基于安全检查表法的电动车安全分析和对策

对电动车的安全隐患进行了总结和评价,并在安全评价学中行之有效的安全检查表（SCL）方法上,结合该问题的发展历史及趋势,依据相关法律标准,提出了一些安全措施和防范对策。     

基于多源数据的特长隧道驾驶疲劳模型

为研究驾驶人在特长隧道内驾驶疲劳演变过程及其影响因素,基于实车试验采集的多源数据,对特长隧道内驾驶疲劳分类判别以及驾驶疲劳影响因素关系模型展开了研究。通过差异显著性分析和相关性分析筛选出闭眼百分率P80、瞳孔直径变异系数和加速度作为疲劳敏感性指标,并分析了各指标随行驶时间累积的变化规律。为构建驾驶疲劳分类判别模型,基于卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表（Karolinska sleeping scale,KSS）主观疲劳检测结果,将疲劳程度划分清醒状态、半疲劳状态和疲劳状态,采用构造多类分类器的方法将不同疲劳状态样本进行组合分类,利用网格搜索法进行分类模型的参数寻优,并将筛选出的疲劳敏感性指标作为分类模型的输入变量,建立了基于网格搜索法的多分类支持向量机疲劳状态判别模型（GS-M-SVMs模型）。然后根据疲劳状态分类判别模型,利用有序多分类Logistic模型建立了特长隧道疲劳程度与影响因素的关系模型,对特长隧道内驾驶疲劳影响因素进行了探究。研究结果表明：疲劳敏感性指标变化规律可有效表征特长隧道内驾驶疲劳演变过程,而GS-M-SVMs模型分类检测准确率达到90.75%,对疲劳程度的分类识别效果较好,并且累积行驶时间和隧道长度显著影响驾驶人的疲劳程度,其模型回归系数分别为2.634和0.395,表明累积行驶时间是驾驶人在特长隧道路段中疲劳程度加重的最主要因素,隧道照度和隧道线形等因素并无显著影响。     

基于dSPACE和AVL的纯电动汽车电驱动系统效率测试

针对纯电动汽车电驱动系统搭建基于dSPACE和AVL的测试平台,模拟整车模式采用CAN通讯方式传输数据。详细论述系统软硬件架构、平台搭建、效率测试等,并分析电驱动系统高效区和特定工况下的效率。     

自行车骑行行为研究

从观察自行车骑行者在路段和路口的骑行行为出发,分别选择有机非隔离栏和无机非隔离栏的非机动车道,对路段和路口停车线分区域、对自行车分种类进行观测,并通过便携式摄像机进行实时拍摄,调查到大量的数据,在对调查数据进行统计分析的基础上,总结出自行车骑行者在路口、路段上的骑行行为效应和相关交通流特性。     

隧道底部溶洞顶板安全厚度预测模型

以某公路岩溶隧道为背景,采用二维弹塑性有限元方法对隧道开挖进行数值模拟计算,分析隧道底部溶洞顶板安全厚度的影响因素,研究各影响因素与安全厚度的相关变化规律,并用多元回归和支持向量机方法建立能综合体现各影响因素的溶洞顶板安全厚度预测模型,从而为岩溶隧道设计施工提供一定的科学依据和指导。     

Policy challenges of increasing automation in driving

The convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) with automotive technologies has already resulted in automation features in road vehicles and this trend is expected to continue in the future owing to consumer demand, dropping costs of components, and improved reliability. While the automation features that have taken place so far are mainly in the form of information and driver warning technologies (classified as level I pre-2010), future developments in the medium term (level II 2010–2025) are expected to exhibit connected cognitive vehicle features and encompass increasing degree of automation in the form of advanced driver assistance systems. Although autonomous vehicles have been developed for research purposes and are being tested in controlled driving missions, the autonomous driving case is only a long term (level III 2025 +) scenario. This paper contributes knowledge on technological forecasts regarding automation, policy challenges for each level of technology development and application context, and the essential instrument of cost-effectiveness for policy analysis which enables policy decisions on the automation systems to be assessed in a consistent and balanced manner. The cost of a system per vehicle is viewed against its effectiveness in meeting policy objectives of improving safety, efficiency, mobility, convenience and reducing environmental effects. Example applications are provided that illustrate the contribution of the methodology in providing information for supporting policy decisions. Given the uncertainties in system costs as well as effectiveness, the tool for assessing policies for future generation features probabilistic and utility-theoretic analysis capability. The policy issues defined and the assessment framework enable the resolution of policy challenges while allowing worthy innovative automation in driving to enhance future road transportation.     

浅议安全监理如何在拆除延安东路高架过程中发挥的监督作用

近年来,市政基础设施建设在飞速发展,城市中可用于市政建设的空间将越来越紧张。如何在不影响周边环境和交通的前提下完成工程,对原有结构部分进行拆除和新建,尤其是在上海外滩"亚洲第一弯"拆除工程中,既要按时完成又要确保安全拆除万无一失,发挥安全监理的监督作用。该文对此作了一些有益的探讨,可供参考。     

军车驾驶适应性检测系统设计

针对军事公路运输对驾驶员的实际要求,结合地方驾驶适应性检测技术,合理选择检测项目,利用射频识别技术和DirectX技术,针对各测试项目的特点进行优化设计,研制出适合部队应用和装备的驾驶适性检测系统,提高了驾驶适性检测的自动化程度,降低了系统成本。