山区高速公路弃土场的综合设计探讨

针对山区高速公路建设过程中弃土场大量出现的实际情况,结合安徽省山区高速公路的具体设计工作,对弃土场进行价值分析,提出了综合设计思路,有助于推动弃土场设计的发展。     

机制砂的浅析与质量控制

结合湖北石漫高速公路因天然砂料源紧张而在工程施工中采用机制砂的情况作了一些分析,介绍了机制砂的特性与质量要求,比较了机制砂混凝土与天然砂混凝土不同的性能,阐述了机制砂在生产及使用过程中应注意的问题。     

疏浚饱和密实粉土剪胀特性及其对耙齿切削阻力的影响

针对黄骅港区饱和密实粉土,通过三轴剪切试验以及原型耙齿切削试验,研究饱和密实粉土剪胀特性及其对耙齿切削阻力的影响。三轴试验结果表明,黄骅地区饱和密实粉土在剪切过程中表现为应变软化性状,偏应力峰值与围压之间基本呈线性关系。在剪切过程中,土体先剪缩后剪胀,随着围压的增大,剪缩性状体现得越来越明显,应力应变性状可划分为4个不同阶段。原型耙齿切削试验结果表明,饱和土较非饱和土切削阻力增长得更快;饱和土切削阻力最大值为非饱和土切削阻力最大值的2.7~3.3倍;对于饱和土,切削阻力达到稳定值后,其波动幅度较非饱和土要大。上述试验结果均表明,土的剪胀性对于耙齿切削阻力的影响十分显著,须采取相应的措施来降低土的剪胀性对于耙齿切削阻力的影响。     

仿生水草垫在航道整治护滩工程中的应用

针对三峡水库蓄水后,来沙量大幅减少的实际情况,在长江中游荆江窑监河段新河口边滩护滩工程缓流区,开展了仿柔性植被水草垫促淤结构现场试验,取得了较好的工程效果。对水草垫促淤结构的设计思路、构件设计、促淤机理和施工工艺进行阐述,并对工程效果进行分析。该结构丰富了航道整治工程促淤结构形式。     

饱和地基下桩柱结构地震响应

通过建立两相饱和地基下桩-土耦合系统的动力分析有限元数值模型,对饱和自由场地基以及桩柱结构在地震作用下的动力响应进行数值模拟研究。结果表明:在地震作用下超孔隙水压沿深度方向呈现出指数衰减趋势,在地表处更易导致地基液化从而散失承载能力。随着超孔隙水压的上升土体强度降低后,饱和地基土层对地震波的高频成分有明显的选择性滤波作用。在桩柱结构地震响应分析中,受桩土间动力耦合作用的影响,桩侧土体比远场地基土更易液化。随着地基承载力的降低,导致桩柱动力以及弯矩响应上升。研究结果与已有桩基础震害经验相符,其方法和结论可对饱和可液化地基抗震工程提供参考。     

大型绞吸船吹填在袋装砂围堤施工中的应用

针对袋装砂围堤施工存在砂源紧张、砂源较远、土质情况不适合袋装砂围堤就地取砂施工问题,依托文莱PMB石油化工项目进行绞吸船结合袋装砂围堤施工研究,采用大型绞吸船吹填提供砂源进行袋装砂围堤施工,探索袋装砂围堤施工新技术的应用以及施工效率、质量、成本的控制。     

Model Test on Grouting Law in Dynamic Water-Rich Sand Layers by the Electric Resistance Method北大核心CSCD

In order to study the diffusion law of grouting slurry in the water-rich sand layer under flowing water conditions, a grouting test model consisting of a main test system, a grouting system, and a measurement system was developed. And for detecting the diffusion scope of the grouts, a new resistivity method was proposed. It is found that the relationship between grouting pressure and grouting rate during the test is strong. Under hydrodynamic conditions, the grouting slurry diffuses elliptically. Due to gravity and the effect of the upper water flow, the center of gravity of the ellipsoid is below the grouting outlet, and the grouting effectively improves the physical and mechanical properties of water-rich sand bodies. At the same time, the resistivity method has a good application effect on the detection of grouting diffusion range. The range of slurry diffusion obtained by the resistivity method is basically consistent with the boundary of the stone body after excavation, indicating that the resistivity method is reliable for detection of grouting range in dynamic water-rich sand layer. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

深厚软土地基钢管桩静载试验研究

通过对软土地基中1根桩长52.5 m、桩径1 m的钢管桩的压桩试验、拔桩试验和水平静载试验,探讨软土地基中钢管桩工程性状和分布规律。结果表明:软土地基钢管桩水平静载试验的最大弯矩值在泥面以下2倍桩径处,且不随着荷载的增加而改变;软土地基的水平静载试验,按照按泥面位移10 mm进行位移控制时,其m值可取3 500 kN/m~4;软土地基由于侧阻力较小,压桩试验时,传递至桩底的轴力值与桩顶荷载的比例可达30%,而拔桩时,该值为12%左右。     

吹填土对筒型基础结构工作性能的影响

针对吹填土对筒型基础结构工作性能影响的问题,进行三维有限元模拟研究。采用大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS建立筒型基础结构与吹填土相互作用的三维弹塑性模型,模拟在波浪荷载和不同厚度吹填土作用下筒型基础结构各点土压力的变化趋势,揭示筒壁所承受土压力的分布规律以及不同厚度吹填土的影响。该结果为防波堤的筒型基础结构稳定性验算提供了依据。