沥青老化评价指标分析及老化程度研究

通过研究沥青老化的过程及规律,在对现行规范中评价沥青老化的各项指标进行试验分析的基础上,回归了沥青的老化指标与老化时间之间的关系,采用综合指标来确定沥青老化的速率及界定老化的等级,为后期进行旧沥青再生及旧沥青混合料性能的改善时,根据沥青材料的老化程度,采用相应的再生措施。     

灰色模型在原油管道蜡沉积速率预测中的应用

为了对原油管道内蜡沉积速率进行准确预测,基于灰色GM(1,N)模型理论和建模思路,综合考虑了管壁处剪切应力、管壁处温度梯度、管壁处蜡分子浓度梯度和原油的动力黏度4个影响因素,建立了 GM(1,5)蜡沉积速率模型,并与黄启玉蜡沉积模型进行模型精度对比.结果表明:GM(1,5)蜡沉积速率模型的平均相对误差为2.955 5％...     

一种新型防水剂的性能研究

该新型防水剂产品能从根本上解决混凝土中毛细孔吸水问题,防止混凝土结构被氯离子渗透,从而防止钢筋锈蚀。对该防水剂的性能进行测试研究,综合测试其对砂浆和混凝土相关性能的影响;率先采用英国标准评价混凝土吸水率;并比对该新型防水剂与某国外同类成熟产品的相关性能。该防水剂对混凝土和砂浆的7 d和28 d抗压强度均有良好的增益效果,在不改变工作性能的情况下,能有效改善混凝土和砂浆的抗渗能力。     

Evaluation of risk attitude in the shipping freight market under uncertainty

ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this study is to examine how market participants take risks, in other words, what their risk attitude/preference is, and how their risk attitude could be related to the shipping freight and other markets. To address them, we calibrated the risk attitude of participants in shipping freight markets from 2007 to 2013, and provided an example of the application of risk attitude. For market participants, risk attitude/preference has an important role in understanding shipping freight markets and managing risks under uncertainty. However, risk attitude is not directly observable. To achieve this, we applied a framework that consists of structural model and calibration with market data. We interpreted risk attitude and confirmed that a structural break occurred around 2008 for the calibrated risk attitude parameter. The average risk attitude of market participants tended to be more risk-averse after 2010. We conducted an additional analysis to provide an example of the application of calibrated risk attitude, using structural equation modeling to calculate a latent variable that reflected other commodity markets. We compared the risk attitude parameter and the latent variable, and clarified the relationship between the risk attitude parameter and commodity markets.     

站台雨棚钢结构在锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估

考虑钢构件由锈蚀引起的几何削弱及材性退化,提出一种钢结构在锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估方法。通过引入大气腐蚀模型,采用锈蚀缺陷分析方法建立结构有限元模型,同时给出锈蚀钢材屈服应力比下降标准曲线得到结构剩余承载力准则。基于该评估方法,通过迭代计算构件的临界失重率,进而确定构件的损伤系数(耐久性指标)。结合算例阐述站台雨棚钢结构在大气均匀锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估流程。研究结果表明:站台雨棚整体结构的损伤系数随服役时间近似呈线性增长;均匀锈蚀引起的几何削弱与材性退化对结构整体的损伤系数几乎相同;该分析流程可为高铁站台雨棚在大气锈蚀作用下的耐久性评估提供参考。     

Modelling of the pavement acoustic longevity in Hong Kong through machine learning techniques

Traffic noise emission has long been a pervasive environmental and ecological problem, especially in the metropolitan cities with large-scale traffic network and high population density. Low noise road surface (LNRS) has been actively developed and applied as an effective measure to maintain the quieter environment of mobility service system. However, when LNRS is applied for noise abatement, the relationship between the acoustic performance and degradation of pavement has not been fully understood yet. To this end, this study aims to model the acoustic longevity of asphalt pavement as a function of the thickness, binder content, maximum aggregate size, and air void content of the pavement surface, as well as vehicle speed based on the long-term tyre-road noise data collected from 270 asphalt pavement sections in Hong Kong. Two machine learning techniques, namely artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM), were employed and compared. It was found that both ANN and SVM could successfully model the pavement acoustic performance with acceptable model performance metrics. A case study showed that the ANN model was more aligned with the aging mechanisms of porous road surface, but the SVM model showed better training performance. The predicted acoustic deterioration rates of the porous surface case varied from −0.1 to 0.28 dB(A)/month rather than keeping a constant linear increasing trend, depending on pavement ageing periods and vehicle speed levels. The two-dimension sensitivity analysis (2D-SA) revealed the relative importance of pavement age and vehicle speed in controlling the acoustic performance.     

降低东疆保税港周界安防系统误漏报率

周界安全防范技术能够对重要物品设施进行保护,避免出现盗窃和恶意破坏的行为。近年来随着安防行业的迅速发展以及港口周界对安防等级要求的不断提高,周界防范技术在港口的应用和需求也明显增长。本文对天津东疆保税港周界安防现状进行分析研究,提出了降低周界安防系统误漏报率的方法。     

浮动核电站安全壳泄漏率指标分配

[目的]为了探索船用堆安全壳整体和局部泄漏率水平,明确安全壳密封性试验验收准则标准,并开展安全壳周围舱室的气载放射性物质浓度分析。[方法]基于陆上核电站安全壳密封性试验标准,根据"标准分析-提出指标-验证指标"的总体思路,开展浮动核电站泄漏率指标分配、泄漏率计算和可行性分析研究。[结果]结果表明,设计基准事故工况下,浮动核电站安全壳整体泄漏率应控制在3‰/24 h左右,B类和C类贯穿件泄漏率分配分别占整体泄漏率的10%和50%;在试验工况下,安全壳整体泄漏率考虑25%的设计余量。[结论]泄漏率数值分析计算结果满足指标要求,并具有较好的设计余量,对明确安全壳密封性试验验收准则具有重要参考价值。     

Analysis on acoustic performance of floating raft vibration isolation system with liquid tank北大核心CSCD

［Objective］This paper aims to establish a dynamic model of a floating raft vibration isolation system with a liquid tank in order to study the mass effect of the liquid medium, tank form, structural stiffness and loading rate on acoustic performance. ［Methods］A floating raft system with a cuboidal or cylindrical liquid tank is taken as the research object, and a fluid-structure coupling finite element dynamic model is established. The dynamic force transmission rate and power flow are then used to evaluate the acoustic performance of the system. The influence of the mass effect of the liquid medium, tank form, structural stiffness and loading rate of tank volume on the acoustic performance of the floating raft system are analyzed.［Results］The results show similar laws obtained through the calculation and analysis of the floating raft system with two types of tanks. The structural stiffness of the tank affects the mass effect of the liquid medium in the tank to a certain extent. ［Conclusions］If full advantage is to be taken of the liquid mass effect in the tank with a large loading rate to improve the acoustic performance of the floating raft system, the design of the liquid tank and raft structure must have sufficient stiffness. In addition, under the condition that the floating raft structure has sufficient stiffness, its acoustic performance will improve significantly as the tank loading rate increases in the relevant low frequency range. © 2022 Journal of Clinical Hepatology. All rights reserved.