发光层厚度比对有机电致发光器件性能的影响

将发光层进行多次堆叠构造出有机电致发光器件。实验说明,在总厚度相同而各发光层厚度比不同的条件下,器件呈现不同的发光特性。器件的电致发光光谱存在明显的变化,器件颜色由蓝光到近白光变化显著,器件的亮度和效率也有不同程度的变化。     

有机锂皂石的膨胀性能影响规律的研究

从锂皂石原矿中提纯出精矿,经不同浓度的稀盐酸处理得到层电荷数逐渐降低的锂皂石样品,然后对其进行钠化,再与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)反应从而制得有机锂皂石.有机锂皂石在硝基苯中的黏度和红外光谱分析表明当盐酸浓度为0.2 moL· L-1时,锂皂石的层状结构几乎保持不变,此时层电荷数降低到了黏度最大的临界点.有机化最...     

基于有机朗肯循环的发动机余热回收技术

通过比较8种循环工质在有机朗肯循环(ORC)系统中的热力过程,从系统性能、可靠性、环保等角度综合考虑,验证了R245fa用于ORC循环工质的优势。以康明斯某重型车用发动机为应用目标,设计了一套余热回收发电系统,通过回收增压空气、尾管废气、发动机废气的热量,用于发电。经过计算,该系统的余热回收效率为10.4%。     

温拌沥青混合料技术在云南普炭公路中的应用研究

该文介绍了温拌沥青混合料技术的应用情况。通过在云南普炭公路的WMA技术应用研究发现:WAM技术不仅可以大大降低整个沥青混合料出料温度,提高施工的效率,大大降低有害气体的排放;同时综合性能较热拌沥青混合料有较大的提高,经济性能也较突出。     

有机复合温拌剂对沥青性能影响研究

研究了由一种废旧塑料再生的有机蜡(ROW)、有机改性剂(OMD)和无机稳定剂(ISD)制备的有机复合温拌剂对沥青的降黏效果及常规性能影响的作用。占沥青结合料4%,OMD含量为30%的有机复合温拌剂可使基质沥青140℃时的布鲁克菲尔德运动黏度与未加温拌剂基质沥青135℃运动黏度相当。该温拌剂还可以使SBS改性沥青在135℃时黏度从2 020mPa.s降到1 450mPa.s,降幅达500～600mPa.s左右。在满足重载交通沥青规范要求前提下,该温拌剂还在一定程度上提高了沥青的软化点和针入度,延度变长,沥青的高低温性能均得到有效改善和提高。为研究和开发高性价比温拌剂开辟了一个新方向。     

基于有机郎肯循环系统的管壳式与板式换热器比较

阐述了管壳式与板式换热器的基本形式以及各自的特点,并针对有机郎肯循环(ORC)系统的特点,比较了管壳式换热器和板式换热器的结构性能,为ORC系统中换热器选型提供参考。     

涡凹气浮联合固定化曝气生物滤池在含油废水中的应用

采用CAF联合BAF工艺处理高浓度炼油生产废水,并利用浮动环流收油器,对预处理废水中的油类污染物进行回收,无需外加压力,处理成本低。经该工艺二级气浮处理后,油类污染物回收率达到97％。工艺调试运行稳定后,对污染物COD、氨氮、硫化物和石油类进行监测。监测结果表明,COD、氨氮、硫化物和石油类污染物的去除率分别为：96．1％、94．3％、77％和96．7％,出水水质满足GB8978--1996《污水综合排放标准》中第二类污染物最高允许排放浓度一级标准要求。     

