Factors driving public support for road congestion reduction policies: Congestion charging,free public transport and more roads in Stockholm,Helsinki and Lyon

Based on an across-the-board survey conducted among residents of Stockholm, Helsinki and Lyon, we explore the opinions on three policy measures to combat road congestion: congestion charging, free public transport and building more roads. The support for the two latter policies is substantially higher than the support for congestion charging, which is only supported by a majority in Stockholm. Self-interest is important for the formation of the opinion to all three policies. However, fundamental values and general political views, indicated by four attitudinal factors, are even more important in forming opinions towards the three transport policies. Of all attitudinal factors, the one indicating environmental concern most influences the support for all policies. Equity concerns, however, increase the support for free public transport and opposition to taxation increases the support for building more roads.Our results further suggest that the opinions towards free public transport and building more roads can be mapped along the left–right political axis, where Environment and Equity are to the left and Pricing and Taxation are to the right. However, the opinion towards congestion charging cuts right through the political spectrum. The impact of the fundamental values and self-interest variables are similar for Stockholm and Helsinki, indicating that even if experience increases the overall support for charging, it does not change the relative strength of different political arguments to any major extent.     

除雪剂在除雪中的应用及对环境危害的防治

介绍了除雪剂的主要成分和融雪机理.分析了大量使用除雪剂对路桥表面造成危害的主要原因.大量的盐份渗入路桥表面,会对路桥表面造成极大的腐蚀破坏,导致植物枯萎死亡,同时提出了预防措施.     

城市道路软土基处理浅析

本文结合南通地区的实际情况对在软土地基上修建城市道路如何既能保证道路使用质量 ,又能降低工程费用的若干问题作了探讨     

基于重要度区位联合布局法的省际公路布局研究

基于传统公路通道规划理论和方法,采用定性与定量相结合的方法,对省际公路布局采用节点重要度区位联合的布局方法,既克服了交通区位理论量化程度差的缺点,也克服了重要度法对于过境交通需求引起的树状路网的附加联络线的确切意义论述不充分的不足。以湖南省与广东省衔接公路布局为例加以论证,取得较好效果。     

上海市内环线(浦西段)交通改善的构思

上海市内环高架路建成后 ,随着交通量的迅速增加 ,目前已呈饱和状态并产生堵塞现象。本文针对内环高架的现状及存在问题 ,探讨全线上、下进行改建的对策 ,包括 :地面道路的改造、优化现有匝道和立交、可能的拓宽方案和结构可行性、采用双层高架的考虑以及通过路网改造、分流内环交通等     

A low-cost video-based pavement distress screening system for low-volume roads

This study investigates the use of consumer-grade video camera to develop a low-cost pavement distress screening system, with a particular focus on low-volume roads. Due to the oblique view of video data captured in the car front, existing crack detection algorithms that are tailor-made for nadir view cannot be used directly. Instead, we propose and develop a Video-based PAvement Distress Screening (VPADS) system, which includes an automatic data processing workflow by first defining a Region of Interest (RoI) through robust line fitting of the two side lanes. The pavement condition can be assessed within the RoI by implementing a multi-scale ridge detection filter followed by a boundary contour analysis. Since the proposed VPADS system is designed for preliminary screening purpose, each video image scene is examined if there exists any potential crack or distress feature(s). We tested the proposed system on video data collected for two low-volume roads (Highway 624 and 668) in Northern Ontario region, Canada. The overall accuracy of detecting crack and distress features yielded 80%. Instead of replacing traditional field inspection or high-end multi-sensor pavement evaluation system, the proposed VPADS system aims to provide a computer-aided screening solution for transportation authorities of a vast rural road/highway network and with limited inspection budget. The scope of the work can be further expanded by developing a crowdsensing inspection network built by any regular road user, who can also act as a data provider for the regional/municipal pavement distress screening system.     

编程实现双向干线协调参数数值计算的研究

对目前干线协调中存在的难题——双向干线协调问题,及该类问题的协调参数的计算方法进行了分析与研究;在双向干线协调的数值计算方法的基础上用Matlab进行编程,实现了数值计算的程序化,很大程度上提高了数值计算的效率与准确性,解决了数值计算过程的复杂化与数量限制性难题;最后用8个交叉口干线协调的实例验证了该程序的可行性。     

广西水泥混凝土路面烂板的力学分析与实践

文章通过对广西部分水泥混凝土路面烂板进行调查研究,分析烂板的原因,重点研究了设计上满足不烂板要求所必需的路面板块的最小厚度,并建立了力学模型进行分析推导,得出了最小板厚的计算公式。此计算公式能便利地用于检验设计。作者并就水泥混凝土板厚计算方法提出"四参数一措施"和"现有规范中关于水泥混凝土板厚计算方法有待改进"的意见。     

城乡结合部公路交通事故规律分析及治理对策

结合我国目前城乡结合部公路的交通安全现状,以两条典型的城乡结合部公路为研究对象,分析了城乡结合部公路的一般特点和事故规律;并基于事故规律分析,从规划、设计、施工以及运营分别提出了改善城乡结合部公路交通安全现状的预防及治理对策。     

常州市中吴大道主辅路断面设计探讨

该文分析了常州市中吴大道在城市路网中的功能定位,提出了主辅路的规划断面,并通过交叉口渠化、标志标线划分、公交专用道、人行过街横道、主线绿波交通、绿化景观设置等设计理念的综合应用,极大地提高了中吴大道的通行能力和服务水平,道路景观大大改善。