城市道路工程建设项目的优先排序——以编制天津中心城区2000年～2010年干道路网建设计划为例

进入二十一世纪 ,天津将为完善规划干线路网继续做出坚持不懈的努力。为了使项目建设计划更加科学化 ,本文特对影响道路工程建设项目排序的诸因素进行了分析 ,做到了定性与定量相结合 ,在此基础上 ,提出了 2 0 0 0年～ 2 0 0 5年 ,2 0 0 6年～ 2 0 1 0年道路建设项目的实施计划的建议     

关于城市道路规划设计中提升环境功能的探讨

本文探讨了城市道路规划设计中提升环境功能的重要性 ,并提出环境功能所包括的六个方面 ,即视觉环境、空间环境、文化环境、人文环境、生态环境和生活环境。     

浅谈价值工程在道路设计中的应用

价值工程是在成本控制及经济分析中常常采用的一种方法 ,在道路设计与施工中 ,价值工程可有很大的运用潜力 ,由于同一工程项目可有不同的设计方案和采用不同的施工方法 ,就会有不同的工程造价。在齐齐哈尔市站前南大街工程中运用价值工程理论 ,以功能分析为中心 ,以降低工程成本 ,提高工程 (产品 )功能为目的 ,进行方案的分析与选择 ,取得很好的效果     

改扩建市政道路跨越公路设计探讨

拟改扩建的市政道路需跨越现状高速公路,同时涉及现状高速收费站,需与收费站进出交通作衔接处理。为了保证穿越点车道规模不受影响,同时改善改造道路与收费站出入口的拥堵问题,设计方案通过多手段改造来实现拓宽,同时保障公路的日常运营不受影响。望通过此案例分享,为类似项目提供一定借鉴参考。     

武荆高速公路桥梁优化设计

通过对高速公路桥梁的优化设计，提出在平原路段缩孔的原则，即将桥台从地质不良或较差的地段移至地质良好或较好地段；在微丘路段应选择地势平坦的位置设置新桥台，确保桥台稳定性，以路代桥；淤泥质粘土或淤泥质亚粘土的软基地段桥头填土高度不超过6．5m，地质良好地段不超过9m。实践证明其优化设计技术可行，经济最优。     

Public perceptions of toll roads: A survey of the Texas perspective

Like many U.S. states, Texas is experiencing shortfalls in transportation funding, along with growing needs for system improvements. Accordingly, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is turning to tolling to bridge the funding gap. To assist planning efforts and effectively direct public information, a telephone survey of 2111 Texans was undertaken statewide to gauge public opinion on tolling issues.Some issues yielded a definite consensus among survey respondents. Over 70% agreed on attending to existing roads first, keeping existing roads toll-free, reducing tolls after construction, using revenues within the same region, charging higher tolls for trucks, not imposing SOV tolls, and maintaining the same toll rates during rush-hours. Some opinions varied by region. Austinites were more likely to support additional transportation spending, while residents of the Lower Rio Grande Valley were less supportive of raising the gas tax and of public/private partnerships. Opinions also varied with survey design. In eight places in the survey, optional text was provided or question order was modified to intentionally influence response. For two questions, support for tolling was decreased when information on personal transportation costs and higher gas tax rates in other states was offered. Ordered probit and binomial and multinomial logit models were estimated to assess the impact of demographic and travel characteristics on respondent opinions, and results for key issues are presented here. Opinions across demographic groups also were examined. The survey was successful at measuring opinions on several key tolling issues and should prove a useful tool for transportation planners and policymakers.     

城市干道路段交通流速度-流量关系模型研究

结合城市干道交通流为间断流的特点,主要研究了城市干道交通流速度-流量关系。通过对实测数据的统计分析,分析城市干道路段速度与流量之间的关系,采用分段建模的方法,建立了城市干道速度-流量关系模型,对模型的结果进行了分析。可为通行能力、服务水平的研究以及交通仿真参数的修订提供理论依据,并为城市交通规划设计、管理及控制提供技术支持。     

Exploring relationships between driving events identified by in-vehicle data recorders,infrastructure characteristics and road crashes

There is an increasing interest in technology-based solutions that can assist drivers in reducing their risk of involvement in road crashes. Previous studies showed that driving events produced by in-vehicle data recorders (IVDR) are applicable for identification of unsafe driving patterns, while combined examinations of driving events and road infrastructure characteristics are rare. This study explored the relationship between the IVDR-driving events, road characteristics and crashes, to examine a potential of the events for predicting crashes and identification of high-risk locations on the road network. The study database included 3500 segments of the interurban roads in Israel, for which the automatically produced IVDR events were matched with road infrastructure characteristics and crashes. Negative-binomial regression models were adjusted for the relationships between road characteristics and driving events, and subsequently, between events and crashes, given the exposure. Significant impacts were found, yet various event types showed different relations to the infrastructure characteristics and different effects on crashes, on various road types. Better road conditions were associated with a decrease in “braking” events and an increase in the “speed alert” events, where road layout constraints and junction proximity were associated with an opposite effect on events. “Braking” and total events showed better potential for predicting crashes on single-carriageway roads, with a positive link to crashes, where for other road types the “speed alert” events were stronger related to crashes, but with a negative link. The heterogeneity of findings indicates a need in further research of the above relationship, with a particular focus on definitions of driving events produced by the IVDR or other technologies.     

收费弹性价格在高等级公路上的应用

对高等级公路收费费率分析中的几个问题如收费弹性、弹性价格类型、以及影响收费公路收费弹性的因素等方面进行探讨，提出了使用收费弹性价格来进一步确定收费费率的方法，并应用实例表明该方法是可行的。对于收费价格弹性的研究，拟在对影响收费价格弹性的相关因素进行总结分析基础上，对收费费率和交通量变化进行了相关性分析，并通过实例分析确定费率的调整幅度。     

解决城市道路维护资金不足问题的探讨

通过对哈尔滨市现行城市道路管理体制现状的介绍,对城市道路养护资金来源进行了分析,并提出了解决城市道路维护资金不足的措施。