煤制油渣对沥青高温-疲劳流变性能的影响研究

采用多重应力蠕变恢复(MSCR)试验、频率扫描(FS)试验、线性振幅扫描(LAS)试验研究煤制油渣对沥青高温性能与疲劳性能的影响。试验结果表明:煤制油渣可以有效降低沥青的不可恢复柔量J_nr,显著提高沥青的高温抗车辙能力及交通适用等级,且当煤制油渣掺量较低时,对沥青高温性能的改善效果较为明显;煤制油渣对沥青恢复率R的改善程度甚微,整体处于较低水平,蠕变类型仍以粘性流动为主;沥青的复数剪切模量G^*与相位角δ的主曲线分别随着煤制油渣掺量的增加而呈现出逐渐增加与减小趋势,由此表明煤制油渣有助于提高沥青的高温抗变形能力;LAS试验结果显示煤制油渣改性沥青出现局部应力突变现象,随着掺量的增加,最大应力值增幅明显,而破坏应变则逐渐减小;针对厚层沥青路面(预估应变水平γmax=2.5%),煤制油渣改性沥青的疲劳寿命N_f随着掺量的增加而增加,但当掺量达到10%后,N_f的增速则变缓;针对薄层沥青路面(预估应变水平γmax=5%),10%掺量的煤制油渣改性沥青具有最优的疲劳性能。根据各项评价指标的试验结果,得出煤制油渣的最佳掺量为10%。     

隧道二次衬砌防水混凝土的配合比设计思路研究

在不同水胶比下,对比了膨胀剂和几种防水剂对隧道二次衬砌混凝土工作性能、强度和抗水渗透性能的影响,研究结果表明:膨胀剂和防水剂的掺入会使混凝土的坍落度和强度略微有所降低;水胶比参数对混凝土抗渗性能的影响程度远远大于膨胀剂和防水剂,在较低水胶比下,各个防水剂对混凝土抗渗性的影响不大,混凝土水压力抗渗性普遍较高。因此,针对隧道二次衬砌混凝土低强度、大流动性、高抗渗性的特点,提出了可以不掺用防水剂,而通过掺加高性能减水剂降低水胶比,掺加大矿物掺合料改善流动性和平衡强度的配合比设计思路。     

新型桥面粘结材料的制备与性能研究

制备并研究了新型桥面粘结材料,选用柔性和耐久性能优越的单组分聚氨酯作为粘结材料,探讨了其与集料的粘结机制.利用优质集料和国际稀浆封层协会微表处技术指南(ISSA A143)中Ⅱ型级配制备出了新型桥面粘结材料.性能研究表明其具有良好的抗拉伸剪切性能、抗疲劳性能和抗水损害性能.     

道岔区聚氨酯固化道床烘干装置的研发

针对道岔区聚氨酯固化道床施工提出一种道床烘干技术。通过高精度、智能化的道床温湿度检测,实时监控烘干效果。本文首先介绍了道床烘干装置的总体设计,然后对道床烘干数值模拟结果和试验线上实测结果进行了分析。结果表明:当密封罩内分风结构导流角为100°时,密封罩的7个出风口风速均匀;烘干约10 min时道床烘干深度可达350 mm,道床相对湿度约20%,满足聚氨酯施工要求;与现有设备相比,该道床烘干装置具有小型化、快捷化的特点,可实现对道岔区等复杂线路区段的道床烘干作业。     

Nonlinearity in the vertical transmissibility of seating: the role of the human body apparent mass and seat dynamic stiffness

The efficiency of a seat in reducing vibration depends on the characteristics of the vibration, the dynamic characteristics of the seat, and the dynamic characteristics of the person sitting on the seat. However, it is not known whether seat cushions influence the dynamic response of the human body, whether the human body influences the dynamic response of seat cushions, or the relative importance of human body nonlinearity and seat nonlinearity in causing nonlinearity in measures of seat transmissibility. This study was designed to investigate the nonlinearity of the coupled seat and human body systems and to compare the apparent mass of the human body supported on rigid and foam seats. A frequency domain model was used to identify the dynamic parameters of seat foams and investigate their dependence on the subject-sitting weight and hip breadth. With 15 subjects, the force and acceleration at the seat base and acceleration at the subject interface were measured during random vertical vibration excitation (0.25–25 Hz) at each of five vibration magnitudes, (0.25–1.6 ms^?2 r.m.s.) with four seating conditions (rigid flat seat and three foam cushions). The measurements are presented in terms of the subject's apparent mass on the rigid and foam seat surfaces, and the transmissibility and dynamic stiffness of each of the foam cushions. Both the human body and the foams showed nonlinear softening behaviour, which resulted in nonlinear cushion transmissibility. The apparent masses of subjects sitting on the rigid seat and on foam cushions were similar, but with an apparent increase in damping when sitting on the foams. The foam dynamic stiffness showed complex correlations with characteristics of the human body, which differed between foams. The nonlinearities in cushion transmissibilities, expressed in terms of changes in resonance frequencies and moduli, were more dependent on human body nonlinearity than on cushion nonlinearity.     

新型有机硅浸渍保护剂和聚氨酯涂层在桥梁混凝土防腐中的应用

该文介绍了一种新型有机硅浸渍保护剂和聚氨酯涂层组成的防腐体系在湖州白雀等桥梁混凝土构件防腐蚀涂装中的应用情况.实践表明,该防腐体系能显著提高混凝土的防腐蚀性能.     

沙丘地区高速公路绿化设计研究

结合彰武至阿尔乡高速公路施工实践,采用能够适应当地自然环境的植物材料,应用草方格辅以灌木造林固定流沙模式,进行高速公路建设生态防护设计。     

添加外加剂的水泥粉煤灰基层结合料性能研究

在水泥和粉煤灰配比为1:2条件下,以无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度、抗弯拉强度和弯拉模量为指标,研究N型激活剂和U型膨胀剂的外掺形式和掺量;采用SEM观察掺化学外加剂水泥粉煤灰结合料的结构和形貌,分析其水化机理.研究表明:N型激活剂可以提高粉煤灰的活性,U型膨胀剂可以有效提高结合料的抗裂性能;外掺2％N型激活剂、3％U型膨胀...     

同步碎石封层桥面防水黏结层温度敏感性研究

为使水泥混凝土桥面碎石封层防水黏结层在不同温度下的黏结强度和抗剪强度有可比性,首先采用温度模型对气温、桥面及防水黏结层温度差异性进行对比;其次,对该防水黏结层强度最大化配比设计及其黏结、抗剪强度对不同温度条件敏感性进行分析.研究表明:1.2 kg/m2SBS改性沥青与8kg/m2 7～9.5mm碎石时防水黏结层强度最大...     

影响RPC力学性能因素的研究

活性粉末混凝土（RPC）是一种具有超高性能的复合水泥基材料。文章采用室内试验的方法,分析研究了水胶比、高比例的矿渣粉、钢纤维对RPC材料力学性能的影响机理,为RPC材料的实际应用提供了试验依据。