A macroscopic theory of two-lane rural roads

A macroscopic theory for predicting the operation on two-lane, two-way roads is proposed. In this theory, the interaction between fast and slow vehicles obeys Newell’s kinematic wave theory of moving bottlenecks. Calibration is not required as all parameters are fully observable. Closed-form expressions for the capacity, average speed, percent time spent following and overtaking rates are proposed and the biases of current practice are identified. Comparisons between the proposed theory and empirical data are also included.     

宜昌客车整备所生产污水处理探讨

通过对宜昌客车整备所生产污水的处理，根据生产工艺流程，其生产污水主要有冲洗客车的含油污水及育电作业中产生的少量酸、碱污水，基污染物主要有漂浮油、分散油及部分乳化油，并根据污染物性质，就其处理的基本原理及理论，提出一套污水处理的工艺流程。对含油污水采用调节隔油沉淀池－混凝气浮工艺，并根据“浅池沉淀理论”设置波纹板，以提高油的去除率，对酸、碱污水采用中和池投药方式。并详述处理工艺的特点。     

山区农村公路路面使用性能评价研究

农村公路路面使用性能评价是农村公路养护管理决策的依据。在广泛凋研的基础上,对山区农村公路技术状况进行了分析,提出了目前山区农村公路的主要路面类型——沙石路面的性能评价指标,建立了基于属性评价和综合性权重计算的山区农村公路路面使用性能评价模型,使评价既符合山区农村公路的实际,又弥补了传统评价的不足。     

如何加大农村公路工程质量监督力度

分析了五年来辽阳市农村公路建设质量的形势;强调质量监督下作在农村公路建设项目管理中的重要性和加强农村公路下程质量监督管理应做好的几方面下作。     

A tool to aid redesign of flexible transport services to increase efficiency in rural transport service provision

Rural areas generally have lower and more dispersed demands for travel which cannot sustain conventional public transport services and consequently have a greater number of flexible and demand responsive transport services operating. These services usually operate on a stand-alone basis, are often subsidized and are typically only accessible by certain passenger types or for specific trip purposes. This generally results in uncoordinated and inefficient transport provision overall. The Flexible integrated transport services (FITS) system featured in this paper has been designed to address this problem. FITS can be used as a planning tool to assess potential benefits from relaxing operating constraints (e.g., a service's operating boundaries), which can potentially suggest service redesign. It also includes the capacity to assign subsidy payments on a trip by trip basis to increase cost efficiency whilst meeting a greater proportion of transport needs. The case study in the paper focusses on transport to health in the Aberdeenshire and Morayshire areas of Scotland in the UK. Despite flexible transport operators receiving public funds to meet passenger needs, this is currently being supplemented by public bodies paying large amounts in taxi fares in instances where there is a statutory obligation to provide travel but where no other suitable transport service exists. The results demonstrate the potential substantial savings which could be realized by allowing transport operators to redesign their services by relaxing constraints and by the reassignment of subsidies: resulting in more passenger demands being met and a reduction in public spending on taxi fares.     

R407C在客车空调中的应用技术

介绍R407C与R134a理论热力循环计算方法;对R407C客车空调系统性能的变化、零部件和材料的选用进行技术分析;为R407C客车空调器的研发设计提供参考。     

农村公路施工质量缺陷收集与措施分析

对农村公路施工质量控制要点进行分析,并针对杭州市农村公路施工中存在的质量缺陷进行收集,对这些缺陷采取改进措施,可有效提高农村公路施工质量。     

对实现农村公路可持续发展的几点思考

农村公路是广大农村地区最主要的交通基础设施,农村的公路建设和发展直接影响农民的生产和生活。文章指出,各级政府对农村公路的重视程度和投入力度,才是保障农村公路良好运营、促进农村公路全面协调可持续发展的关键。     

新民居建设农村公路安全性分析

农村公路是与＂三农＂关系最为直接的公共基础设施之一,和谐社会的建立包括新民居建设。很多地区新民居项目建设陆续投入使用,但是基础设施建设速度却与新民居的建设不匹配,导致新民居建设下的农村公路存在很多问题,安全形势不容乐观。文章通过对河北省承德地区兴隆县农村公路进行大量实地调查,采用数理统计分析的方法,分析出新民居建设下农村公路存在的安全问题,并从建设、管理、养护等方面分别提出了改进措施,为和谐社会的建立提供了科学建议。     

农村牧区推行客运公交化运营模式的探索与思考

农村牧区客运需求逐年增加,客运量增大,客运市场结构发生变化,因此,农村牧区客运运营模式要适应客运市场的发展变化。文章以内蒙古赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗农村牧区客运运营模式的转变为例,探索、阐述了农村牧区客运公交化运营的可行性及必要性。