非硫酸盐高浓度有机废水酸化的可生化性指标

利用表观B/C指标和理论B/C指标评价了厌氧酸化过程对蔗糖-蛋白胨人工废水可生化性的影响.结果显示对于COD为1 064～63 900 mg/L的废水,采用表观B/C评价指标,废水的可生化性降低了0%～96%;采用理论B/C指标,可生化性提高幅度为2%～21.6%.实验结果表明用理论B/C指标评价厌氧酸化过程对蔗糖-蛋白胨人工废水可生化性的影响较之表观B/C更为科学合理;同时说明对于非硫酸盐废水类型,理论B/C作为评价其酸化过程改变废水可生化性的指标同样适用;酸化出水的理论B/C随废水COD增加呈现下降的趋势,理论分析认为其与废水的酸化度(α)有关,酸化度越低,酸化出水的理论B/C越低.     

硅烷偶联剂改善沥青与石料及水泥砂浆界面作用研究

研究了硅烷偶联剂对沥青与石料及水泥砂浆界面的作用。研究结果表明,以不同浓度的硅烷偶联剂水溶液涂覆到水泥砂浆界面,再以乳化沥青和普通沥青连接试件,其抗折强度有所提高,其中涂覆浓度为0.6%的硅烷偶联剂抗折强度时可提高20%;方解石和花岗岩石料浸泡硅烷偶联剂水溶液后与沥青的粘附级数提高,其中花岗岩石料更为明显;硅烷偶联剂改性乳化沥青与矿料的粘附性优于对比普通乳化沥青。     

城市轨道交通在北京市城市结构调整中的作用及对策

从分析北京市现有的城市规划布局和交通中存在的问题出发,总结伦敦等大城市施行“有机疏散“规划的经验,探讨城市轨道交通在北京城市结构调整中的作用,并提出相关的对策。     

Microbial community structure in the marginal ice zone of the Bellingshausen Sea

Phytoplankton, bacteria and microzooplankton were investigated on a transect in the Bellingshausen Sea during the ice melt period in November–December 1992. The transect along the 85°W meridian comprised seven stations that progressed from solid pack-ice (70°S), through melting ice into open water (67°S). The abundance, biomass and taxonomic composition were determined for each component of the microbial community. The phytoplankton was mostly dominated by diatoms, particularly small (<20 μm) species. Diatom abundance ranged from 66 000 cells l⁻¹ under the ice to 410 000 cells l⁻¹ in open water. Phytoplankton biomass varied from <1 to 167 mg C m⁻³, with diatoms comprising 89–95% of the total biomass in open water and autotrophic nanoflagellates comprising 57% under the ice. The standing stocks of autotrophs in the mixed layer ranged from 95 mg C m⁻² under the pack-ice to 9478 mg C m⁻² in open waters. Bacterial abundance in ice-covered and open water stations varied from 1.1 to 5.5×10⁸ cells l⁻¹. Bacterial biomass ranged from 2.4 mg C m⁻³ under pack-ice to an average of 14 mg C m⁻³ in open water. The microzooplankton consisted mainly of aloricate oligotrich ciliates and heterotrophic dinoflagellates and these were most abundant in open waters. Their biomass varied between 0.2 and 54 mg C m⁻³ with a minimum at depth under the ice and maximum in open surface waters. Microheterotrophic standing stocks varied between 396 mg C m⁻² under pack-ice and 3677 mg C m⁻² in the open waters. The standing stocks of the total microbial community increased consistently from 491 mg C m⁻² at the ice station to 13 155 mg C m⁻² in open waters, reflecting the productive response of the community to ice-melt. The composition of the microbial community also shifted markedly from one dominated by heterotrophs (82% of microbial stocks) at the ice station to one dominated by autotrophs (73% of microbial stocks) in the open water. Our estimates suggest that the microbial community comprised >100% of the total particulate organic carbon (POC) under the ice and 62–66% of the measured POC in the open waters.     