Effect of mixing on microbial communities in the Rhone River plume

The biological processes involved during mixing of a river plume with the marine underlying water were studied off the Rhone River outlet. Samples of suspended and dissolved matter were collected while tracking a drifting buoy. Three trajectories were performed, at 2-day intervals, under different hydrological and meteorological situations. A biological uptake was evidenced from ammonium (NH₄) and phosphate (PO₄) shortage, indicating an early “NH₄-dependent” functioning occurring before the well-known “NO₃-based” cycle. The different ratios between NH₄, NO₃ and PO₄, as a function of salinity, were discussed to detail the preferential use in PO₄ and NH₄. Salinity zones with enhanced bacterial production, high chlorophyll a concentration, as well as DOC, NH₄ and PO₄ consumption were evidenced from 20 to 35 in salinity. It was shown that the successive abundance of bacteria and phytoplankton during transfer reflected the competition for PO₄ of both communities. On the Rhone River plume, the role played by temperature, light conditions and suspended matter upon biological activity seems relatively minor compared to salinity distribution and its related parameter: nutrient availability. It can be concluded that biological uptake in the Rhone River plume was closely related to the dilution mechanism, controlled itself by the dynamics of the plume. In windless conditions and close to the river mouth, the density gradient between marine and river water induced limited exchanges between the nutrient-rich freshwater and the potential consumers in the underlying marine water. Consequently, little biological activity is observed close to the river mouth. Offshore, mixing is enhanced and a balance is reached between salinity tolerance and nutrient availability to form a favourable zone for marine phytoplankton development. This can be quite far from the river mouth in case of a widely spread plume, corresponding to high river discharge. Under windy and wavy conditions, the plume freshwater is early and rapidly mixed, so that the extension of the “enhanced production zone” is drastically reduced and even bacteria could not benefit from the fast mixing regime induced.     

Influence of the Mackenzie River plume on the sinking export of particulate material on the shelf

We examined the influence of the Mackenzie River plume on sinking fluxes of particulate organic and inorganic material on the Mackenzie Shelf, Canadian Arctic. Short-term particle interceptor traps were deployed under the halocline at 3 stations across the shelf during fall 2002 and at 3 stations along the shelf edge during summer 2004. During the two sampling periods, the horizontal patterns in sinking fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a (chl a) paralleled those in chl a biomass within the plume. Highest sinking fluxes of particulate organic material occurred at stations strongly influenced by the river plume (maximum POC sinking fluxes at 25 m of 98 mg C m^− 2 d^− 1 and 197 mg C m^− 2 d^− 1 in 2002 and 2004, respectively). The biogeochemical composition of the sinking material varied seasonally with phytoplankton and fecal pellets contributing considerably to the sinking flux in summer, while amorphous detritus dominated in the fall. Also, the sinking phytoplankton assemblage showed a seasonal succession from a dominance of diatoms in summer to flagellates and dinoflagellates in the fall. The presence of the freshwater diatom Eunotia sp. in the sinking assemblage directly underneath the river plume indicates the contribution of a phytoplankton community carried by the plume to the sinking export of organic material. Yet, increasing chl a and BioSi sinking fluxes with depth indicated an export of phytoplankton from the water column below the river plume during summer and fall. Grazing activity, mostly by copepods, and to a lesser extent by appendicularians, appeared to occur in a well-defined stratum underneath the river plume, particularly during summer. These results show that the Mackenzie River influences the magnitude and composition of the sinking material on the shelf in summer and fall, but does not constitute the only source of material sinking to depth at stations influenced by the river plume.     

大鼠外科型急性肝功能衰竭与多脏器功能衰竭

将２３只大鼠随机分为对照组和急性肝衰（ＦｕｌｍｉｎａｎｔＨｅｐａｔｉｃＦａｉｌｕｒｅ，ＦＨＦ）组，手术制成外科型ＦＨＦ模型，用血液生化检测、同位素扫描、组织形态观察，证明制作肝衰模型造成肝脏形态和功能损害外，还导致大鼠肺、肾、脑、心、肠的结构和功能均发生明显损害，并发生多脏器功能衰竭（ＭＯＦ）。其发生原因可能与肝脏网状内皮系统屏障功能削弱，内毒素血症介导的重要脏器贯序损伤有关