近海工程勘探取样新技术及新工艺

依托洋山深水港工程开发的“海上移动平台系统”、“海水泥浆配方”、“取土器综合性能设计”等一系列勘探取样创新成果,提高了取土质量、钻进效率、钻进工艺,解决了取样、运输和贮存等过程中土样易扰动、不易保持其原始结构等一系列难题,形成了一套较完整、可操作、低成本、高效益、成熟的近海工程勘探取样新技术新工艺体系。可供我国海上工程勘探取样作技术参考。     

Developing travel time estimation methods using sparse GPS data

Existing methods of estimating travel time from GPS data are not able to simultaneously take account of the issues related to uncertainties associated with GPS and spatial road network data. Moreover, they typically depend upon high-frequency data sources from specialist data providers, which can be expensive and are not always readily available. The study reported here therefore sought to better estimate travel time using “readily available” vehicle trajectory data from moving sensors such as buses, taxis, and logistical vehicles equipped with GPS in “near” real time. To do this, accurate locations of vehicles on a link were first map-matched to reduce the positioning errors associated with GPS and digital road maps. Two mathematical methods were then developed to estimate link travel times from map-matched GPS fixes, vehicle speeds, and network connectivity information with a special focus on sampling frequencies, vehicle penetration rates, and time window lengths. Global positioning system (GPS) data from Interstate I-880 (California) for a total of 73 vehicles over 6 h were obtained from the University of California Berkeley's Mobile Century Project, and these were used to evaluate several travel time estimation methods, the results of which were then validated against reference travel time data collected from high resolution video cameras. The results indicate that vehicle penetration rates, data sampling frequencies, vehicle coverage on the links, and time window lengths all influence the accuracy of link travel time estimation. The performance was found to be best in the 5-min time window length and for a GPS sampling frequency of 60 s.     

一种高速模数转换模块的设计与实现

在模数转换中,存在着速度和精度的相互限制,为了满足高速采样下的高精度要求,研制了一种基于高速、高精度、宽输入带宽模数转换器AD7762的数据采集模块,并总结了数采模块的接口、去耦电路、低噪声电压参考源、时钟及时序等设计经验。     

基于TMS320F2812进行同步数据采样的软件实现

本文基于TMS320F2812对其捕获单元、中断系统和AD单元进行了功能和使用方法介绍,给出了各部分相关寄存器的配置和实现同步数据采样的主体程序部分。通过获取同步信号控制数据采样能够提高DSP数据处理结果的准确性,具有很好的工程实用价值。     

非假模取样方式下修船管件更换的新管逆向设计

传统修船管件更换工艺方法效率低、精度不稳定、人工和材料成本高、生产周期长，且存在较大的安全隐患。针对这些问题，融合测绘、软件、船舶制造与加工等关键技术，采取非假模取样方式进行修船管件更换的新管逆向设计，开拓一种数字化的管件制作思路。     

基于车辆动力学模型的换道轨迹规划研究

针对自动驾驶车辆换道轨迹规划时的操纵稳定性问题，基于CarSim/Simulink仿真平台建立了车辆动力学模型，构建了轨迹规划系统框架，通过轨迹信息后处理并提出了目标函数设计，进行了横向控制序列采样以保证车辆的稳定与极限性能，完成了算法对轨迹的综合评价选优。随后开展了仿真试验，对比分析了轨迹跟踪控制系统下的实际轨迹、最优规划方法所规划的换道轨迹。仿真结果表明，该轨迹规划系统框架及算法模型能有效提高车辆的操纵稳定性，可实现冰雪路面等极端工况下自动驾驶车辆换道轨迹规划。