CRC＋AC复合式路面结构层厚度对温度效应及车辙变形的影响

针对连续配筋混凝土与沥青混凝土（CRC＋AC）复合式路面结构的特点和现有研究的不足,运用断裂力学理论和有限元法,计算了CRC层的最大温度梯度、车辙深度、温度裂缝的扩展强度,分析了结构层厚度与CRC层的最大温度梯度、车辙深度、温度裂缝扩展强度的关系。结果表明：AC层厚度一般在不小于4cm时才能起到降低CRC层顶面最大温度的作用;CRC层的最大温度梯度随AC层和CRC层厚度的增加而递减;车辙深度随着AC层厚度的增加而递增;AC层厚度的增加能有效减小温度裂缝的扩展,其他结构层厚度对温度裂缝的扩展强度影响不大。研究结果可为合理设计CRC＋AC复合式路面的结构层厚度提供参考。     

不同级配下橡胶沥青混合料路用性能的比较

试验采用相同的集料调配成2种不同的级配,比较不同级配下,橡胶沥青混合料路用性能的差别,结果表明：AR—ACl3橡胶沥青混合料更适于间断级配及开级配,其关键筛孔为0．075mm筛孔,降低此筛孔通过率将导致沥青用量增加,进而影响了其高温稳定性。尽管橡胶沥青混合料需要较大空间来容纳橡胶粉,存在一个较佳级配来满足其密实性要求。     

路面非周期一维温度场的傅里叶级数解

首先把路面温度场简化为非周期一维温度场,用分离变量法得到齐次边界条件下与温度场基本方程相容的傅里叶级数;然后用格林公式在边界展开热传导方程,得到傅里叶级数系数的常微分方程组,并用拉普拉斯变换求解;最后用实测数据标定的材料参数预测路面温度场。分析结果表明：傅里叶级数第4项仅在-0.1℃～0.1℃范围内波动;初始温度扰动对温度场有短时影响,如果扰动深度增大则影响时间变长;用实测数据标定模型后,模型可以较准确地预测路面温度场,标准差为1.88℃。     

温度及荷载频率对沥青-集料交互作用能力的影响

以参数B为表征沥青-集料交互作用能力的评价指标,利用动态剪切流变仪对2种沥青与4种集料在不同粉胶比条件下相互作用后的沥青胶浆进行了流变性能研究,分析了沥青-集料交互作用能力随温度及荷载频率的变化规律,确定了评价沥青-集料交互作用能力的外部条件。结果表明：随着温度的升高,沥青-集料交互作用能力的增大幅度呈现先小后大的特点;高温和低温下,加载频率对沥青-集料交互作用能力的影响恰好相反。     

不同交联度环氧沥青混合料低温弯曲性能研究

采用交联度分别为75.3%,71.4%,67.3%和58.4%的环氧沥青混合料进行-20℃,-10℃,0℃,10℃温度下小梁三点弯曲性能试验,构建了混合料弯曲强度、弯曲模量、弯曲破坏应变及弯曲应变能密度与温度、交联度的关系方程。结果表明：不同交联度的环氧沥青混合料弯曲强度与模量随着温度的提高而降低,弯曲破坏应变与弯曲应变能密度随着温度的提高而增大;不同交联度的环氧沥青混合料弯曲强度、弯曲模量、弯曲破坏应变及弯曲应变能密度与温度关系基本一致,各弯曲性能参数的温度敏感区间基本相同;温度敏感区间弯曲性能参数变化幅度较大,低于温度敏感区间,则弯曲性能参数变化幅度较小;环氧沥青混合料低温弯曲性能参数与温度、交联度之间具有较好相关性,提出的回归方程可以用于混合料低温弯曲性能预测。     

