厦门翔安海底隧道施工防排水设计与施工

简要介绍了厦门翔安海底隧道工程、水文地质特点,重点阐述了该海底隧道施工中洞内防水设计与施工、富水砂层区段防水措施以及采用的各种排水措施,结合工程实践,提出加强初支背后注浆加固、重视抑拱以下结构的防排水设计等建议,对类似工程的设计与施工提供了有益的借鉴。     

室内承载板法测定土基回弹模量的理论修正

土基回弹模量是路面结构设计中一个重要的参数,能否选用合乎实际的土基回弹模量直接关系到路面结构的安全性和经济性。由于野外承载板法费时、费力,且测点位置的选取以及测点多寡对回弹模量的影响,室内试验是一种不可缺少的方法。以弹性层状体系理论为基础,对室内承载板法测定土基回弹模量进行了理论修正,利用有限元程序求出修正系数,并通过实例工程进行验证,结果表明室内承载板测定土基回弹模量应乘以0.95这个修正系数,为室内合理测定土基回弹模量值提供参考依据。     

刚果（布）北部地区土基回弹模量E0研究

结合刚果（布）2号公路工程的现场承载板试验和贝克曼梁弯沉试验研究了压实度、稠度、弯沉值与土基回弹模量E0的变化规律,得出了土基回弹模量E0与稠度和压实度、土基回弹模量E0与弯沉的经验关系式,并将现场实测的土基回弹模量值与查表法得出的值进行了对比,在此基础上,提出了刚果（布）北部地区的土基回弹模量E0推荐值。     

蓄冷板冷藏车的特点与制冷量计算

讨论了蓄冷板冷藏车的构成特点与制冷原理,介绍了蓄冷板及蓄冷制冷机组的制冷量计算方法。     

Development of simplified method for prediction of structural response of stiffened plates under explosion loads

During their lifetime, marine structures may be exposed to accidental loadings such as from collisions or explosions, as well as environmental loadings such as from slamming, sloshing and green water. Such loadings can cause damage to structures. Therefore, to minimize such damage, advanced and robust design guidelines should be formulated. Among those loads, in this study, explosions imparting an impulsive pressure loading containing a rapid increase in pressure and a short duration that can cause serious casualties, property losses, and marine pollution were considered. In this paper, a practical and robust method for damage assessment of marine structures exposed to explosion loads based on a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system and numerical simulations is proposed. The SDOF method was improved by introduction of new and better idealization resistance for the system and consideration of the effect of strain-rate, and subsequently was verified by a numerical method developed using the commercial ABAQUS software package. The numerical method was itself validated by comparison with relevant pulse pressure test data available in the open literature (good correlation was shown). Based on the validated numerical models, a rigorous parametric study of the structural response of stiffened plates having actual scantlings of offshore structures was performed. The numerically obtained maximum deformations were compared with the results from the improved SDOF method in a parametric study, and the variation of both methods was verified. Finally, simple yet accurate and reliable formulations for prediction of structural response were empirically derived. These formulations are expected to be usefully employed as a first-hand tool for prediction of damage extent of marine structures (including offshore structures) due to explosion loads.     

Benchmark study on slamming response of flat-stiffened plates considering fluid-structure interaction

This paper presents a benchmark study on the slamming responses of offshore structures’ flat-stiffened plates. The objective was to compare the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation methodologies, modeling techniques, and established researchers' experiences in predicting slamming pressure. Three research groups employing the most common commercial software packages for numerical FSI simulations (i.e. LS-Dyna ALE, LS-Dyna ICFD, ANSYS CFX, and Star-CCM+/ABAQUS) participated in this study. Wet drop test data on flat-stiffened aluminum plates of light-ship-like bottom structures available in the open literature was utilized for validation of the FSI modeling. A summary of the experimental conditions including the geometry model and material properties, was distributed to the participants prior to their simulations. A parametric study on flat-stiffened steel plates having actual scantlings used in marine installations was performed to investigate the effect of impact velocity and plate rigidity on slamming response. The FE simulation results for the total vertical forces acting on the stiffened plates and their structural responses to those forces, as obtained from the participants, were analyzed and compared. The reliable and accurate predictions of slamming loads using the aforementioned commercial FSI software packages were evaluated. Additionally, equivalent static slamming pressures resulting in the same permanent deflections, as observed from the FSI simulations, were reported and compared with analytical models proposed by the Classification Standards DNV and existing experimental data for calculation of the slamming pressure. The study results showed that the equivalent load model depends on the water impact velocity and plate rigidity; that is, the equivalent static pressure coefficient decreases with an increase in impact velocity, and increases when impacting structures become stiffer.     

高铁常用跨度简支梁桥上轨道周期性不平顺影响分析

通过对桥梁徐变上拱设计和相应规定、轨道不平顺检测方法、实测资料以及线路规范的对比和理论计算,进行高铁常用跨度预应力混凝土简支梁桥上轨道产生波长为32 m的轻微周期性不平顺现象研究。结果表明:线路、桥梁规范中线路高低Ⅰ级管理值、梁跨竖向残余变形的规定是一致的;轨面不平顺静、动态检测结果不可以用来直接对比;京沪高铁桥上轨道周期不平顺的桥跨长度占比随着时间发展逐渐增大,开通4年后占比持平至约66%,桥上轨道周期性不平顺峰值均值、标准差及变异系数分别约为2.28 mm,0.57 mm和0.25;开通5年后98.4%,99.9%和100%的桥上轨道周期性高低不平顺峰值分别小于5,6和7 mm;当连续多跨简支梁徐变值均大于3 mm时,线路TQI高低已超过规范管理限值,建议通过轨面设置反预拱度,避免由梁体徐变带来的大面积轨道精调作业。     

舰船RCS整形设计中的电磁分析

采用物理光学法导出了金属平板RCS与倾斜角的理论公式，讨论了在舰船RCS整形设计中如何采用该公式进行折衷设计和电磁分析。     

先简支后连续结构体系施工关键技术

采用虚拟层合有限单元法,对先简支后连续结构体系施工关键技术后连续端部浇注及后连续预应力筋张拉顺序、临时支座最佳拆除顺序及后连续端部浇注方式进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明:当连续跨数N≤5时,合理施工工序为"对称浇注、对称张拉",当N>6时,合理施工工序为"隔端浇注、隔端张拉";当连续跨数N≥5时,宜"隔端拆除"临时支座;施工中应优先采用单联浇注方案。