桥上无缝线路纵向力作用下桥墩强度安全储备量分析

桥上无缝线路的纵向力，由于梁轨相互作用，将通过桥跨结构传递到桥梁的墩台上。对桥墩进行强度检算和安全储备量分析，进而优化新建桥上无缝线路设计，使设计达到既安全又经济。     

大跨度拱桥拱轴线优化研究

以一条初始的拱轴线形及某种特定的荷载工况为基础,建立有限元模型,根据拱轴线优化的基本原理,通过有限元程序的迭代计算,求得在特定荷载下拱圈上的各个离散点接近于压力线的坐标;再利用曲线拟合的方法得到可应用于实际工程的各次抛物线形,并从中选出最合理拱轴线。最后,给出了详细的工程算例,算例结果表明：文中所提出的算法较好地减少了拱轴线与压力线的偏差,改善了拱圈的受力状态。     

基于Pro/E塑料顾问分析的塑料盒盖注射模具设计

针对传统模具设计的弊端,提出了采用模流分析技术对模具进行优化设计的思想。以Pro/E塑料顾问为平台,以塑料盒盖零件为实例,对其浇口位置进行计算机模拟分析,并在此基础上对塑料产品进行注射成型工艺模拟分析。综合分析结果有针对性地优化模具设计方案,避免了设计中的盲目性,提高了塑料产品的成型质量,减少了缺陷的产生,降低了生产成本,缩短了生产周期。     

Effects of Friends' Information Interaction on Travel Decisions

Many existing studies focus on the effects of traffic information from ATIS on travel choices. Research on the effect of friends' travel information on people's travel choice is uncommon, yet needed. In this paper, behavioral experiments are conducted to discuss what the effects of information interaction with friends can bring on individual travel decision behavior. The experimental results concluded that when the rate of friends' information interaction reaches 33.3%, the whole system is at an optimal level. Furthermore, users reach an optimum when the rate of friends' travel information interaction is 75%. The average time and cost per person is increasing when the whole system optimum transfers to the user optimum. Moreover, adjustments of departure time at the system optimum are more dispersed than at the user optimum, while travel choice changes are more concentrated.     

公路路基拓宽优化设计改进粒子群算法

考虑单位路段内的工程数量、公路占地、边坡稳定等因素,建立以最优造价为目标函数的路基拓宽优化设计数学模型;引入具有一定全局搜索能力和较快收敛速度的粒子群算法并予以改进,得到了基于改进粒子群算法的路基拓宽优化设计方法,并编制相应优化计算程序.最后结合算例,给出不同条件下路基断面的拓宽形式,同时,对比分析证明了该法的可靠和可行性.     

有效性目标下的车辆最优维护周期

为准确确定有效性目标下的车辆最优维护周期,基于更新理论中的更新函数以及优化概念,分别建立了以有效度最大和以单位时间内总停驶时间最少为目标的2个最优维护周期数学模型。利用78辆某型商用车多年记录的运行故障数据和维修费用数据,进行了故障分布的参数估计和假设检验,在置信度大于0.95的前提下,确认车辆运行故障服从Weibull分布,并由所建模型解得车辆的最优维护周期里程为15617km。验证性分组试验结果表明:当二级维护周期取15122km时,车辆的有效度达到最大值0.9551;维护周期模型解与分组试验最优周期里程的相对误差仅为3.27%,模型的解准确可靠,符合实际。综合模型研究和实车验证性试验结果,最终认定有效度最大目标意义下的车辆最优二级维护周期为15000km。     

电动汽车用永磁同步电机永磁体最佳工作点分析

永磁同步电机应用在电动汽车及混合动力汽车上已经十分普及,不仅因为永磁同步电机具有尽可能宽广的弱磁调速范围,能够在电机最大功率不变的条件下提高电动汽车的起动加速能力及低速爬坡能力,而且永磁同步电机具有较高的功率密度比。应用在电动汽车上,更为有效地降低电动汽车的质量,从而提高电动车效率。     

高速公路改建中分流路网分担量适应性分析

针对交通分流中定量分析较少、人为主观意识决策较多的问题,建立实时反馈的高速公路改扩建交通分流机制和分配模型,并以实际的高速公路改扩建项目为例,分析区域公路网交通分流情况,取得了良好的效果。     

基于机会约束规划的可靠性优化分配理论研究及应用

提出了一种基于风险管理的系统可靠性优化分配方法.决策者可以根据自己对风险的偏好程度,合理地分配系统各部分的可靠性指标并在系统性能与风险之间取得某种平衡,以使系统的总效用达到期望的最优水平.建立了基于机会约束规划理论的数学模型,对这一方法进行了合理的描述,并用蒙特卡罗仿真法求出了模型的最优解.文中用算例作了说明.     

Pricing scheme design of ridesharing program in morning commute problem

This paper examines the dynamic user equilibrium of the morning commute problem in the presence of ridesharing program. Commuters simultaneously choose departure time from home and commute mode among three roles: solo driver, ridesharing driver, and ridesharing rider. Considering the congestion evolution over time, we propose a time-varying compensation scheme to maintain a positive ridesharing ridership at user equilibrium. To match the demand and the supply of ridesharing service over time, the compensation scheme should be set according to the inconvenience cost functions and the out-of-pocket cost functions. When the price charged per time unit is higher than the inconvenience cost per time unit perceived by the ridesharing drivers, the ridesharing participants will travel at the center of peak hours and solo drivers will commute at the two tails. Within the feasible region with positive ridership, the ridesharing program can reduce the congestion and all the commuters will be better off. To support system optimum (SO), we derive a time-varying toll combined with a flat ridesharing price from eliminating queuing delay. Under SO toll, the ridesharing program can attract more participants and have an enlarged feasible region. This reveals that the commuters are more tolerant to the inconvenience caused by sharing a ride at SO because of the lower travel time. Compared with no-toll equilibrium, both overall congestion and individual travel cost are further reduced at SO.