双中间轴变速器副箱主轴的扭矩分析与验证

为提高变速器的承载能力,降低承载部件的失效风险,提高汽车运行的可靠性,对变速器主要零部件的承载能力进行分析与验证已成为变速器设计过程中最关键的环节。文章通过分析并利用静扭试验台架对变速器副箱主轴进行实际工况的加载与校核,进一步探究该部件的承载能力,以确保达到变速器的设计要求。台架试验方法在变速器设计过程中发挥着重要作用,是验证变速器性能的重要手段、     

基于GM(1,1)模型的膨胀土填料CBR指标快速确定方法

开挖膨胀土能否直接用作填料需跟踪开展CBR试验,而试件浸水需4 d将妨碍路堤填筑新技术的工程应用,有必要研究快速获取膨胀土CBR指标的方法。对百色膨胀土按改进CBR试验方法进行试验,设定不同时刻测试试件的变形和强度值,分析得到2指标的浸水时间效应及其变化规律;引入灰色理论中带1阶加权平均弱化缓冲算子的GM(1,1)模型,对测试结果做了指标值的预测和分析。结果表明,用浸水1 d试件的膨胀变形实测值可预测其浸水4 d的实际值,精度能满足工程要求且偏安全。据此,总结并提出膨胀土填料的改进CBR指标快速确定方法。     

HAS土壤固化剂固化石屑道路基层抗裂性研究

目前我国高速公路建设中,半刚性材料以其强度高、造价低廉、原材料来源广泛等特点,被广泛应用于道路基层,但由于半刚性材料抗裂性能不理想,导致公路使用寿命大大下降。为解决这个难题,采用新型灰渣基胶凝材料HAS土壤固化剂进行大量试验,结果表明:用HAS土壤固化剂替代水泥做基层固结材料时,可以明显改善基层收缩性能。同时,在固化剂中添加粉煤灰也可以在一定程度上改善基层抗裂性能。     

Speed-independent vibration-based terrain classification for passenger vehicles

Terrain physical characteristics can have a significant impact on passenger vehicle handling, ride quality, and stability. Here, an algorithm is presented to classify terrain using a single suspension-mounted accelerometer. The algorithm passes a measured acceleration signal through a dynamic vehicle model to estimate the terrain profile, and then extracts spatial frequency components of this estimated profile. A method is introduced to identify and remove terrain impulses from the profile that are caused by ruts and potholes. Finally, a supervised support vector machine is employed to classify profile segments as members of pre-defined classes (such as asphalt, brick, gravel, etc.). The classification algorithm is validated with experimental data collected with a passenger vehicle driving in real-world conditions. The algorithm is shown to classify multiple terrain types with reasonable accuracy at a range of typical automotive speeds. It is also shown that the removal of terrain impulses prior to classification improves classifier performance.     

Models and methodology for optimal trajectory generation in safety-critical road–vehicle manoeuvres

There is currently a strongly growing interest in obtaining optimal control solutions for vehicle manoeuvres, both in order to understand optimal vehicle behaviour and, perhaps more importantly, to devise improved safety systems, either by direct deployment of the solutions or by including mimicked driving techniques of professional drivers. However, it is non-trivial to find the right combination of models, optimisation criteria, and optimisation tools to get useful results for the above purposes. Here, a platform for investigation of these aspects is developed based on a state-of-the-art optimisation tool together with adoption of existing vehicle chassis and tyre models. A minimum-time optimisation criterion is chosen for the purpose of gaining an insight into at-the-limit manoeuvres, with the overall aim of finding improved fundamental principles for future active safety systems. The proposed method to trajectory generation is evaluated in time-manoeuvres using vehicle models established in the literature. We determine the optimal control solutions for three manoeuvres using tyre and chassis models of different complexities. The results are extensively analysed and discussed. Our main conclusion is that the tyre model has a fundamental influence on the resulting control inputs. Also, for some combinations of chassis and tyre models, inherently different behaviour is obtained. However, certain variables important in vehicle safety-systems, such as the yaw moment and the body-slip angle, are similar for several of the considered model configurations in aggressive manoeuvring situations.