接触网参数对接触网风致响应的影响及风洞试验验证

大风作用会使接触网发生更大更复杂的振动与风偏,为给大风区接触网的防风设计提供科学依据,采用有限元计算与风洞试验相结合的方法进行研究。利用ANSYS软件建立包括支撑结构和悬挂部分的有限元耦合模型;采用谐波合成法(WAWS)模拟针对接触网结构特点的脉动风场;通过计算不同接触网参数组合方案在风荷载下的风致响应位移,定量分析得出悬挂类型、张力组合、跨距对接触网风致响应的影响。接触网气动弹性风洞试验结果表明,接触网参数对风致响应的影响的研究结果正确。研究成果应用于兰新铁路第二双线大风区接触网系统方案设计和技术参数选择,并作为主要理论支撑之一,形成了首个国内外铁路电化行业的风区接触网装备技术条件。     

建筑师在港口建筑工程中的责任与作用

结合多年从事港口建筑设计的实践和体会,从建筑师的角度,对建筑师在港口建筑工程中担任的角色、具备的素养、所起的作用、应负的责任进行探讨,综述了建筑师在港口建筑工程中的责任和作用.     

隧道围岩稳定性改进模糊概率模型及其应用研究

为更加准确有效地判别隧道围岩稳定性,引入RandWPSO-LSSVM(随机权重粒子群算法-最小二乘支持向量机)围岩极限位 移预测模型,对传统模型的隶属函数进行优化,建立围岩稳定性改进模糊概率模型。基于改进模型方法,由围岩位移预测值u、预测 位移标准差、围岩极限位移预测值U 及预测极限位移标准差即可求解隧道围岩稳定概率,并结合8 个工程算例对模型进行验证。 结果表明,改进模型解决了传统模型隶属函数存在的极限位移取值范围不合理的问题,且有效消除了隶属函数线性简化处理导致 的偏差,由其计算的稳定概率与实际情况吻合较好,围岩稳定性评价结果的可靠性更高; 将改进模型应用于实际工程的隧道围岩 稳定性判别中,计算结果能够较好地反映实际工程情况。     

Modeling Human Vehicle Driving by Model Predictive Online Optimization

A driver model is designed which relates the driver's action to his perception, driving experience, and preferences over a wide range of possible traffic situations. The basic idea behind the work is that the human uses his sensory perception and his expert knowledge to predict the vehicle's future behavior for the next few seconds (prediction model). At a certain sampling rate the vehicle's future motion is optimized using this prediction model, in order to meet certain objectives. The human tries to follow this optimal behavior using a compensatory controller. Based on this hypothesis, human vehicle driving is modeled by a hierarchical controller. A repetitive nonlinear optimization is employed to plan the vehicle's future motion (trajectory planning task), using an SQP algorithm. This is combined with a PID tracking control to minimize its deviations. The trajectory planning scheme is experimentally verified for undisturbed driving situations employing various objectives, namely ride comfort, lane keeping, and minimized speed variation. The driver model is then applied to study path planning during curve negotiation under various preferences. A highly dynamic avoidance maneuver (standardized ISO double lane change) is then simulated to investigate the overall stability of the closed loop vehicle/driver system.     

Dynamic anti-plane interaction between an impermeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium

Wave propagation in an infinite elastic piezoelectric medium with a circular cavity and an impermeable crack subjected to steady-state anti-plane shearing was studied based on Green＇s function and the crack-division technique. Theoretical solutions were derived for the whole elastic displacement and electric potential field in the interaction between the circular cavity and the impermeable crack. Expressions were obtained on the dynamic stress concentration factor （DSCF） at the cavity＇s edge, the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the dynamic electric displacement intensity factor （DEDIF） at the crack tip. Numerical solutions were performed and plotted with different incident wave numbers, parameters of piezoelectric materials and geometries of the structure. Finally, some of the calculation results were compared with the case of dynamic anti-plane interaction of a permeable crack and a circular cavity in an infinite piezoelectric medium. This paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of piezoelectric actuators and sensors widely used in marine structures.     

基于响应面法的系杆拱桥吊杆初内力优化

为精确优化系杆拱桥的吊杆内力,提出基于响应面法的系杆拱桥吊杆内力优化方法,优化过程包括试验设计、有限元分析、响应面函数拟合和内力优化。以一跨72m系杆拱桥为例,选取各个吊杆初始内力作为自变量,系梁、拱肋的关键截面弯矩以及系梁关键截面位移和结构应变能作为因变量;采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法进行样本点试验设计,采用显式响应面函数拟合结构静力响应值与吊杆内力间复杂的隐式关系。确定目标函数和多约束条件,采用优化软件对多约束条件下的吊杆内力进行优化分析,给出了成桥在多约束条件下的吊杆最优初内力。研究结果表明：该方法可以很好地对系杆拱桥吊杆初内力进行优化,为系杆拱桥的设计和施工控制提供指导。     

五相混合式步进电动机五边形接法的轻重步现象

介绍了步进电动机单步响应应特性的微机测试系统，研究了五相混合式步进电动机五边形接法的轻重步现象，指出对绕组五边形接法的五相混合式步进电动机，存在着两步一循环的轻重步现象，绕组由4组通电变为5相通电时为一重步，绕组由5相通电变为4相通电时为一轻步，理论分析与实验结果相符。     

谈客滚船发生事故时的应急措施

客滚船发生事故时,采取合理的措施以减少人员伤亡和财产损失非常重要。文中针对客滚船的结构特征和常见事故的特点,分析事故原因,提出合理处置措施,以期更好地应对事故的发生。     

大跨度斜拉桥弹塑性地震响应分析及抗震性能评价

以骑骡沟大桥斜拉桥方案为背景,建立考虑材料非线性的纤维单元模型,对预应力混凝土主梁和钢筋混凝土主塔进行弹塑性地震响应分析和非线性抗震能力的评估,计算分析表明:考虑材料非线性后,主梁的面内、外弯矩以及主塔的轴力、面内、外弯距均有较大程度地降低,主梁纵向位移以及主塔的面内、外剪力均由不同程度的提高。     

高速道岔区动力响应的仿真研究

介绍了道岔区动力响应的仿真方法,着重考虑道岔区几何尺寸与钢轨踏面的变化,对轮轨接触采用了离散点精确描述与线性插值相结合的综合处理方法,建立了全车模型,分析了高速条件下18号道岔的动力响应。