The perception of Bus Rapid Transit: a passenger survey from Beijing Southern Axis BRT Line 1

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged as a cost-effective transport system for urban mobility. As a relatively new form of Mass Transit, its ability to provide a high-quality transport service and potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. This study intends to investigate the public attitude towards BRT services, as well as respondents’ perception of living near BRT stations, using the Beijing Southern Axis BRT system as a case study. A data-set of responses to 525 questionnaires were assembled and analysed using a combination of statistical techniques. The results show that BRT has gained great popularity among passengers, and brought about a positive impact on the attractiveness of residential property. The data identify that the majority of passengers are work-related commuters and use BRT more than once a day. The captive users have a higher satisfaction than choice users with respect to reliability, comfort & cleanliness and overall satisfaction with the BRT service. It is argued that the BRT has significantly improved the attractiveness of residential property along the BRT corridor.     

Public Perception of Ocean Governance and Marine Resources Management in Taiwan

Understanding public perception of the oceans, and relationship between society and the sea is an important key to the sustainable management of marine resources. This research reports the first population-based survey on Taiwanese public knowledge, attitudes, and actions on marine-related issues. The stratified random sampling by county was completed with 1,120 telephone respondents from October to December 2010. More than 60% of the respondents have heard about global warming, sea-level rising, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the coral reef bleaching crisis, and Japan whaling fisheries. However, less than 20% of the respondents are aware of Taiwanese domestic marine policies, such as the Ocean White Paper. On resources conservation, 74.7% of the respondents support the bluefin tuna catches regulations and 76.6% agree that the shark fin fisheries will impact shark resources. Education and age are the major affecting variables for resource conservation and knowledge. Higher education and age 40–49 are most supportive of conservation measures. For marine recreational activities, 42.2% of the respondents can swim, and 44.2% of the respondents had not visited the beach in the previous year. The results suggest that the government could establish a specialized agency to strengthen its marine policy and take more actions to protect ocean environment and conserve marine resources. To encourage more Taiwanese to participate in ocean recreational activities, the government could build a safe facility for marine recreation, cooperate with the private sectors in education, and provide outreach to raise public awareness of the oceans.     

旧路改造期间运营安全评价

旧路改造期间不断交施工,交通量较大,应对其运营安全预先分析评价。通过对沿线设施预先危险性分析可知,危险因素等级均为Ⅱ级,并提出防范措施。通过对改建期运营预先危险性分析可知,危险因素中车辆伤害、起重伤害等级为Ⅲ级,对可能造成人员重大伤亡及设施严重破坏的灾难性事故,应立即采取防范对策。     

缓倾斜中厚煤层混凝土沿空留巷工业试验

为在缓倾斜中厚煤层综采工作面沿空留巷,提高资源回收率,提出用泵送混凝土作为巷旁充填材料、充填体两侧用单体液压支柱临时支护、采空区侧用锚索加强支护的联合支护方案.对混凝土充填材料进行了配比试验,根据岩层控制理论确定支护参数,在金刚煤矿3117综采工作面进行了工业试验.试验结果表明:普通混凝土巷旁充填,辅以单体液压支柱作为临时支护,可以弥补混凝土初期强度低的缺点,能有效控制顶板岩层.     

基于路侧毫米波雷达的车辆碰撞概率计算方法

为定量化得出高速公路同一车道中前后相邻车辆的碰撞概率,从制动减速度的角度出发, 提出一种新的前后相邻车辆碰撞概率计算方法。分别考虑前后车发生碰撞的3种不同情况,推导出如果发生碰撞前车需要的最小制动减速度。基于路侧毫米波雷达获取海量车辆运行状态真实数据,包括轨迹、速度以及制动减速度的变化规律,采用广义帕累托分布(Generalized Pareto Distribution,GPD)建立制动减速度分布模型,进一步基于GPD模型计算出在不同场景下如果发 生碰撞所需最小制动减速度的发生概率,将该概率值确定为碰撞概率。研究结果表明,在本研究路段,约99.10%的加速度在[-1, 1] m·s-2 的区间范围内波动,车辆制动减速度的分布具有“长尾” 特征,较大的制动减速度占比非常小。内侧1车道、2车道加速分布比3车道的分布更为集中,大型货车的加速度分布比小客车的加速度分布更集中。最后,基于真实的危险场景数据以及模拟的典型危险场景数据进行验证,将该方法的计算结果与传统方法的计算结果相比较,表明该方法的计算结果连续,且可迅速、准确地识别各类危险场景。     

