美国城市道路分级方法及启示

介绍了美国城市道路分级的原理和方法。分级原理为:解析道路在出行路径中不同的功能层级,定义机动性和可达性两项定性指标用以描述道路功能属性。具体分级为主干路、次干路、集散路和地方路。对美国和我国城市道路分级方法进行了类比,阐述并分析存在的指标差异。最后,对当前我国城市道路规划设计实践中与道路分级相关的若干问题进行了梳理,提出了观点和建议,并对机动性、可达性评价指标在道路规划设计中的运用,以及准快速路标准在中等规模城市的应用进行了总结。     

Four-step travel demand model implementation for estimating traffic volumes on rural low-volume roads in Wyoming

This study develops a four-step travel demand model for estimating traffic volumes for low-volume roads in Wyoming. The study utilizes urban travel behavior parameters and processes modified to reflect the rural and low-volume nature of Wyoming local roads. The methodology disaggregates readily available census block data to create transportation analysis zones adequate for estimating traffic on low-volume rural roads. After building an initial model, the predicted and actual traffic volumes are compared to develop a calibration factor for adjusting trip rates. The adjusted model is verified by comparing estimated and actual traffic volumes for 100 roads. The R-square value from fitting predicted to actual traffic volumes is determined to be 74% whereas the Percent Root Mean Square Error is found to be 50.3%. The prediction accuracy for the four-step travel demand model is found to be better than a regression model developed in a previous study.     

城市化进程中公路与城市道路关系研究——以上海市嘉定区道路系统为例

城市化进程的加快,要求公路越来越多的承担起城市道路的功能.针对其中存在的道路等级与土地功能不适应、路网级配不合理、公路断面不能满足城市自行车、行人、公共交通需求等问题,提出了新的道路等级分类体系,以功能为划分标准整合了公路与城市道路.并以县区为单位,按照密集区与稀疏区的划分,规定了道路建设模式与路网规划要求.     

从成渝路看高等级公路对区域运输经济的影响

通过对成渝高速公路建成通车后给当地运输经济的发展带来的一系列积极作用的分析,阐述了高速公路的建设对区域经济和道路运输业发展的深远影响。     

农村公路管理养护可持续发展之路探究

文章分析了农村公路管理养护中存在的主要问题,提出了创新监管体系、实行管养分离、培养全民爱路护路的意识、建立稳定长效的管养资金筹措渠道及提升管养人员的职业技术能力等促进农村公路管理养护可持续发展的具体做法。     

Toll product preferences and implications for alternative payment options and going cashless

There has been a great deal of research on deriving estimates of the value of travel time savings (VTTS) as a way of converting travel time benefits of toll roads relative to free routes into monetary units, the major user benefit in the development of forecasts of traffic and hence revenue streams. By contrast there has been almost no consideration given to identifying the role that various tollroad products play in establishing preferences for toll routes over non-tolled routes. Increasingly tollroads give users the option to pay by cash at a toll booth, by electronic tolling or by a pre- or post-paid debit and credit account system involving vehicle identification. The efficiency gained by electronic tolling for both the users and the operator have resulted in moves in many jurisdictions to eliminate cash collection entirely (or not introduce it when introducing a new tolled road facility), and to introduce a range of pre- and post-payment options. This has been accompanied by a growing move to distance-based charging in some contexts which is more cumbersome to structure with a cash option. This paper investigates current and potential travellers’ preferences for a range of toll products and how much individual’s are willing to pay for very specific toll products. Data from a stated choice experiment is used in a mixed logit model to establish the role that toll products play in the context of offered times and costs of alternative routes, in choosing between alternative ways of paying for the use of tolled routes.

新农村道路国防功能之管见

新农村道路便于通行、防护、隐蔽、修复,能够加大区域道路战时通行能力和通行几率,提升区域道路交通生存与使用能力。在科学界定新农村道路的内涵与特征的基础上,系统分析了新农村道路在未来高科技局部战争中的战略地位和作用,研究提出了确保新农村道路国防功能实现的对策和措施。     

学校周边道路交通管理设施设置研究

文章分析了学校周边道路交通特性和学生过街交通行为特性,并结合学校周边交通管理设施设计原则,提出了一套人性化、完善的设施设置方法,为提高学生上下学过街安全性,引导过往车辆顺畅通行,完善交通管理设施设置方法提供参考。     

论城市道路排水的合理设计

城市道路排水系统是城市道路设计中的重要组成部分,排水设计不合理将严重影响道路的使用寿命,同时道路积水不能及时排除对城市环境、居民出行及交通安全会造成很大的影响.针对城市道路排水设计中常见的设计缺陷,对城市道路排水合理设计的重要性进行了论述,以期引起设计工作者们对城市道路排水系统的重视.     

农村公路建设成本控制方法

通过对农村公路建设过程中旧路面利用、合理控制路基高度、就近利用路面材料等方面进行分析探讨,以求达到合理降低农村公路建设成本的目的。