有机锗多酸衍生物对S_(180)肿瘤细胞DNA合成的抑制作用

目的　探讨有机锗多酸衍生物对S1 80 肿瘤细胞DNA合成的抑制作用。方法　用3H TdR掺入法检测有机锗多酸衍生物在体外对S1 80 肿瘤细胞DNA合成的抑制作用 ,观察不同剂量有机锗多酸衍生物对S1 80 实体瘤的抑制作用和对免疫器官的影响。结果　体外实验表明 ,有机锗多酸衍生物对S1 80 细胞的生长具有明显的抑制作用 ,而且浓度越高 ,抑制作用越强。体内实验也表明 ,有机锗多酸衍生物对S1 80 实体瘤的生长具有抑制作用 ,而且剂量越大 ,抑制作用越强。且有机锗多酸衍生物可防止荷瘤鼠脾脏重量的下降。结论　有机锗多酸衍生物可抑制肿瘤细胞生长 ,并存在剂量依赖关系     

高铁箱梁支座钢板空响的病害预防与补救研究

支座是铁路桥梁的重要组成部分，它支撑着桥梁和过往列车的全部重量，以及列车的动荷能量，它在起到支撑和固定梁体的同时，还要起到梁体在受外力变形和受温度变化而变形时的自由伸缩的调节作用，铁路桥梁在运营过程中，支座在列车荷载作用下，支座底面与桥墩支撑垫石均会受到巨大的动能冲击。着重讨论高铁箱梁支座钢板空响的痛害预防与补救措施，对高铁箱梁支座预埋钢板产生空响的原因与可能导致的危害进行逐一深入分析，研究预防与补救高铁箱梁支座钢板发生空响可行措施。     

A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN WATER AND PREVALENCE OF KASHIN BECK DISEASE

ＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＡＮＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳ１　ＡｆｔｅｒｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｎｇｔｈｒｅｅｅｎｄｅｍｉｃａｒｅａｓｏｆＫＢＤ，ｓｕｃｈａｓＭａｎｇｋｅｎｇ，ＦａｎｒｏｎｇａｎｄＮａｎｙｕａｎａｎｄａｎｅｉｇｈｂｏｒｉｎｇｎｏｎ－ｅｎｄｅｍｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｆｏｒｅａｃｈｏｎｅｉｎＹｕｌｉｎ，Ｓｈａａｎｘｉ〔１〕，ｗｅｅｘａｍｉｎｅｄｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎａｇｅｄｆｒｏｍ６ｔｏ１２ｉｎｔｈｅｓｅａｒｅａｓｗｉｔｈｒｏｅｎｔｇｅｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙ．Ｔｈｅｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓａｎｄｅｎｄｅｍｉｃａｒｅａｓｗｅｒｅｒｅｓｐｅｃｔ…     

船舶废旧油漆桶油漆残渣清洗废液处理方法

在船舶废旧油漆桶油漆残渣处理过程中会产生有机溶剂废液，带来环境危害。分析焚烧法、膜分离法、生物法和蒸馏法等4种有机溶剂废液处理方法的利弊，为我国船舶现代化建设的绿色可持续发展提供思路。     

融雪剂融雪机理及发展状况

介绍了融雪剂融雪化冰机理,综述了融雪剂的发展过程.融雪剂的发展经历了4个阶段：氯盐型、非氯盐型、防锈型、有机环保型,详细介绍了这4类融雪剂的代表性产品的性能、优缺点及应用情况,并对其性能进行对比分析.     

持久性有机污染物微生物降解研究进展

综述了环境中典型的持久性有机污染物(POPs)的化学特性及其在环境中的生物学行为、生态效应。根据微生物在生态系统内的能量流动和物质循环,以及环境自净中起的重要作用,从生物工程角度论述了微生物控制POPs污染及其作用的机理,阐述了微生物降解及降解性质粒控制POPs有机污染物的优势和发展趋势。