基于船标岸一体化技术的内河信息服务关键技术研究

针对内河水上交通主要要素的特点,提出了基于船标岸一体化技术的内河航路信息服务体系框架,并着重分析了其中的信息感知层和信息交互层结构等关键技术。通过对水上交通状态所涉及信息种类的讨论,提出了船标岸协同下的内河水上交通状态感知体系的信息结构,并分别分析了它们在船标岸一体化技术下的感知方法。对内河水上交通信息交互技术进行了研究,在内河水上交通信息交互系统框架基础上分析了信息传输和数据管理的实现方式,分析认为基于船标岸一体化技术,构建内河航路信息服务体系是可行的,可以极大地促进水上交通管理向信息化、网络化、集成化、智能化方向迈进的步伐。     

Structural relationships among shipper’s perception,value, and choice intention of Korea–China train ferry service

ABSTRACT

The logistics environment between China and Korea has been changing rapidly in line with the ‘Go West’ policy of international trade and logistics area. The policy includes the BRI, Western Development Strategy, and Korea–China FTA. Against this background, the Korea–China train ferry (KCTF) is being newly illuminated as an alternative mode to cope with the logistics environment between Korea and China. One of the key success factors of the KCTF depends on, among others, shippers’ perception, which will affect the choice and the successful operation of the KCTF. From this perspective, this paper develops seven hypotheses based on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). We test these hypotheses using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the structural relationship between shippers’ behavioral beliefs influencing the perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and intention to choose the KCTF. The test results confirm that among the behavioral beliefs, transport accessibility in association with an efficient network of inland roads and railway networks is an important prerequisite. In addition, we verified a high statistical significance in the structural relationships among perceived usefulness, the attitude toward and the intention to choose the KCTF.     

华南地区地铁车站风亭设计研究

针对地铁车站的风亭如何与城市地面环境更好地结合和协调的问题,分别讨论地铁风亭实际建设时的3种组合形式——独立形式敞口风亭、集中形式高风亭和结合建筑物设置的高风亭。结合华南地区夏长冬短,植被四季常青的特点,从风亭造型的形态感知、与周边环境融合两个方面对风亭的景观设计进行论述,为类似工程的设计和施工提供一定参考。     

鲁棒实时钢轨表面擦伤检测算法研究

应用图像处理和模式识别技术,分析高速线阵扫描相机采集的钢轨数字图像,提出鲁棒实时的钢轨表面擦伤检测算法。这种算法首先分析采集图像在垂直方向的投影曲线,提取准确钢轨图像;之后,借鉴人类视觉对比度感知机理,将钢轨灰度图转换为灰度对比图,并基于最大熵原理进行二值化处理,分割出可疑擦伤区域;然后根据经验知识判定钢轨表面的可疑擦伤。实验验证表明:新算法的检测性能高,平均准确率为90.7%,平均漏检率为3.95%;检测速度快,平均检测时间不超过40 ms。     

The speed control effect of highway tunnel sidewall markings based on color and temporal frequency

The low‐luminance monotonous environment in the middle section of highway tunnels offers few reference points and is prone to cause severe visual illusion. Thus, drivers tend to underestimate their driving speed, which can induce speeding behaviors that result in rear‐end collisions. Therefore, discovering low‐cost methods of traffic engineering that reduce this visual illusion and ensure a steady driving speed is an important challenge for current highway tunnel operations. This study analyzes the effects of sidewall markings in typical highway tunnels, specifically observing how their colors and temporal frequencies affect the driver's speed perception in a low‐luminance condition. A three‐dimensional model of the middle section of highway tunnels was built in a driving simulator. Psychophysical tests of speed perception were carried out by the method of limits. The precision of the simulation model was then checked by comparing the results to field test data. The simulation tests studied the stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time in relation to sidewall markings in different colors (red–white combined, yellow–white combined, and blue–white combined). Furthermore, based on the optimal color, the effects of sidewall marking with different temporal frequencies (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 32 Hz) on the speed perception of drivers were also analyzed. The test results reveal that the color and temporal frequency of sidewall marking have a significant impact on the driver's stimulus of subjectively equal speed and reaction time. The subjects have the highest speed overestimation and an easy speed judgment with the red–white combined sidewall marking. Within the temporal frequency range of 4.45–7.01 Hz, the subjects have a certain degree of speed overestimation (less than 20%), and the speed perception is sensitive to the temporal frequency changes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.