常规公交运行舒适度的影响因素分析

运行舒适度是衡量常规公交服务质量的重要指标。采用问卷调查形式,从乘客感知的视角,结合重要性因素排序、5级李克特量表与乘客满意度,通过排序分析和SPSS多元线性回归,得到不同承载率时,常规公交运行舒适度的主要影响因素及相应权值。研究表明:承载率L>1时,拥挤、平稳性和卫生是运行舒适度的最主要影响因素,权值分别为0.41,0.33和0.26;承载率L≤1时,卫生、车内噪音和行车平稳性是运行舒适度的评价指标,权值分别为0.38,0.36和0.26。     

Ranking of regional road investment in Norway

This paper explores the priorities for road investments in Norway, with particular emphasis on the use of benefit-cost calculus. The author tests whether the observed rankings of the Ranking Road Agencies are explained and/or influenced positively by the benefit-cost ratio. Second, based on a questionnaire survey, the tradeoff made by Regional Road Authorities between an economic welfare maximizing strategy and the observed strategy in analysed. Benefit-cost ratio is found to be a significant explanatory variable in only four out of fifteen regions. In only one region does benefit cost ratio explain more than 30 percent of the observed variation. The trade-off analysis demonstrates that ranking by benefit-cost ratio if adopted gives formidable return as compared to the observed rankings. The reasons given by the Regional Road Agencies for not ranking investment projects according to benefit cost ratio is that several important impacts are not valued monetarily and therefore are not included in the benefit-cost-ratio. The results of the questionnaire survey give reasons to doubt the Regional Road Agencies understanding of the welfare maximizing principles of benefit cost calculus. Concluding remarks on the observed behaviour of the Regional Road Agencies are also offered.