虎伯拉19．5简易型铰接盘的控制电路设计

通过对加装减震系统的目的及减震系统的结构、控制的要求的分析，设计了减震控制系统的控制电路，并分析了控制原理。     

桥梁顺桥向抗震减震措施研究

针对某倒虹吸跨河大桥抗震问题，对聚四氟乙烯滑板支座、铅芯—橡胶支座和液体粘滞阻尼器三种减震方案与原设计板式橡胶支座结构顺桥向减震效果进行了对比分析研究，提出了k＝1．5kN／mm、μ＝0．25的GZY300型铅芯一橡胶支座减震方案为减震结构推荐方案。该推荐结构平均地震响应比原设计降低了54．3％，减震效果显著。采取减震措施的桥梁及其倒虹吸钢管在地震作用下相当于设计烈度降低一度。     

船舶在远场水下爆炸载荷作用下动态响应的数值计算方法

提出了一个利用MSC／DYTRAN数值模拟水面船舶在远距离水下爆炸载荷作用下动力响应的方法。用FORTRAN语言编译用户子程序，在近场水域边界处加上冲击波载荷以模拟远场爆炸效应，进而利用DYTRAN中强大的流固耦合计算功能，计算船体在水下冲击波作用下的动态响应。同时研究了边界定义和单元划分对冲击波传播的影响。该方法弥补了DYTRAN计算远场水下爆炸的某些不足，计算所得到的船体附近的自由场压力与经验公式的结果基本一致，船体的冲击响应与相关实验结果比较表明本文计算结果可信。     

FEA for designing of floating raft shock-resistant system

Choosing the equipment with good shock-resistant performance and taking shock protection measures while designing the onboard settings, the safety of onboard settings can be assured when warships, especially submarine subjected to non-contact underwater explosion, that is, these means can be used to limit the rattlespace (i. e. , the maximum displacement of the equipment relative to the base) and the peak acceleration experienced by the equipment. Using shock-resistant equipments is one of shock protection means. The shock-resistant performance of the shock-resistant equipments should be verified in the design phase of the equipments. The FEA (finite element analysis) software, for example, MSC. NASTRANw, can be used to verify the shock-resistant performance. MSC. PATRAN and MSC. NASTRAN are used for modeling and analyzing the floating raft vibration isolating equipment. The model of the floating raft and the floating raft vibration isolating system are theoretically analyzed and calculated, and the analysis results are in agreement with the test results. The transient response analysis of the system model follows the modal analysis of the floating raft vibration isolating system. And it is used to verify the shock-resistant performance. The analysis and calculation method used in this paper can be used to analyze the shock-resistant performance of onboard shock-resistant equipments.     

水下爆炸冲击载荷作用时船舶冲击环境仿真

以某船的船体结构和型线为基础，建立有限元分析模型，利用ANSYS／LS－DYNA程序计算了船体在不同炸药当量、起爆位置、有限元网格划分时的冲击环境，分析了船体在不同工况下的冲击响应。计算结果分析表明：在一定的条件下ANSYS／LS－DYNA有限元软件计算水下爆炸冲击环境是可行的。所得主要结论如下：（1）流场中结构的存在导致冲击波的反射、绕射使流场压力偏小或偏大；（2）冲击响应沿船长方向非线性传播；（3）存在一个临界K值，当K超越该值时，船体冲击环境发生突变，产生全局性的冲击响应；（4）在上层建筑中，冲击加速度并非呈线性分布，冲击加速度的大小与上层建筑各层刚度有关；（5）由于上层建筑的刚度与船体刚度呈非连续过渡，故船体冲击环境在上层建筑上将发生畸变。     

丰田A540E型自动变速器换挡冲击的故障诊断与排除

针对某款丰田凌志轿车出现升挡冲击的一例故障现象,经分析认为是其装备的A540E型自动变速器阀体发生故障所导致。从基本检查、时滞试验、主油压检测、动力传动分析、电液系统分析、手动挡试验,直至自动变速器拆检,最终确定故障是2挡制动器单向节流阀在维修时漏装所致。     

舰船弹性支撑推力轴承抗冲击特性研究

推力轴承传递的螺旋桨动态激励力可激发船体结构振动,是舰船重要的机械噪声源。采取弹性支承方式可降低推力轴承引起的噪声,但在受冲击载荷作用时,弹性支承的变形会导致推力轴承与轴系之间产生相对位移,从而影响轴系运行安全。为分析弹性支承推力轴承的抗冲击性能,建立了推进轴系及弹性支撑推力轴承和主机耦合模型,采用仿真分析的方法研究推力轴承的冲击响应。分析结果表明推力轴承的相对位移响应较大,近似等于最大许用位移值,通过改变隔振器刚度、支撑轴承刚度与位置等措施,可使推力轴承的相对位移响应满足舰船设备抗冲击要求,并改善轴系受力状态。     

船用柴油发电机组的浮筏隔振及其效果分析

为了减小船用机械振动向船体结构的传递,常采用浮筏隔振系统对船舶设备进行集中隔振。文章对某船用柴油发电机组进行了隔振设计并研究其效果,采用有限元软件MSC Patran建立了隔振系统的动力学模型。首先计算得到了各阶模态,然后分析了隔振系统参数变化对隔振效果的影响,最后研究了不同激励对瞬态动力学特性的影响。计算结果表明,浮筏隔振系统的设计满足隔振要求,隔振性能及抗冲击性能良好。     

Influence of shock absorber wearing on vehicle brake performance

In order to safely maintain a vehicle, it is necessary to verify the most important systems that affect safety during Periodic Motor Vehicle Inspections (PMVIs). In a previous paper, a test method and validation criteria were suggested by the authors to verify shock absorber status during PMVIs, as they are a fundamental component that may wear out during a vehicle’s life. In this paper, variations of the performance of the vehicle’s brakes resulting from shock absorber wearing have been analyzed, in order to confirm whether the suggested criteria is valid for taking into account longitudinal forces and pitch movement on the vehicle. A simulation-based study was conducted with several configurations of a worn damper on a vehicle driving on two virtual roads: smooth and undulating. The results confirmed that the damping coefficient established as an acceptable value to verify the shock absorber status in PMVIs is also valid considering the forces involved in a braking maneuver.     

两种减隔震支座性能对比研究

通过对摩擦摆支座及弹塑性钢阻尼支座两种不同类型的减隔震支座的抗震性能进行对比,选择适合项目要求的支座类型。对比结果表明:两种减隔震支座均能够有效延长桥梁结构自振周期,支座横向刚度较小的摩擦摆支座更有利于周期的延长,同时产生的墩顶剪力也较小;对于墩底截面及基顶截面的弯矩和剪力,在墩高较低时横向刚度小的摩擦摆支座减隔震性能较好,而墩高大于20 m时,横向刚度大的弹塑性钢阻尼支座更有优势。