贵阳市西南环线二期总体方案

贵阳市西南环线二期位于城市中心区东南部,地形起伏大,属于旧路拓宽改建项目。针对项目特点,对总体思路、方案布置等方面进行了介绍,为类似山区城市道路方案研究提供参考。     

昆山市东城大道快速化改造工程总体设计

东城大道是昆山“双环-四联-八射”快速路系统外环中东环的重要组成部分,对其进行快速化改造须开展总体方案设计研究.以功能需求分析为依托、交通量分析为支撑,梳理了沿线重要节点及控制物,特别针对两处现状隧道控制条件,提出了两个总体设计方案,并对方案进行了论证与比选.最后综合考虑现状隧道、沿线高压铁塔及重要出行节点等控制因素,确定了总体方案和出入口布置,效果良好.     

考虑沥青路面材料参数空间差异性的解析计算及影响分析

复杂服役环境下沥青路面的材料参数存在明显的空间差异性，具体表现为沿深度的模量梯度分布与非连续层间接触以及横观各向同性，实现其解析计算对现有的沥青路面力学响应分析及结构设计方法具有重要的参考价值。为此，从弹性力学基本方程出发，基于状态空间法，推导了具有指数模量梯度的横观各向同性弹性层状体系通解；在此基础上，基于波传递方法，将状态向量转换为波向量，并结合边界条件和层间条件，建立了考虑沥青路面材料参数差异性的多层路面结构解析解；然后借助MATLAB平台编制了数值计算程序，采用文献对比、BISAR程序以及有限元软件ABAQUS验证了该解析解的精度与效率；最后结合典型数值算例，阐述了该解析解在沥青Top-Down开裂和传统路面疲劳损伤分析中的应用。理论推导和数值计算结果表明：该解析解摆脱了弹性力学问题求解对应力函数的依赖性，并且借助波传播方法，避免了求解中正指数过大对求解精度的影响，并使得边界条件和不同层间接触关系的描述更加便捷；沥青路面材料参数的空间差异性不可忽视，沥青面层连续模量梯度会造成更大的路表拉应力和最大剪应力，进而加剧沥青路面的Top-Down开裂；而横观各向同性和层间接触状态间存在耦合效应，从而会加剧沥青路面的疲劳损伤。     

Speed-independent vibration-based terrain classification for passenger vehicles

Terrain physical characteristics can have a significant impact on passenger vehicle handling, ride quality, and stability. Here, an algorithm is presented to classify terrain using a single suspension-mounted accelerometer. The algorithm passes a measured acceleration signal through a dynamic vehicle model to estimate the terrain profile, and then extracts spatial frequency components of this estimated profile. A method is introduced to identify and remove terrain impulses from the profile that are caused by ruts and potholes. Finally, a supervised support vector machine is employed to classify profile segments as members of pre-defined classes (such as asphalt, brick, gravel, etc.). The classification algorithm is validated with experimental data collected with a passenger vehicle driving in real-world conditions. The algorithm is shown to classify multiple terrain types with reasonable accuracy at a range of typical automotive speeds. It is also shown that the removal of terrain impulses prior to classification improves classifier performance.     

A theoretical foundation for the relationship between generalized origin–destination matrix and flow matrix based on ordinal graph trajectories

This paper shows the relationship between flow, generalized origin–destination (OD), and alternative route flow from a set of ordinal graph trajectories. In contrast to traffic assignment methods that employ OD matrix to produce flow matrix, we use ordinal trajectory on a network graph as input and produce both the generalized OD matrix and the flow matrix, with the alternative and substitute route flow matrices as additional outputs. By using linear algebra‐like operations on matrix sets, the relationship between network utilization (in terms of flow, generalized OD, alternative route flow, and desire line) and network structure (in terms of distance matrix and adjacency matrix) are derived. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Real-time automatic rescheduling strategy for an urban rail line by integrating the information of fault handling

In the operation of urban rails, faults are inevitable, which leads to deviation between the actual timetable and the planned timetable. In nowadays, timetable rescheduling strategies rarely integrate the information of fault handling. In this paper, we develop a real-time automatic rescheduling strategy, which integrates the dynamic information of fault handling. The rescheduled timetable is obtained by a mathematical optimization model, the constraints set of which is automatically generated and adjusted as more information of fault handling is feedback. Compared with the experience-based rescheduling methods, the automatic rescheduling strategy reacts more quickly, and uses the information of fault handling more efficiently. A simulation system for testing the automatic rescheduling strategy is built, which uses the data of the Beijing Yizhuang metro line. Via testing on the simulation system, the effectiveness and efficiency of the automatic rescheduling strategy are validated.     

山区农村公路安全保障工程应用技术研究

在对山区农村公路广泛调研的基础上,针对事故多发路段,运用具有山区农村公路特色的安全保障技术,对不同危险路段综合安全保障工程的应用进行论述,提出相应的安全保障工程改善对策。     

Geometric design safety estimation based on tire–road side friction

A closed-loop drive–vehicle–road–environment system (DVRES) model was established using Adams/Car and Matlab/Simulink. Dynamic responses of lateral tire forces based on tire–road side friction and road geometric characteristics are used to investigate vehicle side slip for geometric design safety estimation. The root mean square, the maximum values of lateral tire forces, comfort limit on curves and vehicle trajectories are used to quantify the safety margin of side friction. The simulation results show that the safety margins of lateral tire forces for radius, operating speed and superelevation rate were 18.2%, 19.3% and 17.6%, respectively, to guarantee good vehicle lateral reliability and ride comfort, while lower speeds are optimal in wet and slippery roads. Finally, a case study was conducted to illustrate the analysis of road design safety, and on-site experiment testing further validated the accuracy and reliability of the closed-loop DVRES model.     

内外温差对明挖隧道主体结构内力的影响研究

明挖隧道内外温差会使其衬砌结构产生附加应力,严重时会使隧道轴线方向的衬砌产生环向裂缝。通过对温度进行现场监测,获得工程实际内外温差,对其规律进行简要分析并将其作为有限元计算的温度边界条件;采用ANSYS进行有限元计算,考虑明挖隧道主体结构修建完成和回填完成两个阶段,对隧道内部温度低于外部温度、隧道内部温度高于外部温度以及无温差3种工况进行分析,得出温差对隧道结构应力的影响规律。