宁波舟山港主通道一体式钢管桩制造技术

宁波舟山港主通道工程70m跨非通航孔主桥和62.5m跨非通航孔引桥采用螺旋焊缝钢管桩(每根桩上、下部分壁厚不同),桩径分1.6m、1.8m、2m三种规格,最大桩长109m。针对钢管桩大直径、超长、不等壁厚等特点,钢管桩采用全自动化整桩螺旋卷制生产制造方案。制造过程中,将2根桩相同壁厚部分连起来制造,采用在线预精焊、全自动激光跟踪扫描智能化纠偏焊接技术、钢带对接外焊缝自动焊接设备和剪力环自动焊接专用机器设备,建立大直径、超长钢管桩全自动化生产线,实现钢管桩高质、快速制造。该技术的应用,使钢管桩焊接质量一次检测合格率达99.5%以上,加工效率提高2.5倍,仅用16个月,完成了24万吨钢管桩的制造。     

锚下有效预应力检测取值的试验研究

锚下有效预应力为评价预应力施加是否合格的关键技术指标,但检测方法并不统一,检测的可靠性、准确性尚不明确。通过对工程界常用的拐点法、最小应力跟踪法和夹片位移法进行理论分析和试验分析,夹片位移法最适用于锚下有效预应力的检测,而拐点法检测误差及重复性均不满足需要,最小应力跟踪法应慎重使用,可作为工程界进行锚下有效预应力检测的参考依据。     

一种交通量检测设备布设方法的研究

针对目前交通流检测设备布设中出现的一些问题，借助均匀设计方法，结合神经网络处理观测交通流数据，在设置数量有限制条件下，开展布设方案优化设计研究。方案设计力图在人力、物力投入最小的前提下，通过典型路段、交叉口等交通基础设施的组合，可以更多的获取交通流参数信息，全面、准确的反映城市交通流分布情况。选用了67的均匀设计表作为方案设计基础表，经过拟水平处理后设计优化方案，运用BP神经网络构建交通量推断模型，判定设计方案的优劣，进行了实地交通流检测设备优化布设研究。通过研究可知，采取优选布设方案采集的交通量对检测路段交通量进行预测，相对偏差可以达到0．006。     

OVM高防腐压力分散型锚索的工程应用

介绍了YCW系列B型轻量化千斤顶、OVM新型锚具、环氧喷涂钢绞线和高防腐压力分散型锚索的主要技术性能及其工程应用。由此表明研制和应用新技术是提高工程质量,解决预应力锚索耐久性问题的主要手段。     

预应力混凝土梁体外索发生滑动时索力计算的方法

基于体外索的弹性应变能量守恒,根据发生滑动的体外预应力索段的无应力索长不变,提出了一种简化体外索与转向块相对滑移的计算方法,并用算例对该方法正确性进行了验证,证明该方法具有良好的计算精度,可供采用非线性理论研究体外预应力结构提供参考。     

压力集中型预应力锚索剪应力有限元分析

在详细分析压力集中型预应力锚索结构特征基础上,利用有限元软件进行模拟和分析该种锚索受力特征。在分析中采用整体式初应变方法来考虑混凝土和钢筋(即将混凝土和力筋划分为不同的单元来考虑),而预应力的施加是通过给锚索单元一个初始的应变。通过分析得到锚固段剪应力的分布特征,它主要与锚索弹性模量、灌浆体弹性模量、灌浆体半径、锚索半径、灌浆体泊松比这几个参量有关。最后,为了便于工程直接应用,综合以上几方面的影响因素给出压力集中型预应力锚索计算锚固段剪应力的理论公式。     

箱梁竖向预应力施工技术研究

主要对箱梁竖向预应力筋施工中需要注意的问题及控制措施进行了讨论。     

Urban travel time reliability at different traffic conditions

The decision making of travelers for route choice and departure time choice depends on the expected travel time and its reliability. A common understanding of reliability is that it is related to several statistical properties of the travel time distribution, especially to the standard deviation of the travel time and also to the skewness. For an important corridor in Changsha (P.R. China) the travel time reliability has been evaluated and a linear model is proposed for the relationship between travel time, standard deviation, skewness, and some other traffic characteristics. Statistical analysis is done for both simulation data from a delay distribution model and for real life data from automated number plate recognition (ANPR) cameras. ANPR data give unbiased travel time data, which is more representative than probe vehicles. The relationship between the mean travel time and its standard deviation is verified with an analytical model for travel time distributions as well as with the ANPR travel times. Average travel time and the standard deviation are linearly correlated for single links as well as corridors. Other influence factors are related to skewness and travel time standard deviations, such as vehicle density and degree of saturation. Skewness appears to be less well to explain from traffic characteristics than the standard deviation is.     

A stochastic analysis of highway capacity: Empirical evidence and implications

This paper presents a stochastic characterization of highway capacity and explores its implications on ramp metering control at the corridor level. The stochastic variation of highway capacity is captured through a Space–Time Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (STARIMA) model. It is identified following a Seasonal STARIMA model (0, 0, 2₃) × (0, 1, 0)₂, which indicates that the capacities of adjacent locations are spatially–temporally correlated. Hourly capacity patterns further verify the stochastic nature of highway capacity. The goal of this paper is to study (1) how to take advantage of the extra information, such as capacity variation, and (2) what benefits can be gained from stochastic capacity modeling. The implication of stochastic capacity is investigated through a ramp metering case study. A mean–standard deviation formulation of capacity is proposed to achieve the trade-off between traffic operation efficiency and robustness. Following that, a modified stochastic capacity-constraint ZONE ramp metering scheme embedded cell transmission model algorithm is introduced. The numerical experiment suggests that considering capacity variation information would alleviate the spillback effect and improve throughput. Monte Carlo simulation further supports this argument. This study helps verify and characterize the stochastic nature of capacity, validates the benefits of using capacity variation information, and thus enhances the necessity of implementing stochastic capacity in traffic operation.     

重力式方块码头构件安装偏差过大缺陷防治

总结重力式码头方块、卸荷板安装常见的质量缺陷,分析缺陷的成因及工程危害,提出防治措施,应用后收到预期效果。