基于CAE分析的某车型发动机舱内饰优化设计

针对某车型发动机舱内多个零部件发生烤焦和烤化问题,根据CAE对整车爬坡工况时机舱内空气流动状函分析结果,得出此问题是由发动机舱进风量不足、发动机舱前部和后部存在空气热回流等现象所引起的。文章通过增加散热器导风板、修改前保险杠上部装饰板和发动机底部护板等措施,使总进风量提高了5．6％,发动机舱后部靠近前围外隔热垫温度明显降低。改善了发动机舱的内流状况,为后续的机舱内饰设计提供了新的思路和方法。     

隧道进出口线形协调性研究

分析平曲线、竖曲线、平纵曲线组合及横断面对隧道安全的影响,对隧道进出口线形协调性进行研究,并提出：隧道进出口应尽量设在直线段上或圆曲线段上,避免设在缓和曲线上;对于洞口处的纵坡,除应采用较大的竖曲线半径外,隧道洞口的变坡点应距洞门有一定的距离;隧道洞口段的平纵面线形组合须避免在进、出洞口的洞外段、洞内段设置较长、较大的下坡,且在洞口处均需设置小半径的平曲线进、出洞;隧道洞内外的路面宽度应逐渐过渡,且长大隧道内应设置紧急停车带。     

生产工艺参数对胶粉改性沥青混合料强度影响的试验研究

选择胶粉改性沥青生产中涉及的搅拌方式、搅拌温度、搅拌时间以及胶粉掺量4个参数,控制3个参数不变,改变另一个参数,采用间接拉伸（IDT）试验研究生产工艺参数对胶粉改性沥青混合料强度的影响,并通过灰色关联方法分析各参数对混合料强度的影响程度。结果表明：高速搅拌方式生产的胶粉改性沥青混合料强度最大,简单搅拌最差;180～200℃生产温度能得到强度较好的混合料;搅拌时间并非越长越好,而是有一个合理的范围,建议选择l～1．5h;从沥青的改性程度和施工和易性考虑,建议胶粉掺量为17．6％～22％;4个工艺参数中,胶粉掺量和搅拌时间是最关键的影响因素,搅拌温度次之,搅拌方式影响不大。     

双层均布荷载作用下混凝土伸臂箱梁剪力滞效应试验研究

通过对大比例双层均布荷载作用下单箱三室混凝土伸臂箱梁在弹性范围内的抗弯性能模型试验研究与分析,探讨了双层均布荷载作用下单箱三室混凝土伸臂箱梁剪力滞效应分布规律:在不同荷载工况作用下,其伸臂根部产生正剪力滞效应,1/2伸臂处产生负剪力滞效应;正、负剪力滞临界位置离伸臂根部的距离是伸臂长度的18％～23％,其中在顶板均布加载作用下产生的剪力滞效应最明显,正、负剪力滞临界位置离伸臂根部最近,顶板、底板同时均布加载作用下次之,而底板均布加载作用下最弱;该双层交通混凝土伸臂箱梁抗弯结构在设计时,按照顶板均布加载时产生的剪力滞效应考虑偏安全.     

基于NEDC工况的发动机能量利用率分析方法

发动机能量利用率是一种分析和评价燃油经济性匹配水平的方法。首先计算出NEDC工况试验时为克服行驶阻力所做的功,再通过NEDC工况试验得出实际油耗,并将油耗转化为完全燃烧所释放的能量。将克服行驶阻力所做功除以完全燃烧释放的能量便是该车型NEDC工况试验时的能量利用率。能量利用率可用于判断开发车型与竞争车型经济性匹配水平的优劣,也可用于判断不同级别车型经济性匹配水平的优劣。     

基于设计思维的市场调研分析

本文运用各种现实生活中的例子直白讲述设计思维,并把设计思维引入到市场调研中去。文中阐述了市场调研的具体流程及创新性的调研方式,并结合实例着重讲述如何进行用户需求的挖掘。鼓励产品设计者运用设计思维进行用户需求的分析,指导产品设计开发。     

多阶底部上的垂直可渗透结构斜海洋波的阻尼研究(英文)

Oblique ocean wave damping by a vertical porous structure placed on a multi-step bottom topography is studied with the help of linear water wave theory. Some portion of the oblique wave, incident on the porous structure, gets reflected by the multi-step bottom and the porous structure, and the rest propagates into the water medium following the porous structure. Two cases are considered: first a solid vertical wall placed at a finite distance from the porous structure in the water medium following the porous structure and then a special case of an unbounded water medium following the porous structure. In both cases, boundary value problems are set up in three different media, the first medium being water, the second medium being the porous structure consisting of p vertical regions-one above each step and the third medium being water again. By using the matching conditions along the virtualvertical boundaries, a system of linear equations is deduced. The behavior of the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave due to different relevant parameters are studied. Energy loss due to the propagation of oblique water wave through the porous structure is also carried out. The effects of various parameters, such as number of evanescent modes, porosity, friction factor, structure width, number of steps and angle of incidence, on the reflection coefficient and the dimensionless amplitude of the transmitted wave are studied graphically for both cases. Number of evanescent modes merely affects the scattering phenomenon. But higher values of porosity show relatively lower reflection than that for lower porosity. Oscillation in the reflection coefficient is observed for lower values of friction factor but it disappears with an increase in the value of friction factor. Amplitude of the transmitted progressive wave is independent of the porosity of the structure. But lower value of friction factor causes higher transmission. The investigation is then carried out for the second case, i.e., when the wall is absent. The significant difference between the two cases considered here is that the reflection due to a thin porous structure is very high when the solid wall exists as compared to the case when no wall is present. Energy loss due to different porosity, friction factor, structure width and angle of incidence is also examined. Validity of our model is ascertained by matching it with an available one.     

Modelling heavy vehicle car‐following behaviour in congested traffic conditions

This study develops a car‐following model in which heavy vehicle behaviour is predicted separately from passenger car. Heavy vehicles have different characteristics and manoeuvrability compared with passenger cars. These differences could create problems in freeway operations and safety under congested traffic conditions (level of service E and F) particularly when there is high proportion of heavy vehicles. With increasing numbers of heavy vehicles in the traffic stream, model estimates of the traffic flow could be degrades because existing car‐following models do not differentiate between these vehicles and passenger cars. This study highlighted some of the differences in car‐following behaviour of heavy vehicle and passenger drivers and developed a model considering heavy vehicles. In this model, the local linear model tree approach was used to incorporate human perceptual imperfections into a car‐following model. Three different real world data sets from a stretch of freeway in USA were used in this study. Two of them were used for the training and testing of the model, and one of them was used for evaluation purpose. The performance of the model was compared with a number of existing car‐following models. The results showed that the model, which considers the heavy vehicle type, could predict car‐following behaviour of drivers better than the existing models. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黄石高速公路路面技术状况检测评价

依据公路养护规范,对黄石高速公路路面的病害进行检查,并对其综合技术状况进行评定,指出该线路面整体技术状况指数表现优良,局部路段路面病害相对较多.这可为相关方确定养护方案提供参考.     

独柱墩弯桥健康状态评估研究

基于某独柱墩弯桥健康监测系统,进行了桥梁安全状态的动、静态评定参数设置,并对动、静态评定参数进行了监测与测试。依据监测与测试参数确定了评价指标,并利用评价指标实现了桥梁健康状态的评估。