通,避免重现目前深圳大型医院周边普遍存在的交通拥堵、停车困难、进院车辆排队、的士乘坐不便等交通问题,以深圳市为例,分析现状大型医院周边存在的道路交通问题和产生原因,提出完善周边道路交通设施、大力发展公共交通、合理规划医院布局、建立科学有效的交通组织体系等改善对策.     

中国TBM施工技术进展、挑战及对策

总结我国近30年来TBM设计与施工技术的发展历程,可归纳为以下5个阶段:1)研发探索和试用阶段;2)以国外施工承包商为主体,采用国外设计制造TBM施工我国隧道工程阶段;3)独立进行TBM招标采购和选型设计,并建立起自主的TBM施工队伍阶段;4)与国外厂家联合设计制造TBM,工程应用和自主施工快速发展阶段;5)实现TBM国产化,面向国内外TBM工程市场自主施工阶段。通过我国不同时期TBM施工的典型工程,介绍我国在复杂地质、大坡度、高海拔、不同直径、不同机型、超长隧洞TBM施工方面取得的经验、技术积累和业绩,展示我国TBM在穿越断层破碎带、软弱变形、岩爆、涌水等不良地质洞段取得的一系列施工新技术,以及最高月进尺1 868 m、平均月进尺超过600 m和掘进作业利用率超过40%的掘进技术水平。分析TBM在极硬岩、大断层破碎带、软弱大变形围岩、强岩爆围岩、涌水突泥洞段、高地热隧洞和超长隧洞工程中施工面临的风险和挑战,并提出一些相应的技术措施和对策,期望这些措施和对策在未来大量实际工程中进一步得到实践验证、优化和改进,不断积累和创新TBM设计与施工新技术。