基于灰色—小波神经网络的有效泊位预测

针对停车场有效停车泊位的变化特征,提出了基于灰色—小波神经网络的组合模型.先通过灰色单因素预测模型对有效停车泊位时间序列进行修正处理,再基于分步式小波神经网络模型对修正预测值进行运算,并通过马克科夫链预测模型得到更精确的预测区间,并利用实际案例分析,对模型的预测精度、稳定性、拟合度和训练时间进行了评价.研究表明,灰色—小波神经网络预测模型可降低初始数据波动性的干扰,与传统神经网络相比,预测结果误差波动性降低了10%~19%,稳定性提高了27%~33%,拟合度提高了10%~15%,精确度明显提高.     

船舶柴油机气缸套凸肩裂纹原因分析

分析柴油机故障中常见的机体裂纹故障原因,认为由于设计缺陷和管理及操作不当,易造成船舶柴油机缸体上的裂纹多发生在气缸套凸肩处。如不及时处理这些裂纹和故障,就会造成缸套的裂纹直至出现缸套漏水等严重后果,针对NANTAIQUEEN轮柴油机对该类型故障的检修提出具体措施。     

无线CBTC系统列车自动停站对位分析

介绍了ATO硬件设备及ATO连续制动定位停车原理,从车载ATO和轨旁ATP硬件设备以及软件角度深入分析了车站定位停车的各个操作状态(制动、预对准、停站等)和判定机制。此外,简要介绍了信号系统实时控制列车运行的自适应PI控制器算法。     

基于用地和交通特征的停车需求预测模型

为了解决城市停车难问题,对停车需求进行合理预测,考虑目前日益紧张的土地资源和快速增长的交通流量,分析了用地与交通影响预测模型建立的基本原理,采用用地特征函数描述了土地使用性质与停车生成率之间的关系,采用交通影响函数分析了路网流量增长率和停车率对停车需求的影响,在此基础上建立了停车需求预测模型。利用开发的软件系统,根据典型区域的土地资源规划和道路交通调查数据,进行了城市停车需求预测。预测结果表明:随着时间的变化,在各种因素影响下,停车需求近5 a增长较缓慢,而在随后的5 a中停车需求快速增长,且日停车需求量的增长速度明显高于高峰小时的增长速度。     

Calculation of vaulted magnetic field above ship using equivalent surface magnetic charge北大核心CSCD

[目的]为了获得舰船上方不同高度平面磁场数据,解决舰船上方拱顶磁场推算到平面磁场的问题,提出用面磁荷法进行舰船上方的磁场推算。[方法]从等效源理论出发,利用拱顶磁场数据进行反演建模,将舰船磁场等效为面磁荷产生的磁场,用面磁荷正演舰船上方的磁场。将面磁荷法推算出的磁场与舰船实际磁场进行对比,验证面磁荷法的可行性。[结果]通过数值仿真计算,舰船磁场垂直分量推算的相对均方根误差为0.44%;利用磁性船模进行实验分析,磁场垂直分量推算的相对均方根误差为7.64%。[结论]仿真和船模实验分析表明,利用面磁荷法进行磁场推算,其推算值与测量值较为吻合,推算的相对均方根误差较小,具有较高的精度,可用于实际工程计算。     

Development a new power management strategy for power split hybrid electric vehicles

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission and fuel consumption as one of the main goals of automotive industry leading to the development hybrid vehicles. The objective of this paper is to investigate the energy management system and control strategies effect on fuel consumption, air pollution and performance of hybrid vehicles in various driving cycles. In order to simulate the hybrid vehicle, the combined feedback–feedforward architecture of the power-split hybrid electric vehicle based on Toyota Prius configuration is modeled, together with necessary dynamic features of subsystem or components in ADVISOR. Multi input fuzzy logic controller developed for energy management controller to improve the fuel economy of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle with contrast to conventional Toyota Prius Hybrid rule-based controller. Then, effects of battery’s initial state of charge, driving cycles and road grade investigated on hybrid vehicle performance to evaluate fuel consumption and pollution emissions. The simulation results represent the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control strategy. Also, results indicate that proposed controller is reduced fuel consumption in real and modal driving cycles about 21% and 6% respectively.     

抗氯盐硅酸盐水泥的研制与在洋山港中的应用

在综合考虑耐久性、收缩以及水化热等性能情况下,优选出水泥熟料和混合材料,并掺加适量石膏,研制出用于配制海工高性能混凝土用特种水泥——抗氯盐硅酸盐水泥。用其配制的高性能混凝土按A STM C 1202-97标准的6 h电通量小于1 000 C,按NT BU ILD 443标准的氯离子扩散系数小于10×1-0 13m2/s,抗氯盐硅酸盐水泥具有较低的水化热。实际工程应用表明,抗氯盐硅酸盐水泥混凝土耐久性等性能满足设计要求。     

DJ2型机车停放制动控制方式设计改进

介绍了DJ2型机车为实现不停车微机复位功能而对停放制动控制系统进行的改进设计,阐述了改进后的原理及操作方法,并结合现场应用实际给出优化建议。     

Effect of parking information on travelers' knowledge and behavior

In many urban centers the demand for parking increases sharply before Christmas mainly due to shopping activity — causing parking congestion. One way to ameliorate such congestion is by disseminating parking information. Informed drivers may divert to relatively under-utilized parking facilities relieving the pressure on congested facilities. The City of Nottingham in England tested a real-time parking information system designed to alleviate congestion in the City Center parking facilities. Real-time information was disseminated through the radio, while historical information regarding parking locations was disseminated through newspaper advertisements and leaflets. The objective of this study is to assess impacts of the parking information system on travelers' knowledge and decisions.Survey research was used to understand traveler response. Respondents' levels of knowledge regarding car parks were analyzed by developing Poisson regression models. Drivers were more likely to have greater knowledge of city center car parks if they used several information sources (radio broadcasts, newspaper advertisements or leaflets and word-of-mouth), were active seekers of parking information, and searched for parking rather than going directly to a parking facility. In addition, the study of behavior showed that drivers were more inclined to use the relatively under-utilized Park-and-Ride facilities instead of the city center car parks if they received parking information from Newspaper advertisements/leaflets. Overall, the parking information service in Nottingham was effective; it seems reasonable to establish such information dissemination and monitoring systems at parking facilities in other urban areas. Furthermore, to support informed travel and activity participation decisions, parking information should be integrated with traffic and transit information.     

城际铁路到发线有效长研究

根据到发线有效长的原始定义,提出影响城际铁路到发线有效长的4个组成因素———列车长度、停车余量、安全防护距离、警冲标至绝缘节的距离。针对这4项影响因素逐项进行详细分析,并结合城际铁路设计实际在有到发线中间站、无到发线中间站及尽头式终点站3种车站布置形式下进行实例计算,初步得到了城际铁路到发线在不同组织模式下的有效长度,得出了城际铁路中间站不同布置形式下的到发线有效长。。