货车组合式制动梁梁体的优化设计

依据货车组合式制动梁在车辆上出现的失效方式,以L-C组合式制动梁为例,提出等寿命原则作为制动梁梁体的最优设计控制律的方案,得出撑杆端头处的过载荷是制动梁失效的主要因素。提出利用前、后段的拉压应变以及降低撑杆刚度来改善制动梁体的受力分布,并提出了通过调整支柱的长度来合理地提高制动梁体在非工作状态时的预应力,借以改善制动梁各部件在工作状态时的交变疲劳应力对梁体各部件的受力状况,进而提高货车组合式制动梁整体的使用寿命。文中给出了整定梁体各部件关键尺寸的计算步骤和设计方法。     

基于灰色预测模型的某型导弹费用研究

随着导弹武器装备技术含量提高、组成变复杂,各种费用也随之增加,对其费用的分析具有涉及范围广、时间跨度大、变量多及数据离散等特点。分析此类系统的特点,利用灰色理论的对其费用进行研究,并从某型导弹有限的寿命周期费用数据出发,建立GM(1,1)模型进行预测,结果较好。     

基于ANSYS和Certon-Dolan理论分析估计疲劳寿命的方法

依据累积疲劳损伤法-迈纳(Miner)法和应力寿命曲线(S-N)推导变幅多级载荷下等效应力及强度判据公式;结合ANSYS有限元分析软件和柯顿-多兰(Certon-Dolan)理论,通过APDL(Ansys Pa- rameter Design Language)参数化建模,分析出不同载荷下应力集中的部位,将有限元网格划分的危险部位节点单元的应力值取出,代入理论公式估算疲劳寿命,具体分析多级载荷加载次序对疲劳寿命的影响,比较Miner方法和Certon-Dolan方法优劣,并提供设计参考数据和理论判据。     

货车驾驶室前翻转支架疲劳寿命试验研究

货车驾驶室悬置是决定汽车舒适性的重要装置。由于其前翻转支架受力复杂，有时会出现疲劳撕裂现象。本文就其疲劳寿命台架试验方法进行研究。     

我国实施国际海上人命安全公约的不足及改进建议

《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》于1980年5月25日对我国生效以来,经过政府、各级海事管理部门、港口行政管理部门、船公司等有关部门和人员的共同努力,较好地实施了公约及其修正案的履约工作。但是,我国在执行SOLAS 1974中也存在一些不足之处。探讨我国履约工作存在的问题和不足,并提出改进建议。     

A probabilistic damage tolerance concept for welded joints Part 2: a supplement to the rule based S–N approach

The first part of this paper presented the required statistics and stochastic models for reliability analysis of the fatigue fracture of welded plate joints. This present Part 2 suggests a probabilistic damage tolerance supplement to the design S–N curves for welded joints. The goal is to provide the practising engineer with simple tools that predict the reliability against fatigue fracture during service life. The impact of the chosen fatigue design factors (FDF) and the uncertainty in the applied stresses is revealed. The effect of an in-service inspection programme is also predicted. The results are presented as dimensionless matrices and suggested for use in support of decision-making at the design stage, without any advanced fracture mechanics modelling and stochastic simulation. One important advantage of this format is that the probability levels are presented regardless of actual weld class and target service life (TSL). This is obtained by introducing the FDF as a key parameter to the results. This parameter is defined as the ratio of predicted fatigue life over TSL. FDF is always calculated in the S–N approach which is mandatory in fatigue life prediction. Various welded details (classes) will have the same reliability level for the same FDF. This is true at the end of TSL and at earlier stages, i.e. fractions of TSL. The absolute value of TSL is immaterial for a given FDF. In the case of in-service inspection, the inspection interval is also given without dimensions as a fraction of TSL.

Only the influence of future scheduled inspections is treated. Updating based on actual inspection results is not included as the scope of work is inspection planning at the design stage. Results for some frequent cases occurring in practice are readily derived and presented.     

大型集装箱船舱口盖疲劳寿命研究

提出大型集装箱船舱口盖的疲劳问题,基于S-N曲线提出分析方法,对某8530TEU集装箱船上的典型舱口盖结构进行疲劳寿命分析,并将计算结果与船级社规范推荐方法计算的结果相比较,得到有益结论.     

装备项目风险管理体系的研究

首先对装备项目全寿命周期内各阶段风险管理的工作内容、相互关系进行了分析,参考系统工程三维结构概念和国内学者提出的风险管理体系的论述,提出了新的三维风险管理体系概念模型,对结构、要素进行了定义和阐述,对其理论指导作用和实际使用意义做了初步探讨,提出了进一步研究的方向,以期对装备项目的风险管理工作和理论研究起到参考和促进作用.     

Prediction of fatigue life and estimation of its reliability on the parts of an air suspension system

Air suspension systems have been implemented in various commercial vehicles, such as buses and special purpose trucks, because of the comfortable ride and easy height control. An evaluation of the durability of vehicle parts has been required for service life and safety starting in the early stages of design. The cyclic load applied to the vehicle can cause fatigue failure of parts, such as the suspension frame. This paper presents a method to predict the fatigue life of the suspension frame at the design stage of the air suspension system used in a heavy-duty vehicle. To estimate the fatigue life using the SN method, the Dynamic Stress Time History (DSTH) is necessary for the part of interest. DSTH can be obtained from the results of the flexible body dynamic analysis using the Belgian road simulation and the Modal Stress Recovery (MSR) method. Furthermore, the reliability of the predicted fatigue life can be evaluated by considering the variations in material properties. The probability and distribution of the expected life cycle can be obtained using experimental design with a minimum number of simulations. The advantage of using statistical methods to evaluate the life cycle is the ability to predict replacement time and the probability of failure of mass-produced parts. This paper proposes a rapid and simple method that can be effectively applied to the design of vehicle parts.     

基于灰色马尔可夫理论的油气管道腐蚀剩余寿命预测

以灰色理论的标准GM（1,1）模型和马尔可夫TPM理论为基础,提出了基于灰色马尔可夫理论的油气管道腐蚀剩余寿命预测方法。利用灰色马尔可夫理论预测腐蚀油气管道剩余寿命的步骤主要包括：最大允许腐蚀深度的确定,腐蚀速率的预测以及剩余寿命预测。并基于该方法,采用VB系统开发了实用软件,简便可靠。该方法可以在腐蚀速率波动比较大的情况下预测油气管道的剩余寿命,为油气管道腐蚀检测周期的确定提供了科学依据。