正交分析改性条件对谷壳吸附Cr^6＋的影响

为保护环境和节约成本,应用来源广泛的农林废弃物谷壳作为重金属离子的吸附剂处理污水。采用酸性甲醛对谷壳进行改性,增加活性基团,提高其对重金属离子的吸附率。通过正交试验,探讨谷壳粒径、改性温度、改性时间、改性剂用量等因素对改性效果的影响。试验结果表明：在谷壳粒径为160目,改性温度为80℃,改性时间为3h,3g谷壳改性荆用量为70mL条件下,对浓度为10mg／L的Cr^6＋去除率较高,可达63．8％。研究可为农林废弃物吸附专会属离平的改性对程弄口雷合羼离平的处理捂棋一定参考依据．     

酸性溶液作用下砂岩损伤时效特性机制分析

为探究酸性溶液作用下砂岩损伤时效特征，以高黎贡山隧道岩溶段砂岩为试验研究对象，借助扫描电镜和XRD衍射试验分析酸性溶液对砂岩宏观形貌、缺陷形态、孔隙结构、矿物组成成分以及孔隙率的改造作用，在不同浸泡时间节点对不同溶液中砂岩试件的质量、尺寸及三轴抗压强度等进行测量。试验结果表明： 1）溶液pH越低，同一时间节点内试件的孔隙率、质量和尺寸相对变化越大，且在各溶液中初期变化速率达到最快，后期均呈平稳趋势； 2）在围压20 MPa条件下，与pH=7的溶液中49 d的岩样相比，pH=1的溶液中试件的三轴峰值抗压强度累计降低20.98%，其下降速率随时间推移而减缓，黏聚力与内摩擦角均随时间增加呈下降趋势，且黏聚力对酸性溶液的敏感程度高于内摩擦角； 3）在酸性溶液侵蚀作用下，试件内长石与方解石等组成成分大量消耗致使试件微观结构改变，且随着溶液pH值降低，试样孔隙间距增大，胶结物消耗加剧，溶蚀孔洞及微裂隙发育较好。     

3-吗啉丙磺酸缓冲的生理盐溶液的配制及pH稳定性

目的配制以3-吗啉丙磺酸和Na2HPO4为缓冲对的生理盐溶液(MOPS液),并观察其pH稳定性及对大鼠离体血管张力的影响。方法配制MOPS液和Krebs液及其母液,分别给MOPS液或Krebs液通O2或950mL/L O2+50mL/L CO2,用pH计测定pH值,用张力描记仪记录大鼠离体血管的张力。结果 MOPS液和K+-MOPS液14d内的pH变化为(7.32±0.04)～(7.51±0.04),基本恒定;Krebs液和K+-Krebs液随时间延长,pH由7.40±0.01逐渐升至8.41±0.04。通气速度对MOPS液的pH影响小,变化范围为(7.24±0.04)～(7.39±0.00);Krebs液对通气速度敏感,在15～60个气泡/min,pH的变化范围在(6.81±0.07)～(8.33±0.02)之间,波动范围较大。在相同通气速度下MOPS液和Krebs液体积的变化对其pH影响小。大鼠离体的肠系膜动脉、脑基底动脉和冠状动脉在MOPS液中能产生良好的收缩。结论 MOPS液具有pH稳定、放置时间长、通气容易掌握,并且应用成本低的优点,可用于哺乳动物离体组织、器官如血管等实验。     

茴香枳术汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠血浆D-乳酸的影响

目的观察茴香枳术汤对粘连性肠梗阻大鼠血浆D-乳酸的影响,了解其在粘连性肠梗阻的作用机制。方法制备大鼠粘连性肠梗阻模型,随机分为正常组、模型组、大承气汤组及茴香枳术汤低(1.13 g/mL)、中(2.25 g/mL)、高(3.38 g/mL)剂量组。给予药物治疗后第3、5、7天,共3个时间点,每时间点6只;股动脉取血,Brandt法测定血浆D-乳酸含量。结果与正常组比较,模型组血浆D-乳酸含量显著增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,大承气汤组及茴香枳术汤低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组血浆D-乳酸含量显著下降(P<0.01)。结论茴香枳术汤有很好的治疗粘连性肠梗阻的作用。其主要作用与恢复肠屏障功能有关。     

The effects of Fumaderm(R) on immunological function and cytokines in a rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Fumaderm in Freund' complete adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in Spraque-Dawley rats. Methods Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) was established by intradermal injection of 0.1 mL of Freund' complete adjuvant (CFA) in the palmar surface of the right hindpaw and Fumaderm was delivered by oral gavage for 28 days. After CFA injection, the edema of the hindpaw was determined every two days. On 28 days after CFA injection, the lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood and the cytokines were determined by flow cytometry, meanwhile the histopathological examination of ankle-joints of the animals was performed. Results Fumaderm had a significant therapeutic effect on AIA. The hindpaw swelling was reduced significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The ratio of peripheral blood T lymphocytes was improved obviously. Multiparameter cytokine analysis from peripheral blood CD4+ T cells showed a decrease of proinflammatory cytokines and an increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines in Fumaderm treated animals. A strongly reduced inflammatory response in the joint synovium was observed. Conclusion Fumaderm has potential anti-inflammatory effects on AIA rats. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the clinical effect observed in the AIA model.     

