自由飞行中冲突解脱的线性规划法

为了避免可能的冲突，任何两架飞行器之间的距离不能小于给定的安全距离，采用线性规划的方法研究了同一空间中自由飞行的几架飞机之间的冲突解脱问题。提出了两种不同的解脱方案：第一，只允许速度变化；第二，只允许航向角变化。考虑到旅客在旅途中的舒适程度，选取的目标函数要使上述改变量最小。针对两种方案分别列出了线性限制公式，从而找出最优的解脱办法，实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

STUDY ON CONTINUOUS-TIME HEDGING PROBLEM IN INCOMPLETE MARKETS

Introduction　　 The essence of dynamic- hedging is the abilityto replicate exactly the payoff ofa complex securityby a dynamic portfolio strategy of simpler securi-ties which is self- financing,i.e.,no cash inflowsor outflows except at the start and at the end.Ifthis strategy exists,the initial cost of the portfoliomust equal the price of the complex security.Oth-erwise,an arbitrage opportunity exists. In reality,the market is incomplete.There are institutionalrigidities,transaction costs,te…     

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通过对事故致因因素的分析，引入并修正了轨迹交叉论事故触发模型在公交系统中的表现形式，并针对公交系统的资源特点对人因差错、物因缺陷事故运动轨迹的形成进行了深刻的分析.根据对公交系统主要事故致因因素的分析，特别着重于对驾驶员的不安全行为进行研究，阐明驾驶员的不安全行为在事故致因中的复杂性和控制的重要性.通过对反轨迹交叉的事故干扰研究，得出了适合公交系统的反事故措施模式，并结合管理学中冲突的解决原理提出反交叉式干扰事故模式，希望导入安全行为可以降低人因差错、物因缺陷轨迹交叉的概率，进而根据公交系统的运行特点，提出几点有实际意义的控制人因的反事故交又干扰方法，以供实践借鉴.     

国内各城市的轨道交通线网负荷强度比较分析——基于中国城市轨道交通协会数据分析的研究报告之二

统计了国内28座城市的轨道交通(不含市域铁路、磁悬浮线、机场线)线网负荷强度。结合各城市的线网规模、市区和主城区常住人口密度、单程通勤距离、线路开通运营时间、沿线区域开发情况等因素,分析了引起线网负荷强度差异的原因。总结了提升城市轨道交通线网运营效率的要点:在城市主城区,当常住人口密度达到一定程度时,宜优先建设城市轨道交通,并应尽量覆盖大客流集散点;在城市外围区域,当基于TOD(交通引导发展)模式引导城市轨道交通建设时,应确保城市轨道交通建设与沿线区域土地利用开发同步实施。     

地铁风险空间分析及异物检测系统技术要求

为了规范地铁风险空间异物检测系统的设计与安装,切合未来地铁无人驾驶的需求,首先分析地铁站台屏蔽门与列车门之间风险空间的风险特性与异物事件的发生原因,对比现有防夹装置和风险空间异物检测技术的优缺点,然后根据异物事件的异物体积、风险性与危害程度进行风险等级划分,并对现有异物检测系统进行检测水平评估,最后总结未来地铁无人驾驶环境下的异物检测系统必须达到理想化人工瞭望灯带技术及其以上的检测水平,本研究为未来地铁无人驾驶技术和异物检测技术的发展与应用提供参考。     

区域铁路网趋稳规模测算方法

以区域铁路客货运输量为中间载体,将区域铁路网规模测算问题划分为2阶段,分别建立数学规划模型进行求解,即第1阶段考虑区域经济发展、运输需求、服务人口数量和产业需求等因素,确定区域经济发展稳定状态下的合理区域铁路客货运量,在此基础上,进一步考虑国土系数、线路展开系数等因素,分析铁路客货运量与合理区域铁路网规模的内在联系和规律,从而最终确定适配的区域铁路网趋稳规模。以长江中下游地区为例进行实证分析,通过区域铁路发展特征对模型参数进行合理标定后计算,发现其所需区域铁路网总体规模为60 366 km,而目前区域内铁路网规模仅为22 642 km,不满足率高达62.49%,因此,急需加快该区域内的铁路网建设以保障和促进该区域社会经济的健康快速发展。     

技术直达列车编组计划的阶跃函数模型及同构变换

本文构造了技术直达列车编组计划（ＴＦＰ）问题的阶跃函数模型。通过对该模型做同构变换，获得了该问题的几种典型优化模型形式：线性０－１规划模型，目标函数为线性而约束条件是二次的０－１规划模型。从而为引进各种特定的算法提供了条件。文末以五个支点站为例给出了各种模型的具体形式。     

Strategic evacuation planning with pedestrian guidance and bus routing: a mixed integer programming model and heuristic solution

This paper presents a mathematical model to plan emergencies in a densely populated urban zone where a certain numbers of pedestrians depend on transit for evacuation. The proposed model features an integrated operational framework, which simultaneously guides evacuees through urban streets and crosswalks (referred to as “the pedestrian network”) to designated pickup points (e.g., bus stops), and routes a fleet of buses at different depots to those pick‐up points and transports evacuees to their destinations or safe places. In this level, the buses are routed through the so‐called “vehicular network.” An integrated mixed integer linear program that can effectively take into account the interactions between the aforementioned two networks is formulated to find the maximal evacuation efficiency in two networks. Because the large instances of the proposed model are mathematically difficult to solve to optimality, a two‐stage heuristic is developed to solve larger instances of the model. Results from hundreds of numerical examples analysis indicate that proposed heuristic works well in providing (near) optimal or feasibly good solutions for medium‐scale to large‐scale instances that may arise in real transit‐based evacuation situations in a much shorter amount of computational time compared with cplex (can find optimal/feasible solutions for only five instances within 3 hours of running). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A network enhancement model with integrated lane reorganization and traffic control strategies

Lane reorganization strategies such as lane reversal, one‐way street, turning restriction, and cross elimination have demonstrated their effectiveness in enhancing transportation network capacity. However, how to select the most appropriate combination of those strategies in a network remains challenging to transportation professionals considering the complex interactions among those strategies and their impacts on conventional traffic control components. This article contributes to developing a mathematical model for a traffic equilibrium network, in which optimization of lane reorganization and traffic control strategies are integrated in a unified framework. The model features a bi‐level structure with the upper‐level model describing the decision of the transportation authorities for maximizing the network capacity. A variational inequality (VI) formulation of the user equilibrium (UE) behavior in choosing routes in response to various strategies is developed in the lower level. A genetic algorithm (GA) based heuristic is used to yield meta‐optimal solutions to the model. Results from extensive numerical analyses reveal the promising property of the proposed model in enhancing network capacity and reducing congestion. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

物流联盟伙伴选择优化研究

以降低供应链总作业成本和总作业时间为目标,研究一种选择物流企业联盟伙伴来构建供应链的有效方法。供应链由多个环节组成,每个环节的企业的性质不同。首先应用AHP方法结合DEA方法对供应链各环节的不同企业进行有效评价;然后根据评价结果初选出少量企业;最后以降低供应链物流总成本和运作时间为目标,应用机会约束规划选出各环节最佳物流企业组建供应链。方法应用于选择物流企业组建供应链可以有效降低供应链作业时间和作业成本。