全反式维甲酸对肾间质纤维化大鼠肾间质巨噬细胞浸润的影响

目的探讨全反式维甲酸(all-trans-retinoic acid,at-RA)对肾间质纤维化大鼠肾间质巨噬细胞浸润的影响。方法采用单侧输尿管结扎(unilateral ureteral obstructive,UUO)大鼠模型。40只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、苯那普利组、维甲酸小剂量组、维甲酸大剂量组。于造模前1 d至造模后14 d分别给予维甲酸小剂量组、维甲酸大剂量组、苯那普利组全反式维甲酸10 mg/(kg.d)2、0 mg/(kg.d)和苯那普利10 mg/(kg.d)。假手术组、模型组给予等量的生理盐水。用免疫组化染色观察肾间质巨噬细胞数和Ⅲ型胶原(collagenⅢ,ColⅢ)的表达。并常规行HE和Masson染色观察肾小管间质损伤指数。结果维甲酸和苯那普利均能显著抑制肾间质巨噬细胞的浸润(P<0.01),并且减低肾小管间质损伤指数和ColⅢ的表达(P<0.05)。结论维甲酸及苯那普利可能通过抑制肾间质巨噬细胞浸润而减轻UUO大鼠的肾损害。     

Cooperation of Science and Management for Harmful Algal Blooms: Domoic Acid and the Washington Coast Razor Clam Fishery

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) may be increasing in frequency and intensity worldwide. Coastal economies suffer significant income losses when fisheries or beaches are closed to protect human health and subsistence fishing communities are at risk. Despite these hardships, managers must often conservatively close harvests across a wide area or for long periods, because they lack scientific information that would allow them to predict HAB events. The outer coast of Washington State has experienced several closures of the razor clam (Siliqua patula) fishery starting in 1991, due to domoic acid (DA) contamination caused by toxic blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. Improved science-based management was needed to minimize the impact of DA on this fishery and the coastal communities that relied on it for income, tourism, and subsistence. The Olympic Region Harmful Algal Bloom (ORHAB) Partnership, comprised of state and tribal managers, scientists, and local stakeholders, evolved in response to this need; it has been successful in its mission. Here we examine ORHAB through the lens of the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, in order to identify key factors contributing to its success. The relevance of our findings for other ORHAB-like institutions in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere is discussed.     

酸雨侵蚀下的水泥石组成变化分析

采用EDTA容量法、动物胶凝聚重量法、碘量法和X射线衍射分析纯水泥、掺矿粉、粉煤灰以及掺有SBR的水泥石的化学和矿物组成。研究结果表明:在考虑实际酸雨组成和自然气候因素的模拟条件下,水泥石中CaO和SO3组分的相对含量大幅度降低;SiO2,Fe2O3和Al2O3组分的相对含量大量增加;侵蚀后的水泥石中原来存在的物质Ca(OH)2,C-S-H凝胶,水化铝酸钙和水化铁酸钙凝胶等消失,没有发现钙矾石、硫酸钙等膨胀性物质大量生成,而SiO2以晶相存在;酸雨对水泥石的侵蚀是Ca(OH)2,C-S-H凝胶、水化铝酸钙和水化铁酸钙凝胶等水化产物的不断溶蚀过程。不同配比的水泥石经受酸雨侵蚀后组成变化的规律基本相似。     

大气酸沉降对混凝土侵蚀的化学机理分析

利用化学反应推导方法分析了大气酸沉降对混凝土的化学侵蚀机理,得出了混凝土与大气酸沉降中的酸性物质发生化学反应的方程式。结果表明,所有反应产物均分别以溶解型化学腐蚀和膨胀型化学腐蚀这两种方式对混凝土产生破坏作用。     

SMA在地方道路上的应用

研究了含有酸性石料的改性沥膏（ＳＭＡ）在地方道路上应用的可行性。对材料选择、级配确定和试验段施工,跟踪检测进行了详细阐述。     

新型穿流式搅拌桨在湿法磷酸反应器中的应用

介绍了湿法磷酸的生产工艺和反应设备,提出了一种适于到反应器的新型搅拌浆,从反应机理对该浆在磷酸反应器中的操作性能进行了分析,认为应用穿流式浆将强化涡流扩散,提高液体湍动程度,从而可能达到提高反应强度、提高磷的分解率、加收率并且降低能耕,得到较好的磷石膏晶体,在工厂进行的实际试验也证实了一结果。     

硅钨酸光催化降解甲基橙溶液研究

以硅钨酸为光催化剂,研究了其对模拟染料废水甲基橙的光催化脱色卫生解影响,结果表明,酸度、催化剂投加量、溶液初始浓度是影响催化降解效果的重要因素,最佳催化条件为,10mg/L的甲基橙溶液在紫外灯辐照下,硅钨酸浓度0.4g/L,溶液酸度pH=1,其对甲橙溶液光催化降解效果比磷钨酸差。     

注射透明质酸对兔耳瘢痕中羟脯氨酸含量的影响

目的　观察兔耳创面愈合后组织增生块中注射透明质酸 (HA)和透明质酸酶 (HAse)对瘢痕增生情况的影响。方法　建立兔耳增生性瘢痕模型 ,在兔耳增生块中分别注射HA、HAse、生理盐水 (NS)和空白 (Blank)对照 ,采用氯胺T法测定不同时间瘢痕组织中羟脯氨酸 (HPr)含量的变化。结果　①HA、NS和Blank组的HPr含量均逐渐升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而HAse组呈现下降趋势 (P <0 0 5 ) ;②HA组的HPr含量明显高于NS和Blank组 (P <0 0 5 ) ,HAse组的HPr含量明显低于NS和Blank组 (P <0 0 1 ) ;③HA组的HPr含量明显高于HAse组 (P <0 0 1 )。结论　瘢痕组织中注射HA后胶原合成增加 ,提示瘢痕组织中 ,HA含量的持续增高可导致瘢痕的异常增生。     

CHANGES OF ANTIBODIES AGAINST ANTIGENS ENCODED BY DIFFERENT REGIONS OF HCV GENOME IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C PATIENTS TREATED WITH INTERFERON

Interferon(IFN)isthefirstchoicefortreatingchronichepatitisC(CHC),how-ever,onlylO%～25%ofthepatientsshowsustainedresponsetoIFN.ThereisnoreliablemarkertoevaluatetheefficacyofIFNtreatment.Theopinionsonthesig-nificanceofthechangesofantibodiestoantigensencodedbydifferentregionsofHCVgenomeinpatientstreatedwithIFNarecontroversial.Wedevelopedarecom-binantimmunoblotassay(RIBA)includ-ingthreerecombinantantigensofHCV(C22,C33c,Cloo-3),andfollowedup2OchronichepatitisCpatientstreatedwithIFN,to…