晶闸管导通压降的温度特性及其对均流系数的影响

在建立数学模型的基础上,对晶闸管正向压降的温度特性做了计算,并在不同温度下测试两只KP600型晶闸管。结果表明,晶闸管正向压降随温度升高而降低,从而引起变流装置的均流系数随温度升高而升高。为变流装置的使用和试验提供了科学依据。     

The intelligent use of finite element methods

The structural analysis based on application of numerical methods used in the solution of complex structural problems, when applied correctly, is a powerful tool leading to rational structural design of ships. This paper discusses the practicalities of its application and indicates that in order to achieve the stated objective, the following are essential pre-requisites: a) full understanding of the problem; b) ability to solve the problem using currently available methods; and c) ability to interpret the results of the analysis correctly. Whilst there is still a lot of discussion on whether the structural analysis represents a structural design or a structural verification tool, the view expressed in this paper is that the structural analysis should mainly be used in the latter context. This means that a sound engineering solution ought to be established in the first phase of the analysis and used as a basis. The final results will then only be used to perfect the structural detail and modify the areas where rapid stress gradients occur. Any other approach would invariably require repetitive, time consuming and costly iterations which under normal circumstances may prove to be counter-productive. This paper presents a few examples of practical application, the methodology of achieving the solution and the way of interpreting the results.     

温州汤家桥路—机场大道交叉口交通组织方案

汤家桥路—机场大道交叉口为主干路相交形成的五叉路口,通过利用左转二次控制方法,降低交叉口混乱程度,极大地提高了环行交叉口的通行能力。     

大中型悬索管道跨越结构清管动力响应分析

大中型管桥是油气输送管道系统中的关键部位，呈现高次超静定、高柔性的结构特点，清管过程中形成的积液将在管桥处产生强烈的冲击动载荷作用，破坏管桥结构的稳定性。考虑悬索管道跨越结构恒载产生的初始内力、拉索垂度等几何非线性因素，将塔架简化为变截面梁，建立了悬索管桥清管动力分析有限元模型。按照管桥积液流动具有的移动荷栽一时间历程的特性，采用荷载步施加移动载荷。结合实例分析了不同清管工况条件下悬索管桥跨越结构的振动位移、临界积液长度以及临界清管速度，从而为安全清管作业提供指导依据。     

Household Mobility Tool Ownership: Modeling Interactions between Cars and Season Tickets

This paper moves beyond traditional models of car ownership in that we propose a framework for modeling household-level decisions to acquire specific types and numbers of mobility tools to fulfill the mobility needs of household members. The framework is applied to a data set collected during the winter and spring of 2000/2001 in the German city Karlsruhe via an interactive web-based stated response survey in which respondents could optimize their household mobility tool sets through on-line feedback concerning the estimated costs of the sets. In our analysis, bivariate ordered probit models are estimated for three combinations of mobility tools: season tickets (i.e., transit passes) and cars, season tickets and small cars and season tickets and large cars. In all instances, strong substitution effects are found – that is, as the number of season tickets increases, the number of cars decreases. This finding underscores the need to move beyond simple models of car ownership to comprehensive models of mobility tool ownership. As demonstrated by our research, failure to do so is likely to lead to biased results.     

The Influences of the Built Environment and Residential Self-Selection on Pedestrian Behavior: Evidence from Austin, TX

Pedestrian travel offers a wide range of benefits to both individuals and society. Planners and public health officials alike have been promoting policies that improve the quality of the built environment for pedestrians: mixed land uses, interconnected street networks, sidewalks and other facilities. Whether such policies will prove effective remains open to debate. Two issues in particular need further attention. First, the impact of the built environment on pedestrian behavior may depend on the purpose of the trip, whether for utilitarian or recreational purposes. Second, the connection between the built environment and pedestrian behavior may be more a matter of residential location choice than of travel choice. This study aims to provide new evidence on both questions. Using 1368 respondents to a 1995 survey conducted in six neighborhoods in Austin, TX, two separate negative binomial models were estimated for the frequencies of strolling trips and pedestrian shopping trips within neighborhoods. We found that although residential self-selection impacts both types of trips, it is the most important factor explaining walking to a destination (i.e. for shopping). After accounting for self-selection, neighborhood characteristics (especially perceptions of these characteristics) impact strolling frequency, while characteristics of local commercial areas are important in facilitating shopping trips.     

论国企产权结构多元化的实现形式

本文通过对国企产权结构的分析 ,提出了产权结构多元化的实现形式。     

组织行为学在城市交通管理中的应用

城市交通管理中的工作特点决定着其管理的手段和方式。各个职能部门如果忽略了城市交通管理中人的因素,在管理中简单的以规章制度和各种法律条款来解决问题,将取不到良好的效果。因此,借鉴当代管理学中组织行为学方法,遵循人的特有行为规律,从而掌握城市交通管理的一些基本原则,来改善城市交通管理中现有状况,达到有效的管理。