节理岩体中隧道开挖后渗流场重分布影响因素研究

在富水地区的节理岩体中开挖隧道会打破原有的渗流平衡,形成新的渗流场,造成突水等灾害。考虑流固耦合作用,运用离散元理论,建立垂直交叉节理岩体模型,以洞周测点的流量为指标,从地应力、水位高度和节理法向刚度等方面进行隧道开挖后节理岩体渗流场重分布的影响因素研究,并从开挖前后节理隙宽和水压力变化分析影响产生的原因,结论可为进一步研究围岩稳定性和突水灾害等提供参考。     

基于分子动力学的车流运行动态特性及其模型

车辆跟驰行为受前导车和道路环境等的影响,将车辆抽象成相互作用的分子,基于分子动力学构建相互作用势函数,建立基于相互作用势函数的分子跟驰模型.采集试验路段不同点位的交通流样本,从视频中获得所需数据,并对加速度波动特性进行分析.将车辆运行状态分为常态行驶,起动加速和减速停车3种,根据实测交通数据对3种车辆运行状态进行模型参数标定,同时对分子跟驰模型进行稳定性分析验证,结果表明,相对于经典GM模型,分子跟驰模型稳定性更好,对实际交通状态拟合程度更高.     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation and experiment on strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions

A constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based Cartesian grid method for strongly nonlinear wave–body interaction problems is presented and validated by a newly designed experiment, which is performed in a two-dimensional wave channel. In the experiment, a floating body that has a rectangular section shape is used. A superstructure is installed on the deck and a small floating-body freeboard is adopted in order to easily obtain water-on-deck phenomena. A forced oscillation test in heave and a wave–body interaction test are carried out. The numerical simulation is performed by the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, which is described in this paper. The CIP scheme is applied in the Cartesian grid-based flow solver. New improvements of the method include an interface-capturing method that applies the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing (THINC) scheme and a virtual particle method for the floating body. The efficiency of the THINC scheme is shown by a dam-breaking computation. Numerical simulations on the experimental problem for both the forced oscillation test and the wave–body interaction test are carried out, and the results are compared to the measurements. All of the comparisons are reasonably good. It is shown, based on the numerical examples, that the present CIP-based Cartesian grid method is an accurate and efficient method for predicting strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions.     

沉箱结构的有限元分析

某码头为大直径圆沉箱重力墩式结构,应用大型有限元分析软件ANSYS,对沉箱结构建立三维有限元模型,分别按考虑地基与沉箱作用和不考虑地基与沉箱作用进行计算。计算与分析结果表明,2种算法上部结构的计算结果相近,不考虑沉箱与地基共同作用的底板内力过于保守。     

桩-土作用在大型旅客站房基础设计中的应用

当大型旅客站房基础与地下出站通道重叠时,由于地下出站通道刚度大、结构超长,且属半露天地下结构,对温度作用变化明显,利用传统的刚性固结模型对站房基础进行设计时较难得到合理的结果或造成巨大的浪费。论述桩-土作用机理的复杂性,并对桩-土作用力学模型进行分析。通过分布弹簧模型对旅客站房在温度作用下的结构内力进行分析,并与刚性固结模型计算结果进行对比,得出旅客站房基础设计考虑桩-土作用的合理化计算模式。     

填料性能对预应力锚拉式桩板墙影响的数值分析

预应力锚拉式桩板墙是一种得到广泛应用的新型支挡结构,本文通过建立耦合分析数值模型对桩板墙的受力特征进行了有限元分析。通过分析了解填料的力学参数(变形模量、摩擦角、粘聚力)对桩板墙位移、弯矩、土压力以及锚固端接触应力和自由段轴力的变化。揭示填料力学性能对预应力锚拉式桩板墙的影响,为类似工程的设计提供参考。     

单桩荷载传递法修正计算分析

基于层状地基采用双曲线模型为荷载传递函数,提出了用Mindlin解和桩土共同作用的联合方法对荷载传递法的进行修正,并计算分析了单桩承载特性。将Lee的方法与双曲线荷载传递函数相结合使得Lee方法中考虑土体横向连续性的优点得以发挥。将横向连续性与竖向连续性修正相结合得到修正荷载传递法,用编制的计算机程序进行了工程实例的计算,结果表明,计算结果与实测值较为接近,其土层的平均SPT值较小,土体较容易产生变形,当试验荷载较高时,可能造成桩周土与桩身之间的滑移。修正荷载传递法与未修正和仅进行竖向修正的荷载传递法相比具有一定的精确性,能更好地反映单桩承载特性,且适用于群桩的分析计算。     

复合地基桩土应力比浅析

对于复合地基来说,地基承载力的确定至关重要,它是设计复合地基时必须考虑的一个重要因素。研究采用了搅拌桩复合地基及管桩复合地基进行软基加固处理,通过在这两个加固区设置静土压力盒来掌握桩土压力的变化情况,进而分析复合地基承载力的传递性状,并推荐了合适的桩土应力比数值。这不论是对复合地基承载力传递性状的分析研究,还是对工程实践,都是非常有意义的。     

大直径嵌岩灌注桩水平荷载试验研究

桩在水平荷载作用下的受力性状是一个复杂的桩土相互作用过程。本文结合工程实例,通过现场水平静载试验,实测得到了水平荷载作用下大直径嵌岩灌注桩桩土共同作用时的工作性状,分析了桩体水平力、位移与时程关系、水平力与位移梯度关系、临界承载力以及地基土的水平抗力比例系数。试验结果可为今后同类桩的设计与研究提供参考。建议采用位移控制设计桩基础。     

Tractor-semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid-fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor-semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid-fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker's volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker's walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid-fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.