抗紫外老化剂对沥青性能的影响

为解决南方湿热地区沥青路面受紫外光老化影响问题，利用紫外老化环境箱和动态剪切流变仪研究老化时间和受阻胺类抗紫外老化卉l】（GW一944）对沥青高温动态力学性能、低温和疲劳性能的影响。试验结果表明：强紫外光降低了沥青疲劳性能和低温性能，改善了抗车辙性能，且随老化时间延长而加剧；受阻胺类抗紫外老化剂（GW-944）能较好地对SBS改性沥青进行抗老化性能改善，且对其性能改善存在合适的掺量范围，适宜掺量为0．5％，而对基质沥青性能改善并不适用。研究成果为沥青路面有效防治紫外光老化提供了技术依据。     

搅拌桩处理公路软弱地基施工工艺的探讨

以搅拌桩工艺处理软土地基,使其承压性能达到道路施工的必要条件。基于工程实践对其使用工艺进行技术优化,对于提高作业效率和降低工程成本是十分必要的。     

National road mortality reduction targets under European Union road safety policy: 2011–2020

The European Union (EU) has proposed renewing the target for halving the number of road fatalities in the period 2011–2020. In this paper, a nonlinear distribution method for dynamic fatality reduction targets is applied for the purpose of finding individual national mortality reduction targets for each of the 27 member countries in the EU. Weighting is undertaken for four scenarios based on the following indicators: road mortality rates, fatality rates, fatality risks, and fatality density. Results are presented for four proposals to reduce the number of fatalities in each Member State, based on the original situation of the indicators considered in the study. The results seek to provide policy-makers with a broader vision with regard to the achievement of the goals of EU road safety policy.     

Alternative fuels for transportation

The alternatives to the oil based fuels for transportation are considered and analysed. These are the synthetic fuels, made from coal, the liquid petroleum gases of propane and butane, compressed natural gas and methanol. The problems associated with the use of electric vehicles are discussed; the main problem being that of range.

The possible use of hydrogen as a fuel is analysed in some detail. Since its supply can be tied directly to nuclear energy sources, rather than hydrocarbon feed stocks, it could be an alternative in the long term. The main problems of the storage of hydrogen on the vehicle and of its propensity to “back‐fire” into the engine intake are discussed. The first can be ameliorated and the second eliminated by dual fuelling; with petrol. It is advocated that the on‐board storage of hydrogen be by the use of hydrides for private cars. However, it is expected that it may be as liquid hydrogen for some forms of transport and will certainly be in this form for aircraft.     

二灰稳定钢渣路用性能试验研究

运用填充理论进行钢渣的级配和石灰、粉煤灰最佳比例的研究,通过对不同级配、不同二灰掺配比例的混合料路用性能比较,提出了一种最佳比例的二灰稳定钢渣混合料,其钢渣构成承重骨架,二灰密实地填充于其空隙中并裹覆其表面.用电镜等手段对其进行了微观分析；用抗压强度和回弹模量评价其力学性能.此项研究对利用钢渣铺路具有一定的借鉴作用.     

基于生命周期理论的我国收费公路发展分析

收费公路类似自然生命,其成长和发展必然为一个具有若干阶段的连续过程。基于生命周期理论,对我国收费公路体系生命周期进行了探讨和分析。结果表明,2000年以后,我国收费公路进入成熟期;在2030年达到峰值后,收费公路在总量上开始缩减,进入衰退期,新的发展趋势也将逐渐体现。     

综合管廊在中关村西区市政工程中的应用与展望

以中关村西区建设的综合管廊为例,总结并分析了综合管廊在市政工程中的应用与前景。在市政工程设计综合工作中,改变了传统的以重力流管线为主导的设计思路,提出了以管廊为主导,合理确定管廊内部空间分配,充分利用管廊内、外部空间的新思路。通过对重力流管线系统的优化调整,较好地解决了重力流管线与管廊平面位置和高程交叉的矛盾,提出的一些建设性意见均得到了一级土地开发商的认同和有关设计单位的采用。通过对中关村西区建设综合管廊的思考,还对如何发展北京综合管廊事业提出了一些建议。     

短时段交通流预测的RBF神经网络模型

介绍了基于RBF神经网络的短时段交通量预测模型,并利用该模型对高速公路所采集的数据进行仿真预测分析。预测结果表明RBF神经网络预测方法通过定义合理的网络结构参数可以获得较高的预测精度,能够满足路网调度对短时段交通流预测的需求。     

公路实时三维可视化系统构架

基于公路CAD研究成果以及计算机图形学领域的最新发展,提出高性能、高扩展性的公路实时三维可视化系统构架,讨论了地形原始数据的预处理、地表三维建模、道路三维建模、道路模型与地形模型的实时整合、景观及附属设施三维建模、高效的场景管理、地形层次细节模型等功能设计与软件实现技术,并采用设计模式设计了类之间的组织模型,利用C 和DirectX 9.0c开发了公路实时三维可视化原型系统。最后依托实际工程项目对原型系统进行了测试和验证,实现了实时三维可视化手段对公路设计过程的支持以及对设计成果进行实时评价的目的。