常规公交票价综合评价方法分析

常规公交票价的评价对于指导城市公交票价制定、改善影响公交票价的因素具有重要意义。首先,对影响常规公交票价制定因素进行系统分析,在充分考虑居民、公交企业、政府3方面利益的基础上,构建常规公交票价评价指标体系。然后采用灰色关联度分析法对常规公交票价方案进行评价,评价过程中引入三角模糊数对定性指标进行模糊化处理。最后,通过算例对评价指标和算法进行验证。结果表明,文章所构建的公交票价方案评价指标体系是可取的,采用灰色关联度分析法对城市常规公交票价方案进行评价可行。     

Evaluating competitiveness using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process—A case study of Chinese airlines

With the development of a national market economy, the Chinese aviation industry is now confronted with international competition. Therefore, it is necessary to research the competitive status of Chinese national aviation, as well as advice on how to enhance the competitiveness of the Chinese aviation industry. The main objective of this paper is to propose FAHP as an effective solution for resolving the uncertainty and imprecision in the evaluation of airlines' competitiveness. In this paper, we review the research of industrial international aviation competitiveness at both home and abroad, discuss a theoretical framework for the study of aviation competitiveness, establish an index system with five first‐order indicators and 17 second‐order indicators, set up a Chinese aviation competitiveness model based on simple fuzzy numbers from the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and evaluate the competitiveness of five major Chinese airlines. The results showed that this model and these indicators are scientific and practical, with a wide range of application prospects for the purpose of improving and increasing Chinese airline competitiveness in the international market. The effective approach presented in this paper is especially applicable when subjective judgments on performance ratings and attribute weights are not accessible or reliable, or when suitable decision makers are not available. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Shipment forecasting for supply chain collaborative transportation management using grey models with grey numbers

The sharing of forecasts is vital to supply chain collaborative transportation management (CTM). Shipment forecasting is fundamental to CTM, and is essential to carrier tactical and operational planning processes such as network planning, routing, scheduling, and fleet planning and assignment. By applying and extending grey forecasting theory, this paper develops a series of shipment forecasting models for supply chain CTM. Grey time-series forecasting and grey systematic forecasting models are developed for shipment forecasting under different collaborative frameworks. This paper also integrates grey numbers with grey models for analyzing shipment forecasting under partial information sharing in CTM frameworks. An example of an integrated circuit (IC) supply chain and relevant data are provided. The proposed models yield more accurate prediction results than regression, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and neural network models. Finally, numerical results indicate that as the degree of information sharing increases under CTM, carrier prediction accuracy increases. This paper demonstrates how the proposed forecasting models can be applied to the CTM system and provides the theoretical basis for the forecasting module developed for supply chain CTM.     

突发事件应急救援物资需求预测的方法研究

应急物资需求的预测是突发事件应急救援顺利高效开展的关键环节之一,而能否做出准确的预测是当下亟待解决的问题.通过考虑时间对特征因素的影响,采用了熵值法确定特征因素权重系数,运用灰色关联度算法计算案例间的相似度,使用了基于时间因素影响的权重调整的方法,建立突发事件应急救援物资需求预测模型,从而求得相似案例,以解决灾区应急物资需求问题.通过对5个源案例与目标案例各个特征因素的相似度分析,验证了该模型的合理性和可行性.      

钢管混凝土拱桥振动实验模型相似理论分析

针对小相似比情况下钢管混凝土组合材料在实验室不易模拟的问题,结合实验,提出适用于钢管混凝土拱桥振动台实验的相似关系和由原型组合材料向单一实验材料转化的截面转化条件。通过有限元软件分析不足配重模型下模型与原型的基本振动频率和前阶模态,借用相似系数对比,验证相似理论和转换条件的正确性。     

第二类Stirling数S2（n，n-k）的一个公式

本文给出了广义第二类Stirling数的一个定义,并由此得到一个有关第二类Stirling数的一个更一般公式。     

一种考虑分类的石材图像相似性比对算法

在基于颜色的图像相似比较中,传统的处理方法大多采用各子空间的概率作为特征,在此基础上定义图像的距离和相似度.但这些方法可能导致色彩比对失真的情况出现;在同一类的石材中颜色和纹理有很大的差异,甚至会出现两张分属异类的石材图像在单纯从颜色、纹理等特征上进行判断比同类很多石材图像更为"相似".文中引入了先对石材的样本图像进行分类,定义图像与各大类的相似度.在类内定义较为一般性的相似度.综合二者给出图像的整体相似度定义,实验表明该方法具有较好的分类效果和较合理的石材图像相似度.     

联塔分幅斜拉桥塔结构模型试验设计理论与方法研究

甬江特大桥为联塔四索面双幅预应力混凝土主梁斜拉桥,联塔部位承受复杂的弯曲、扭转以及剪切等复合内力传递,两幅桥的受力呈现出耦合状态。为了确保联塔结构的安全可靠,对整个桥塔进行3：40的缩尺模型试验研究。介绍了模型试验的结构设计和加载方法设计,为今后类似结构试验模型的研制提供参考。     

通气超空泡研究中的几个问题

根据在水洞中所作的系列通气超空泡试验,以及国内外的大量相关文献,综述和探讨了通气超空泡实验研究中的几个主要问题.主要内容包括通气超空泡试验中的相似准则考虑;重力场对通气超空流的影响规律;通气超空泡的闭合和气体泄漏问题;通气超空泡的不稳定性机理.最后,对通气超空泡的试验研究方向进行了展望.     

预应力混凝土桥梁徐变模型试验相似关系研究

讨论预应力混凝土桥梁徐变模型试验主要影响因素及处理原则,提出了模型梁设计时需满足的相似关系;基于CEB-FIP(MC90)徐变模型,建立了模型梁与原型梁跨中徐变长期上拱的相似关系.模型梁试验推算值与实桥测试值比较表明,推算值具有较好的精度.本文为预应力混凝土桥梁非足尺结构模型的徐变试验研究提供新思路,建立的公式在工程试验研究中具实用性.