Electrocatalytic oxidation and determination of dopamine at a carbon ionic liquid electrode modified with nafion-L-aspartic acid composite film

The electrocatalytic oxidation of dopamine (DA) was studied by electrochemical approaches at a carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE) modified with the composite film of nafion and L-aspartic acid (NL-CILE). The CILE was fabricated by replacing non-conductive organic binders with a room-temperature hydrophobic ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The composite film of NL was used as matrix to adsorb DA and catalyze the oxidation of DA in phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The electrochemical response of DA was investigated at the NL-CILE, the traditional carbon paste electrode (TCPE), CILE and the nafion modified CILE (N-CILE) in 0.1M PBS (pH 7.4), respectively. The results showed the superiority of NL-CILE to N-CILE, CILE and TCPE in terms of provision of higher sensitivity, faster electron transfer and better reversibility. Under optimum condition, the oxidation peak current was rectilinear with DA concentration range from 0.1μM to 0.1mM, with a detection limit of 0.03μM (S/N=3) by differential pulse voltammetry. The proposed method was applied to determine DA in samples successfully.     

Oleanolic acid-induced apoptosis and its relation with intracellular calcium in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells

Objective To investigate the effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on apoptosis, correlation between apoptosis and intracellular calcium, and its mechanism in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were incubated in vitro and assigned with OA concentrations of 0, 10, 20 and 40μg/mL. The apoptosis status of A549 cell line was detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI by flow cytometry (FCM); fluorescence intensity (FI) of A549 cells was assessed and the level of intracellular calcium was calculated at 24 hour of OA intervention. The relation between apoptosis and calcium FI was illustrated by curve fitting. Results FCM showed that 10, 20 and 40μg/mL of OA could induce A549 cell apoptosis, which followed a concentration-effect pattern; 24-hour intervention with 20μg/mL and 40μg/mL OA showed increased A549 cell apoptosis, and was significantly different from that with 0μg/mL OA (P<0.01). The FI of intracellular calcium concentration in 10, 20 and 40μg/mL OA groups was significantly higher than that in 0μg/mL group after 24 hours' intervention, and the FI showed a trend of increase with increased OA concentration (P<0.01). Curve fitting showed a significant correlation between apoptosis rate and intracellular calcium concentration in A549 cells (r=0.981, P<0.01). Regression equation was Y=0.508X-1.627. Conclusion OA plays a role in inducing apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The OA-induced apoptosis is responsible for intracellular calcium overload of the tumor.     

多聚磷酸改性沥青的性能研究

对多聚磷酸改性沥青性能进行了研究。首先进行了多聚磷酸改性沥青胶结料的性能试验,包括针入度试验、软化点试验、直接拉伸试验和动态剪切流变试验。结果表明,采用多聚磷酸改性后,沥青胶结料的高温性能和低温性能得到了提高。然后进行了多聚磷酸改性沥青混合料的路用性能试验,包括车辙试验、弯曲破坏试验和水稳定性试验,结果表明混合料的高温和低温性能得到了提高,但是水稳定性不够,添加抗剥落剂后,混合料的水稳定性达到了规范要求。通过时多聚磷酸改性沥青的经济分析表明,采用多聚磷酸改性沥青是非常经济的。     

枫糖对小鼠抗运动疲劳能力的影响

目的探讨枫糖对小鼠抗运动疲劳能力的影响。方法40只昆明种小白鼠被随机分成正常对照组、枫糖低剂量组(1.25g/kg)、中剂量组(2.50g/kg)和高剂量组(5.00g/kg),连续灌胃30d。各组小白鼠游泳10min,于游泳0min、游泳10min及休息30min后采取小鼠的血液,检测血红蛋白、血乳酸及血清尿素氮。小鼠处死后,取骨骼肌和肝脏,测定肌糖原和肝糖原的含量。结果枫糖3个剂量组与正常对照组比较血清尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05);低剂量组(1.25g/kg)与正常对照组比较游泳10min及休息30min体内血乳酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),中剂量组(2.50g/kg)、高剂量组(5.00g/kg)与正常对照组比较游泳0min血乳酸含量显著升高(P<0.05);枫糖各剂量组与正常对照组比较血乳酸平均上升速率显著降低(P<0.05);枫糖各剂量组与正常对照组比较肌糖原和肝糖原的含量显著增加(P<0.05)。结论枫糖通过降低血清尿素氮、血乳酸含量及其上升速率,增加肌糖原和肝糖原含量来提高小白鼠抗运动疲劳能力。     

蒙脱石吸附尿酸和降低血尿酸的作用

目的研究蒙脱石吸附尿酸和降低血尿酸的作用。方法用离体实验研究蒙脱石对尿酸的吸附作用;用小鼠高尿酸血症模型研究蒙脱石降低血尿酸的作用;用磷钨酸还原法测定尿酸含量。结果蒙脱石在模拟肠液中对尿酸具有较强的吸附作用,且其吸附作用有明显的浓度依赖关系;同一浓度的蒙脱石(20g/L)对不同浓度的尿酸的吸附率差别不大;时效曲线显示其吸附作用快,半小时内吸附率超过60%,1h后基本达到平衡;在酸性环境中(pH2-6)吸附率高,碱性环境下(pH8-10)吸附率下降。尿酸灌胃小鼠的血尿酸浓度和肠道中的尿酸浓度均随着蒙脱石灌胃剂量的增加而下降;通过腹腔注射尿酸造成急性高尿酸血症模型,灌胃的蒙脱石组的血尿酸浓度明显低于模型组。结论蒙脱石有显著的吸附尿酸作用,并能降低高尿酸血症模型小鼠的血尿酸水平。