在建盾构隧道突发管片破损病害成因分析及治理措施研究北大核心CSCD

盾构法广泛应用于我国城市轨道交通隧道的建设中,盾构管片的病害问题也越发受到重视。文章针对某地铁在建盾构隧道突发管片破损病害,绘制了管片破损病害展布图,分析了相关资料和检测数据,明确了病害的成因机理,制定并实施了相应治理措施。研究结果表明:管片背后大范围空洞导致围岩对隧道的约束不足,引起已成型隧道在盾构机反推力和扭矩、同步注浆浆液浮力、刀盘水土压力和扭矩等作用下发生类压杆弯扭失稳是导致该病害的主要原因;隧道变形监测数据表明"背后注浆填充+破损部位修复"两阶段治理措施取得了良好的治理效果;盾构隧道施工过程中,应严格管控同步注浆质量,防止隧道轴线偏移引起盾构管片发生开裂破损等病害。     

潜艇非稳态流场计算流体力学不确定度分析

依照ITTC推荐规程对美国DARPA潜艇模型SUBOFF光体在不考虑自由表面情况下的CFD计算进行不确定度分析。选取中间尺度的时间步长,验证中采用细、中、粗三套网格。在最精细的网格上进行不同时间步长的研究。最后对潜艇表面压力计算进行确认。     

盾构施工筹划原则及影响因素分析

以北京地铁4号线11合同段(灵境胡同-新街口)四站三区间的盾构施工筹划为例,重点分析影响盾构施工筹划的因素;以方案比较的方法,介绍了确定三区间总体筹划方案的详细过程.     

浅谈城市公共交通存在的问题及建议——以兰州市为例

目前,城市公共交通中存在很多问题,单纯依靠道路建设和交通管理来扩大路网供应能力不能解决交通拥挤问题,交通需求总是趋于超过道路供给。如果没有有效的措施来抑制个体交通的拥有和使用,将导致城市交通的全面恶化。因此,在完善道路网络的同时,必须尽快建立有竞争力的公共交通体系,支持城市的可持续发展。     

水泥混凝土裂缝成因的分析与处理

水泥混凝土产生裂缝是目前工程建设中普遍存在的质量通病,对裂缝的成因进行分析并提出预防措施和处理方法．是一项十分重要的工作。     

Comparative Analysis of Calculation Methods for Jacking Force of Jacking Pipes北大核心CSCD

Jacking force is the most important parameter in jacking pipe engineering, and reasonable calculation of jacking forces plays an important role in safe and smooth pipe jacking construction. There are many calculation methods for pipe jacking force at present, and the calculation results may be affected to some extent by different cal⁃ culation methods. For this reason, calculation methods of jacking force (frictional resistance) were collected and a comparative analysis was conducted with aspects to the advantages, disadvantages and applicabilities. The results show that as for the jacking force calculated by empirical formulae, the soil layer classifications corresponding to giv⁃ en frictional force per unit area and relevant factors to be considered are different, and the values of frictional force per unit area between pipe and soil in the same soil layer are also different; as for the jacking force calculated by theo⁃ retical formulae, the calculation methods for vertical earth pressure at crown are different and much effected by the pipe buried depth; as for the jacking force calculated by numerical simulation, the selected theories for the simula⁃ tion program and the construction factors to be considered during simulation are different. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

The role of volume-delay functions in forecasting and evaluating congestion charging schemes: the Stockholm case

This paper uses observations from before and during the Stockkholm congestion charging trial in order to validate and improve a transportation model for Stockholm. The model overestimates the impact of the charges on traffic volumes while at the same time it substantially underestimates the impact on travel times. These forecast errors lead to considerable underestimation of economic benefits which are dominated by travel time savings. The source of error lies in the static assignment that is used in the model. Making the volume-delay functions (VDFs) steeper only marginally improves the quality of forecast but strongly impacts the result of benefit calculations. We therefore conclude that the dynamic assignment is crucial for an informed decision on introducing measures aimed at relieving congestion. However, in the absence of such a calibrated dynamic model for a city, we recommend that at least a sensitivity analysis with respect to the slope of VDFs is performed.     

LNG卸料臂与船对接法兰面泄漏分析

LNG卸料臂是LNG卸载过程中最重要的设备之一,而卸载过程中卸料臂与船对接法兰面最易发生泄漏,因此避免其泄漏很重要。文中以某LNG接收站为例,简要介绍卸料臂预冷流程;对曾经发生过的泄漏展开分析,结果发现预冷速度过快是造成对接法兰面泄漏的主要原因;提出了相应的改进措施。改进之后,此LNG接收站卸船期间再未出现卸料臂与船对接法兰面泄漏的问题。     

探讨危旧桥梁加固的有关技术问题

随着国家经济建设脚步的加快,路桥的建设技术也在不断的进步,危旧桥梁的加固处理也成为桥梁建设的热点话题之一。因为公路车流量的增多,在上世纪末建设的桥梁一直都存在过载使用的问题,过多的重型车辆对危旧桥梁的使用也是一项巨大的考验。在一些使用年限比较久的桥梁中,出现了桥体老化现象。本文就危旧桥梁加固的有关技术问题进行了探讨。     

Bush-based sensitivity analysis for approximating subnetwork diversion

Subnetwork analysis is often used in traffic assignment problems to reduce the size of the network being analyzed, with a corresponding decrease in computation time. This is particularly important in network design, second-best pricing, or other bilevel problems in which many equilibrium runs must be solved as a subproblem to a master optimization program. A fixed trip table based on an equilibrium path flow solution is often used, but this ignores important attraction and diversion effects as drivers (globally) change routes in response to (local) subnetwork changes. This paper presents an approach for replacing a regional network with a smaller one, containing all of the subnetwork, and zones. Artificial arcs are created to represent “all paths” between each origin and subnetwork boundary node, under the assumption that the set of equilibrium routes does not change. The primary contribution of the paper is a procedure for estimating a cost function on these artificial arcs, using derivatives of the equilibrium travel times between the end nodes to create a Taylor series. A bush-based representation allows rapid calculation of these derivatives. Two methods for calculating these derivatives are presented, one based on network transformations and resembling techniques used in the analysis of resistive circuits, and another based on iterated solution of a nested set of linear equations. These methods are applied to two networks, one small and artificial, and the other a regional network representing the Austin, Texas metropolitan area. These demonstrations show substantial improvement in accuracy as compared to using a fixed table, and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach.