多级矿料-沥青体系的颗粒特性、界面效应及迁移行为研究进展

沥青混合料是多级多相颗粒性材料,其复杂的颗粒特征、界面效应和迁移行为决定了离析特性、压实效果与力学响应。为了解析沥青混合料的微细观作用机理,为混合料组成优化设计、施工控制及性能预测提供理论基础,进而提升沥青路面的耐久性,综述了国内外学者在矿料-沥青体系的研究成果,并将摊铺、压实、服役阶段的沥青混合料分别看作不同状态及迁移自由度的矿料-沥青体系。首先,针对矿料体系的颗粒特性,分析了颗粒几何形态以及尺寸效应对沥青混合料性能的影响,给出了多级矿料复合几何特征表征方法。其次,针对松散态的矿料-沥青体系,梳理了矿料颗粒体系的接触摩擦特性、界面交互作用等细观特征,介绍了沥青混合料的离析行为评价方法,分析了颗粒迁移行为对离析倾向的影响,并讨论了离析形成机理;针对沥青混合料的压实过程,描述了动态压实特性与颗粒的迁移行为,分析了矿料几何特征、矿料-沥青界面效应对颗粒迁移行为的影响,从内部颗粒迁移角度讨论了沥青混合料的压实过程;针对压实成型的沥青混合料,介绍了矿料-沥青体系的颗粒迁移行为,并分析了颗粒微迁移特性对沥青混合料力学强度的影响。最后,将运输摊铺过程的松散态、压实过程中的错动态、服役过程中的成型态...     

解决某车型后侧门动态测试异响的问题

滑移门车型在动态测试评审过程中经常出现后侧门异响的问题,严重影响了公司产品的感知质量,如果缺陷流到用户手中,会造成极大的用户抱怨,并影响公司品牌形象。本文介绍了从产品结构、装配工艺、零件质量等方面进行问题分析,找出根本原因并制定改进措施,成功解决了问题的发生。     

封一/四

钢结构桥梁形式多样,优点突出,在世界各地应用广泛,为了推进中国钢结构桥梁的建设,促进中国钢结构桥梁抗火防灾研究领域的全面发展,加快钢结构桥梁抗火防灾技术的研究,加强钢结构桥梁抵抗火灾的能力,提升管理部门应对钢结构桥梁遭遇火灾时的应急水平,对钢结构桥梁抗火防灾的研究现状与亟待解决的问题进行了总结。研究了国内外钢结构桥梁火灾发生时的场景以及钢结构桥梁遭遇火灾时的破坏形态,分析了钢结构桥梁火灾发生时的特点,强调了油罐车火灾对钢结构桥梁安全性能的严重威胁,给出了钢结构桥梁抗火防灾的关键技术。继而,对其抗火研究存在的问题进行了梳理,包括钢结构桥梁所用材料的高温特性,复杂环境下钢结构桥梁截面的传热机制、钢-混凝土组合梁界面间的高温作用机理、钢结构桥梁火灾行为的数值模拟与智能预测技术、火灾全过程中钢结构桥梁的试验与测试方法、火灾高温下钢结构桥梁的力学行为以及钢结构桥梁抗火研究的工程应用等七大方面给出了钢结构桥梁抗火研究亟待解决的问题和更高的目标。以期对钢结构桥梁抗火防灾方向的技术研究提供全新的视角和基础资料。     

