气泡混合轻质土在地铁高填方路基中的应用

以重庆地铁涂山车辆段高填方路基工程为例,介绍气泡混合轻质土在用地狭小受限地段的应用实例,提出气泡混合轻质土填筑地铁路基的设计要点并进行稳定性验算,通过分析肯定了气泡混合轻质土的耐久性,提出气泡混合轻质土填筑地铁高填方路基的施工及质量控制要求。相对于桩板式挡墙和结构混凝土架空等传统处理方式,气泡混合轻质土填筑地铁受限高填方路基具有施工方便、节约投资、缩短工期的优点,且质量可控度高。     

加筋水泥土桩在既有重载铁路路基加固中的应用研究

由于路基病害及运能提高等因素,部分既有重载铁路路基强度已无法满足当下运营需求,需要进行加固处理。为了不影响既有重载铁路的正常运营,提出用水平旋喷加筋水泥土桩加固既有重载铁路路基的加固措施。结合朔黄线某路基现场试验段,介绍该加固措施的施工机具、施工工艺、操作参数、施工质量控制措施及施工安全注意事项。通过现场试验,证实了采用水平旋喷加筋水泥土桩加固既有重载铁路路基是可行的,施工期间线路正常运营,施工便捷,加固效果好。     

基于轮轴速度传感器和加速度传感器的混合测速测距算法研究

为避免单一轮轴速度传感器在测速测距中存在的问题,设计了一种基于轮轴速度传感器和加速度传感器的混合测速测距算法。经过实验室仿真环境测试,证明该算法能有效地检测出列车是否出现空转或滑行,并保证在列车发生空转或滑行后的测速测距误差能够满足车载控制器对测速测距精度的需求。     

铁路集装箱堆场混堆区箱位分配优化模型与算法

针对铁路集装箱堆场混堆区中的零散箱箱位分配问题,在集装箱到达时间和离开时间已知的条件下,建立一个计划期内以倒箱次数最少为目标的多时段动态集装箱堆场箱位分配模型。在计划期内将每时段起重机作业按顺序划分为提箱和卸车两个过程,采用5组0-1变量刻画两种作业、作业前后集装箱的状态以及箱位的状态,由此建立非线性0-1规划模型。考虑到模型所刻画的问题具有NP-hard性质,设计遗传算法求解。算例表明:该模型及算法能够有效地优化堆场内零散箱的箱位分配,提高集装箱堆场的作业效率。     

基于有限混合单元法的斜拉桥塔端锚固构造应力分析

为研究斜拉索塔端锚固构造在索力作用下的应力分布情况,采用整体计算得到最不利荷载工况,并将产生最大索力的斜拉索对应位置的塔端锚固构造作为分析对象,采用有限混合单元法对某独塔斜拉桥进行了计算分析,得到了索塔钢管壁和钢锚梁各部位的应力情况。     

多品种混流生产管理系统在柴油发动机生产中的应用及发展

应用计算机进行柔性化管理,实现了小批量多品种混流生产,满足了生产线装配不同系列不同机型发动机的需要。并对计算机多品种混流生产管理系统的拓展应用进行了前瞻。     

Mixed RP/SP models incorporating interaction effects

In order to analyse the impact of a new train service in Cagliari (Italy) a databank including information from a revealed preference (RP) and a stated preference (SP) survey was set up. The RP data concern choice between car, bus and train; the SP data consider the binary choice between a new train service (quicker, more frequent, with a lower fare and more stations than the current one) and the alternative currently chosen by car and bus users. Logit models allowing for correlation among RP alternatives were estimated for this mixed RP/SP data set using the artificial tree structure method. The analysis included level-of-service variables measured with an unusually high level of precision, latent or second order variables (such as comfort), inertia and interaction variables. Different specifications of the utility function were tested, including the expenditure rate model, and the effects of these specifications on modelling results are highlighted. Our results show that for a population mainly composed of fixed income workers, the expenditure rate model is superior to the traditional wage rate model, yielding lower and more significant subjective values of time. Moreover, we found that the non-linear specifications appear to be more suitable as not only better model results were obtained, but also the real distribution of the error terms was revealed (i.e. highlighting correlation among public transport options).     

蒸汽动力系统在不同工况下的凝水分配协调性分析

[目的]为满足蒸汽动力系统在不同工况下的使用要求,需开展凝水分配协调性分析和管路优化设计。[方法]基于Flowmaster仿真计算软件,建立凝水系统的管网仿真模型,分析低工况和高工况下的凝水系统压力和流量分配情况,并相应提出降低水柜安装高度和调整系统管路连接方式这2种优化设计方案。[结果]计算结果表明:在低工况下,当凝水系统中节流阀开度30%、循环阀开度45%时,储水量最大为0.128(归一化处理结果),当节流阀开度小于13%时,凝水系统将无法实现储水功能;在高工况下,当凝水系统中节流阀开度90%、循环阀开度18%时,储水量最大为0.404,且凝水系统的分配协调性更好;2种优化设计方案均可有效改善低工况下凝水系统的分配协调性。[结论]研究成果可为实船凝水系统的管路优化设计提供参考。     

共建“厂中校”，探索“校企双主体”人才培养模式

企业和学院共为主体，“校企双主体”联合培养人才。利用企校联合在企业建设的“厂中校”作为培养基地，把“教室和实训室搬到生产车间”去，让“专业入企业”，改革传统教学模式与教学形态，校企共同制订人才培养方案，实现学生能力在实践中得到提高，企业获得人才，学院完成高技能人才培养的目标。     

Theme Issue 30(2): "Economics of Marine Protected Areas"

Most Florida manatees depend on localized warm-water refuges in the southern two-thirds of Florida to survive winter; about 60% use outfalls from 10 power plants, whereas 15% use 4 natural warm-water springs. Future availability of these refuges is in doubt; most of these power plants may be retired within the next 20 years and groundwater withdrawals for human use threaten natural springs. This article examines possible effects on manatees from losing major warm-water refuges and alternative management actions. Because of manatee site-fidelity patterns, plant retirements may increase cold-stress-related deaths and significantly decrease manatee abundance. A forward-looking management strategy is urgently needed before decisions are made to retire plants now used by large numbers of manatees. Possible management alternatives include: gradually weaning manatees off plant outfalls, maintaining the flow of springs now used by manatees, enhancing access to suitable warm-water springs now little used or unused by manatees, constructing new non-industry dependent warm-water refuges, and creating new thermal basins to retain warm-water pockets able to support overwintering manatees.