非结构性车辙处治的就地热再生工艺及设备组合研究

在分析传统方法处治非结构性车辙弊端的基础上,研究就地热再生技术的车辙处治原理,并依托新疆S301线某段道路大中修工程,对就地热再生技术处治非结构性车辙的工艺和设备组合进行了研究.结果表明,具有针对性的就地热再生工艺和设备组合可有效消除非结构性车辙病害,施工后的持续观测表明,车辙处治效果优良.     

基于双层连通性检测的路面裂缝图像识别算法

针对路面裂缝图像识别结果容易存在孤立噪声和断续边缘的情况,提出了基于像素-裂缝子块双层连通性检测的图像自动识别算法,主要有4个部分:(1)基于自适应灰度拉伸的图像增强算法;(2)基于自适应大津法和八方向Sobel梯度信息的组合分割算法;(3)基于连通性检测的二值图像去噪算法;(4) 32×32裂缝子块识别和优化连接算法.然后,对5张3056×2048的路面破损图片进行裂缝识别,结果显示,该算法从像素和裂缝子块这2个层次进行连通性增强处理,可获得完整而连续的裂缝图像.最后,针对10张512×512的路面破损图片,对全局OTSU分割、八方向Sobel检测、Canny检测和本文算法进行测试,各算法综合性能指标F1值依次为62.46％、23.84％、10.45％和88.30％,准确率依次为83.45％,27.82％,17.83％和86.60％,召回率依次为56.89％,21.83％,8.89％和90.68％,体现了本文算法的优越性.     

一种重型汽车刮水控制系统及电机控制方法

目前,国内重型汽车刮水系统中的电机大都由组合开关上的刮水开关直接控制,电机经由线束和刮水开关形成"刹车"回路,实现电机的回位,电机"刹车"时产生的大电流极易在组合开关的触点间产生拉弧并烧蚀触点,故使组合开关的故障率居高不下。在满足电机正常控制的前提下,降低组合开关的故障率,本文介绍一种控制信号与驱动信号相分离且刮水器采用摩擦消耗来停车的刮水控制系统及电机控制方法。     

拱辅梁桥拱肋合理矢跨比的确定

拱肋矢跨比对拱辅梁桥的力学特性影响大,为寻求其合理范围,以梁拱相同刚度比而不同矢跨比为条件,从自振模态和多遇及罕遇地震作用下结构动力响应角度,结合工程实例,运用时程分析法及多自由度体系简化的滞回曲线,研究矢跨比变化对全桥变位及内力影响的规律,并提出相应的合理设计范围.研究表明,拱肋矢跨比主要影响横桥向、竖向位移及内力,且矢跨比为1/5时桥梁抗震性能最优;对于多自由度体系变位组合中的主要成分得出的简化滞回曲线,由其定性分析得出的结论能与一般时程分析得出的结论一致.     

大跨度混合梁斜拉桥合理成桥状态的确定

以九江长江大桥为工程背景,以平面杆系有限元程序FBR_CAL_SUO和SUS_CAL_SUO为计算软件,采用恒载平衡法、应力平衡法和最小二乘法相结合的综合法,以控制结构在正常使用荷载作用下主梁的上、下缘的最大、最小应力为主要目标,以调整索力为主要手段,综合考虑恒载、活载、预应力及配重荷载等因素的影响,采用基于正装计算的优化法确定合理成桥状态。以这种方法确定的合理成桥状态与设计数据相比较,比较结果表明,这种方法的结果是准确、可靠的。     

公路工程造价的合理确定与控制

公路工程项目建设是一项投资大、建设程序复杂的系统工程,要合理地控制公路工程项目的造价,需要在决策阶段、设计阶段、招投标阶段和施工阶段严格管理,加强协调,采取全面有效的方法和措施控制公路工程造价。     

探讨沥青拌和站燃烧系统的合理应用

文中通过沥青拌和站燃烧系统的结构原理介绍,分析影响燃烧质量的物理和化学因素,并进行经济性分析,总结沥青拌和站燃烧系统的合理应用和非标准燃烧油对系统的影响。     

城际铁路跨线列车发车时域的确定方法

根据我国城际铁路的运营特征,应用代数计算方法,提出了一种城际铁路跨线列车发车时域的求解方法,并以沪宁城际高铁和京津城际铁路为背景,针对夕发朝至和有折返要求的两种典型跨线列车发车时域的确定问题进行了例证分析,验证了丈中方法的有效和实用性．该方法能为城际铁路列车开行方案编制和优化提供参考。     

基于站点取消与合并原理的公交站距优化方法

通过公交站距优化可以缩短单程公交线路公交车的运行时间,提高公交服务水平.以公共汽车客运能力和最优平均站距为站距优化的定量指标,以客流需求量及站距选取两方面相结合作为站距优化时站点合并或取消的依据,得出以距离为分配原则的客流需求量分配模型方法.最后以长春市265公交车为例进行案例分析,得出该优化原理节省了乘客乘车的时间,...     

Long-term correlation structure of wave loads using simulation

This paper proposes a new method for combining the lifetime wave-induced sectional forces and moments that are acting on the ship structure. The method is based on load simulation and can be used to determine the exceedance probabilities of any linear and nonlinear long-term load combination. It can also be used to determine the long-term correlation structure between these loads in the form of the long-term correlation coefficients. They are essential part of the load combination procedures in design and strength evaluations as well as in the fatigue and reliability analysis of ship structures.The simulation method treats the non-stationary wave elevations during the ship’s entire life (long-term) as a sequence of different stationary Gaussian stochastic processes. It uses the rejection sampling technique for the sea state generation, depending on the ship’s current position and the season. Ship’s operational profile is then determined conditional on the current sea state and the ship’s position along its route. The sampling technique significantly reduces the number of sea state-operational profile combinations required for achieving the convergence of the long-term statistical properties of the loads. This technique can even be used in combination with the existing long-term methods in order to reduce the number of required weightings of the short-term CDFs. The simulation method does, however, rely on the assumption that the ship is a linear system, but no assumptions are needed regarding the short-term CDF of the load peaks.The load time series are simulated from the load spectra in each sea state, taking into account the effects of loading condition, heading, speed, seasonality, voluntary as well as involuntary speed reduction in severe sea states and the short-crested nature of the ocean waves. During the simulation procedure, special care has been given to maintaining the correct phase relation between all the loads. Therefore, time series of various load combinations, including the nonlinear ones, can be obtained and their correlation structure examined. The simulation time can be significantly reduced (to the order of minutes rather than hours and days) by introducing the seasonal variations of the ocean waves into a single voyage simulation. The estimate of the long-term correlation coefficient, obtained by simulating only a single voyage with the correct representation of seasonality, approaches the true correlation coefficient in probability. This method can be applied to any ship and any route, or multiple routes as long as the percentage of the ship’s total lifetime spent in each of them is known.A study has been conducted to investigate the effects of ship type, route and the longitudinal position of the loads on the values of the correlation coefficients between six different sectional loads; vertical, horizontal and twisting moments, as well as shear, horizontal and axial forces. Three ocean-going ship types have been considered; bulk carrier, containership and tanker, all navigating on one of the three busy ship routes; North America-Europe, Asia-North America and Asia-Europe. Finally, the correlation coefficient estimates have been calculated for five different positions along the ship’s length to investigate the longitudinal variation of the correlation coefficient.