基于遗传算法的车用空—空中冷器设计研究

以某车用增压柴油机的空—空中冷器为研究对象,应用遗传算法对其进行优化设计,提出了快速获取中冷器最优化芯体结构的方法。通过样品的风洞试验发现,优化计算的结果与试验结果吻合良好。表明使用该方法设计的中冷器,其传热系数最大可提高19.3%。在中冷器的设计方面具有明显的优势,为同类中冷器产品的优化设计提供了参考。     

提高车用发动机能量利用率研究进展

描述了近几年车用汽油机发展的几种新技术,包括GDI和HCCI燃烧技术以及混合动力技术的应用和发展,分析了它们的特点和在节能、环保等方面的作用。介绍了利用发动机排气余热的温差发电技术。论述了利用发动机冷却水余热和排气余热来改善发动机性能的新技术,该技术通过一套发动机后接蒸气动力装置,回收发动机余热能量做功,从而提高发动机能量利用率。探讨了这一新技术的研究内容,展望了它的应用发展前景。     

体外预应力对T形刚构桥振动特性的影响

以苏丹喀土穆州布瑞大桥主桥加固工程为工程背景，采用通用有限元软件ANSYS对体外预应力加固T形刚构桥的振动特性进行研究，提出避免结构发生共振的措施，对于指导工程实践有实用价值。     

体外预应力连续T梁桥设计

介绍了株洲白马垄大桥—部分跨采用体外预应力概念设计的混凝土连续T梁桥的总体设计、构造特点和计算方法,可供类似桥梁设计参考。     

某在役高速公路高架桥的加固设计研究

基于连霍国道主干线某高架桥的病害调查,分析了裂缝损伤产生的主要原因。针对桥梁结构的病害和桥梁实际运营中存在的超载问题,采用了体外纵向预应力弯起钢束和粘钢板、粘贴碳纤维技术相结合的结构加固措施。通过对原结构和加固后桥梁的应力状态分析,所设计的加固方案可以有效地改善该桥梁主拉应力不足的受力状态,有效提高桥梁结构的承载能力。     

埋地钢质管道外防腐层选材专家系统

对外防腐层选择时需要考虑到的因素进行总结后，建立了包括3大类18个具体因素的外防腐层选材评价体系，对18个具体因素给予一定的权重，对常用外防腐层的性能以及其适用条件进行细分并采用5分制打分。利用权重系数法计算出常用外防腐层在具体工程中的得分，由此比较防腐层在该工程中的优劣及适用与否。     

整体式无接触热阻散热器传热元件的研究

介绍了国内首次研制成功的Al质整体式无接触热阻散热器翅片管传热元件的结构与特点 ,对整体式无接触热阻散热器与管带式散热器进行了对比试验 ,并对试验所得的传热与阻力进行了分析。试验结果表明 ,无接触热阻散热器传热性能和可靠性优于管带式散热器 ,且体积小 ,质量轻 ,工序少 ,是目前车用管带式散热器理想的替代产品     

利用物理模型研究热扩散问题

山东威海华能电厂循环冷却水正态物理模型试验的目的是研究电厂设备冷却水排入海中后对海域及取水口的热污染问题,本文剖析了试验过程,内容包括电厂附近海域的自然条件分析、热扩散理论在模型中的应用、模型设计思想、试验设备量测系统与试验方法以及模型试验中需要探讨的问题。     

Global cutting-path optimization considering the minimum heat effect with microgenetic algorithms

This article considers microgenetic algorithms (GAs), which explore in a small population with a few genetic operators, for cutting-path optimization problems. The major difference between GAs and simple genetic algorithms (SGAs) is how to make a reproductive plan for an improved searching technique because of population choice. It is shown that GAs implementation reaches the near-optimal region much earlier than the SGAs approach, and the GAs give a better solution than simulated annealing (SA). The main objective was to determine what temperature distribution can be obtained from the solution of a travelling distributed heat source. The solution of the travelling heat source on nested raw plate provides information about the vertices of each nested part of the raw plate. From the fact that the initial temperature at a piercing point strongly depends on the heat flow which stems from the previous cutting contour, the temperature of all piercing points must be lower than the critical temperature after each cutting of the components of a part. The critical temperature is identified as the mechanical melting temperature of steels. A heuristic back-tracking method is introduced to find the near-optimum cutting path considering the minimum heat effect on deformation. The heuristic back-tracking method is incorporated with the GAs.     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.