三级可容错状态匹配的闸机通行逻辑算法设计

针对闸机系统的现状以及选取的硬件基础,基于全局全过程的设想,以状态转换为联系,构建"传感器状态"、"独立状态"、"组合状态"的三级闸机通行逻辑算法模型。通过分区进行模式抽象,继而采用模式匹配的方式初步判断模式状态,凭借"容错函数"冗余行为的动态性,再次判断目标对象种类并进行目标的识别,实现闸机通道内运行的逻辑判断。选取较为常见的正常成年人的通行特征,进行算法的程序验证,初步论证本算法具有一定的正确性和可靠性。     

用于钢轨波磨检测的差动式霍尔传感器结构及特性分析

针对目前基于弦测法波磨检测设备中的传感器普遍存在价格高,寿命短等问题,提出采用差动霍尔传感器进行波磨检测的方案。通过双霍尔单磁铁差动设计解决了霍尔传感器非线性误差大的问题;利用一元线性回归的方法对差动霍尔元件进行对称标定,确定测量原点,并设计标定实验台对传感器静态特性进行标定,实验结果表明,双霍尔单磁铁差动结构有效改善了霍尔传感器的静态特性。差动式霍尔传感器具有优异的静态特性,可用于钢轨波磨的检测。     

Quantitative analysis of probe data characteristics: Coverage,speed bias and congestion detection precision

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a growing desire for the use of probe vehicle technology for congestion detection and general infrastructure performance assessment. Unlike costly traditional data collection by loop detectors, wide area detection using probe-based traffic data is significantly different in terms of the nature of data collection, measurement technique, coverage, pricing, and so on. Although many researches have studied probe-based data, there remains critical questions such as data coverage and penetration over time, or the influential factors in the accuracy of probe data. This research studied probe-sourced data from INRIX, to profoundly explore some of these questions. First, to explore coverage and penetration, INRIX real-time data was illustrated temporally over the entire state of Iowa, demonstrating the growth in real-time data over a 4-year timespan. Furthermore, the availability of INRIX real-time and historical data based on type of road and time of day, were explored. Second, a comparison was made with Wavetronix smart sensors, commonly used sensors in traffic management, to explore INRIX’s speed data quality. A statistical analysis on the behavior of INRIX speed bias, identified some of the influential factors in defining the magnitude of speed bias. Finally, the accuracy and reliability of INRIX for congestion detection purposes was investigated based on the road segment characteristics and the congestion type. Overall, this work sheds light onto some of the less explored aspects of INRIX probe-based data to help traffic managers and decision makers in better understanding this source of data and any resultant analyses.     

客车WSD98—4520AT—3型电茶炉发生干烧的原因分析及应对措施

对客车WSD98-4520AT-3型电茶炉防干烧的原理进行了分析,找出了电茶炉发生干烧的原因,并提出了改进措施.     

内蒙铁路运煤专用线圪秋沟工程滑坡勘察及治理

随着中国铁路的发展,在山区修建的铁路越来越多,往往由于对自然界的认识不足或工程活动不当引起诸多的地质病害,其中工程施工引起的斜坡体滑动时有发生,形成机理主要为:一是有发生斜坡滑动的地形,二是有产生的滑动的软弱面,三是降雨的影响,四是工程施工方法不当等。以圪秋沟工程滑坡为实例,针对其形成的原因,通过稳定性检算,采取清方减载、加强地表排水、反压、支挡等治理措施,避免滑坡对工程的影响。     

上海洋山深水港中港区码头面层混凝土的现场试验研究

码头面层裂缝的产生与混凝土配合比直接有关,但还与码头结构型式和施工质量等有关。为现场监测码头面层裂缝的产生,选择洋山深水港区中港区码头面层的梁顶、板缝等有代表性的位置,埋入自制的19个应变传感器和2个温度传感器,采用计算机现场监测码头面层应变和温度变化情况。结果表明:板缝和梁顶处的应变较大,是易于形成裂缝的主要部位。应在该位置设置切缝以释放应力或增加钢筋等构造措施,并增加养护时间。     

基于混合Copula函数的风雨联合概率分布模型

特殊地区风雨联合作用下高速铁路桥梁和车辆的气动特性会发生改变，进而影响列车安全舒适运行。为了全面描述风雨联合分布规律和时空关联特征，基于兰新高铁自然灾害监测系统的长时气象监测数据，提出基于混合Copula函数的风雨联合概率分布模型。首先选取Gumbel、Clayton和Frank Copula函数建立混合Copula函数。然后采用非参数核密度估计方法估计出日极值风速和日极值雨强的边缘分布函数；根据贝叶斯模型加权平均方法以及离差平方和最小准则分别估算出混合Copula函数的权重参数和相依参数；利用K-S法以及最小距离法对混合Copula函数进行拟合优度检验。最后以兰新高铁沿线日极值风速和日极值雨强的监测数据为例，建立基于不同Copula函数的风雨联合概率分布模型，并比较不同模型的拟合优度。研究结果表明：基于混合Copula函数的风雨联合概率分布模型能够更加准确地描述日极值风速和日极值雨强之间的多种相关关系；基于Gumbel、Clayton和Frank三种混合Copula函数的风雨联合概率分布模型是描述日极值风速和日极值雨强联合分布规律的最优模型；兰新高铁沿线基站监测的日极值风速和日极值雨强之间存在下尾相关为主、上尾相关和对称相关为辅的相关关系。     

Optical fiber based slide tactile sensor for underwater robots

In the underwater environment, many visual sensors don’t work, and many sensors which work well for robots working in space or on land can not be used underwater. Therefore, an optical fiber slide tactile sensor was designed based on the inner modulation mechanism of optical fibers. The principles and structure of the sensor are explained in detail. Its static and dynamic characteristics were analyzed theoretically and then simulated. A dynamic characteristic model was built and the simulation made using the GA based neural network. In order to improve sensor response, the recognition model of the sensor was designed based on the ‘inverse solution’ principle of neural networks, increasing the control precision and the sensitivity of the manipulator.     

非接触传感器的单片机温度检测系统

研制了使用非接触传感器的温度检测系统．该系统以８０３１单片机为核心部件，利用光纤温度传感器对温度进行采样，通过微处理系统电路、Ａ／Ｄ转换接口电路、数据采集接口电路、数码显示电路等主要组成电路，实现了非接触温度检测功能，检测精度为±１℃．     

一种基于WSN和GPS融合定位的 浮动车路况优化研究与验证

为解决浮动车数据在城市范围内存在的“信号漂移”和“信号盲区”问题,提高地图道路 适配准确率和路况信息准确率,研究应用WSN无线定位技术以及地图匹配技术,设计数据融合 框架,提出基于WSN和GPS的融合数据路况优化算法及计算流程,监测车辆在路网上的行驶状 况和各路段的拥堵程度。通过选取广州市800 个车载传感器节点、20 个路侧传感器节点以及3 个路段进行现场数据验证,结果显示在加入WSN定位数据并采用上述算法处理后,地图道路适配准确率提高约4%,路况信息准确率提高约5%,同时路况信息的处理速度也得以提高。可见,基于该优化算法,WSN和GPS融合定位数据能有效提高浮动车路况的准确性和有效性。