桥梁健康监测技术研究现状及展望

为进一步推进桥梁健康监测技术的发展,保障桥梁运营安全,依据近20年国内外桥梁健康监测（BHM）领域的学术研究现状,总结了BHM在系统及适用性、结构损伤监测算法、监测数据预处理、损伤结构安全预警及数字孪生技术方面取得的最新进展,确定BHM技术目前的研究热点和未来的发展方向。综合分析表明：在BHM系统及适用性方面,研究结构响应参数与健康指标的关联机制,研发长寿命非接触自动采集的智能传感装置,建立针对多源数据采集、传输、存储、分析、评价、预警于一体的自动化、网络化、智能化综合系统是重点研发方向;在结构损伤监测算法方面,设置针对异质场景的不同人工神经网络及修正方法选择建议集,针对多源信息流构建基于数据驱动与模型修正实时交互的多层级耦合智能算法是主要研究热点;在监测数据预处理方面,进一步研发基于深度学习的多源异构数据融合方法,建立复杂环境影响下的损伤结构动态信号提取算法,实现结构监测数据的精准分离是未来研究的热点;在损伤结构安全预警方面,研究重心集中于预警指标和预警体系的建立以及基于可靠度理论与监测数据的常规损伤安全评估,以结构监测数据反映总体力学行为并结合局部损伤的智能检测信息进行服役性能评价是未来的主要发展方向;数字孪生技术在BHM中尚属起步,将数字孪生技术融入多层级复合算法,建立结构多源异构大数据智能融合机制,形成数字联通、实时互动的智能化桥梁运维监测体系是重要发展方向。     

Resilience in transportation systems: a systematic review and future directions

ABSTRACT

The Belt and Road (B&R) initiative was introduced by the Chinese government to promote the worldwide economic development and multilateral cooperation between China and the associated countries. As a crucial part of global supply chains, transportation plays a key role to ensure the implementation of the B&R. Safety is one of the issues with great importance in transportation research. However, its foci have been expanded from traditional risk through security to resilience and sustainability. Resilience has attracted considerable interests from both researchers and practitioners across different research domains in recent years. Various studies have been conducted on transportation resilience from different perspectives. Consequently, different definitions have been developed to define and describe resilience. This paper presents a systematic review on transportation resilience with emphasis on its definitions, characteristics, and research methods applied in different transportation systems/contexts. It aims to figure out what transportation resilience is and what kind of essential characters it usually has. More importantly, research challenges are analysed and a future research agenda on the resilience of transportation systems is proposed. This paper will provide comprehensive insights into understanding the transportation resilience, as well as establish new horizons for relevant research topics within the context of the B&R.     

Planning,operation, and control of bus transport systems: A literature review

The efficiency of a transport system depends on several elements, such as available technology, governmental policies, the planning process, and control strategies. Indeed, the interaction between these elements is quite complex, leading to intractable decision making problems. The planning process and real-time control strategies have been widely studied in recent years, and there are several practical implementations with promising results. In this paper, we review the literature on Transit Network Planning problems and real-time control strategies suitable to bus transport systems. Our goal is to present a comprehensive review, emphasizing recent studies as well as works not addressed in previous reviews.     

自主创新 和谐发展 高起点高标准建设现代化新港院

报告回顾总结了学院2006年建设发展所取得的骄人业绩,提出了2007年学院的奋斗目标和自主创新、和谐发展的工作思路。     

铁路建设项目环境影响技术评估路线初探

通过分析建设项目环境影响技术评估的含义和目标,提出了制定环评技术评估指南的必要性。对比介绍了欧盟以及我国目前有关环评技术评估的相关指南。并结合铁路环评技术评估工作实践,指出了铁路环评技术评估目前亟待解决的问题,提出了相关建议。     

“This train is without a destination”: a cost benefit analysis of the retention of railway services — the Penistone line

The paper undertakes a cost‐benefit analysis of a disinvestment using readily available data and demonstrates that a relatively straightforward yet systematic approach can provide useful input to the decision‐making process. Despite various assumptions necessitated by the analysis, it is argued that the net benefits of the railway line retention are unlikely to be significantly sensitive to their variation within feasible limits. The most significant component in the analysis is seen to be the operative costing system and it is argued that this should be revised.     

严寒地区大型铁路站房安全性能设计改进

结合东北某大型高铁站房施工,针对严寒气候及电气设备的特殊要求等,在图纸会审阶段及深化设计调整阶段,对图纸中存在的使用安全缺陷进行改进,以保证站房使用期间的安全.