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101.
《铁道标准设计通讯》2013,(10)
考虑轨道与桥梁相互作用特点,建立桥上CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道空间力学模型,分析桥梁温度跨度对纵连底座板制动力和伸缩力的影响,根据不同桥梁温度跨度下的纵向力,按极限状态法对纵连底座板进行配筋设计。结果表明:当桥梁温度跨度小于482 m时,纵连底座板最大制动力随着温度跨度增加迅速增大,温度跨度超过482 m后纵连底座板的最大制动力趋于稳定;纵连底座板最大伸缩力随着桥梁温度跨度线性增大;纵连底座板配筋率增幅小于桥梁温度跨度的增幅。 相似文献
102.
A driving restriction policy, as one of the control-and-command rationing measures, is a politically acceptable policy tool to address traffic congestion and air pollution in some countries and cities in the world. Beijing is the first city in China to implement this policy. A one-day-a-week driving restriction scheme was expected to take 20% of cars off the road every week day. Using household survey and travel diary data, we analyze the short-term effect of this driving restriction policy on individual travel mode choice. The data also allow us to identify which demographic groups are more likely to break the restriction rule. The estimates reveal that the restriction policy in Beijing does not have significant influence on individuals’ decisions to drive, as compared with the policy’s influence on public transit. The rule-breaking behavior is constant and pervasive. We found that 47.8% of the regulated car owners didn’t follow the restriction rules, and drove “illegally” to their destination places. On average, car owners who traveled during peak hours and/or for work trips, and whose destinations were farther away from the city center or subway stations, were more likely to break the driving restriction rules. Therefore, Beijing is probably in need of more comprehensive and palatable policy instruments (e.g., a combination of congestion tolls, parking fees, fuel taxes, and high-speed transit facilities) to effectively alleviate traffic congestion and air pollution. 相似文献
103.
The market potential indicator is a commonly used tool in transport planning for evaluating the potential economic effects derived from improvements in transport infrastructures. The general assumption is that exports from a given region will rise with increased accessibility, thus benefiting economic activities. However, the specification of the market potential model is typically very simple and ignores both the impact of competing rivals and the role of international borders, which leads to unrealistic results. Spatial interaction models on bilateral trade have already proved that international trade is affected by multilateral resistance, borders, adjacency, language or currency. Nevertheless, apart from some recent analyses that simply calibrate the distance decay parameter from trade datasets, these variables have hardly been integrated into research on market potential. This paper sets out to demonstrate that more realistic results are obtained by calibrating the distance-decay parameter and introducing the impact of competing rivals and border effects into the market potential formulation. The proposed model is then applied to the assessment of the accessibility impacts of new road transport infrastructure in the European Union between 2001 and 2012, which shows that the greatest improvements in accessibility were experienced by peripheral countries with high road infrastructure investment. 相似文献
104.
Shenzhen Port (SZP), once a negligible local port, has risen dramatically to a world-leading container port and an “equal” player with Hong Kong Port (HKP). Will this market share reallocation continue, or will equilibrium be eventually realized for HKP to prosper continuously? We examine the relationship between these two ports to answer this question. We propose a new transformation method to describe the growth of container cargo transport demand, define the quantitative measures of the competition relationship and port competitiveness, and present a rigorous analytical framework with econometric tests and models to understand the true relationship between HKP and SZP. Direct empirical tests suggest that SZP complements HKP; however, the two ports exhibit strong competition when the effect of demand growth is excluded. Considering transshipment separately, we find that the impact of SZP on HKP is negative in transshipment but complementary in direct shipment. We may conclude that HKP does not affect SZP, whereas SZP has competitive power over HKP. These results are consistent with the findings of some previous theoretical studies. 相似文献
105.
106.
水位下降对边(滑)坡稳定性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过PLAXIS有限元程序对一边坡算例进行分析,根据实际工程的需要选择理想弹塑性模型和莫尔-库仑屈服准则进行数值模拟,并对比分析了土体分别设置为排水条件和不排水条件时的情况。计算结果表明,当土体设置为排水条件时,在库水水位下降过程中,安全系数随水位的下降逐渐减小,但当水位下降了20 m以后,由于孔隙水压力给滑面提供了竖直方向的作用力,随着水位的继续下降安全系数反而略有上升。当土体设置为不排水条件时,坡体内产生的超孔隙水压力对边坡安全系数的降低更为明显。考虑坡体内超孔隙水压力时安全系数的计算结果比不考虑坡体内超孔隙水压力时的计算结果低10%左右,因此实际工程中应该充分考虑超孔隙水压力的积累和消散,并根据"最不利水位"所对应的安全系数进行校核。在计算过程中PLAXIS程序能较好地模拟水位下降引起的渗流作用对边(滑)坡稳定性的影响。 相似文献
107.
108.
基于能量变分原理的薄壁箱梁自振特性分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以能量变分原理为基础,综合考虑剪力滞后效应、剪切变形和转动惯量的影响,推导出箱形截面梁的控制微分方程和相应的自然边界条件,据此获得几种常用边界条件(简支、悬臂、连续、两端固支)的固有频率方程,提出一种能对工程中常用矩形薄壁箱梁自振特性进行分析的方法。通过算例将解析解与板壳有限元结果进行了比较,证明了该方法的有效性,所得公式比以往剪滞理论有一定发展,且为箱形梁桥动力特性的进一步研究奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
109.
为了抑制大跨度预应力混凝土连续刚构箱梁混凝土裂缝的发展,采取了对箱梁裂缝区域粘贴碳纤维布补强的加固措施,该文详细介绍了粘贴碳纤维布施工挂篮的加工吊装工艺。 相似文献
110.