Innovative strategies for urban car-sharing systems and a simulator to assess their performance

In this paper, three innovative car-sharing systems for urban areas are proposed, based on fleets of individual intelligent vehicles with three service characteristics: instant access, open-ended reservations and one-way trips. These features provide high flexibility but create an uneven distribution of vehicles among stations. Therefore, relocation of vehicles must be performed. Three different system procedures are proposed: in the first system, relocations are performed by users; in the other two, vehicles relocate automatically, thanks to their automation. In the first two systems, vehicles are accessible only at stations, whereas in the third they are also accessible along roads. In order to provide transport managers with a tool to test systems in different realities, an object-oriented simulator is developed. The simulation provides outputs of system performance, in terms of user waiting times and system efficiency. The proposed systems are simulated for the city of Genoa, in Italy, and a comparative analysis is presented.     

A comparison of modelled and real-life driving profiles for the simulation of railway vehicle operation

A key factor in determining the performance of a railway system is the speed profile of the trains within the network. There can be significant variation in this speed profile for identical trains on identical routes, depending on how the train is driven. A better understanding and control of speed profiles can therefore offer significant potential for improvements in the performance of railway systems. This paper develops a model to allow the variability of real-life driving profiles of railway vehicles to be quantitatively described and predicted, in order to better account for the effects on the speed profile of the train and hence the performance of the railway network as a whole. The model is validated against data from the Tyne and Wear Metro, and replicates the measured data to a good degree of accuracy.     

公路隧道运营通风横通道周围流场特性研究

为研究公路隧道巷道式运营通风横通道周围的流场特性,以贵州凉风坳隧道为研究背景,利用流体力学研究软件Fluent建立隧道三维模型并进行了数值仿真计算。通过在隧道两边等风速条件下,对隧道内人行横通道以及车行横通道附近的流场特点研究,分析了运营通风横通道周围流场分布的具体特点。模拟结果表明:车行横通道与人行横通道两边流场分布基本相同;横通道内风速相对较小,约为隧道内风速的10%;不同风速下,横通道附近的速度分布和总压分布整体走势一致;两边流场相对稳定,不会进行风流和污染物的串流。     

铁路货车轴端发电机技术研究

在我国铁路货车重载提速的背景下,采用电空制动、智能电子监测及运行安全在线监测的需求日益突显.但是受我国铁路货车运用维护体制制约,既有车辆均未安装供电装置,致使电子设备无法应用.因此提出一种安装于车轴端部的轴端发电机技术解决方案,但由于车轴端部冲击振动大、发电机体积限定要求高、发电机轻量化要求高、外部环境恶劣、温升要求苛...     

上拔、水平联合荷载对桩基承载性能影响的现场试验及数值模拟

通常桩基受力作用分别确定上拔、水平2个方向的承载力,不考虑其相互影响,不能准确反映桩基的真实受力状况.为研究桩基上拔、水平荷载的耦合作用对桩基上拔、水平向承载性能的影响,开展了大型现场试验及数值模拟研究.研究结果表明:上拔、水平联合荷载对桩基承载性能的影响与上拔、水平向荷载的比例有较大关系,当该比例小于2时,联合荷载作...     

基于midas-GTS的盾构隧道施工上部电塔稳定性研究

为研究隧道建设过程对临近建筑物产生的影响.文中以琶洲支线隧道为例,运用三维数值分析软件midas-GTS建立足尺三维模型,分析公路隧道施工过程中电塔附近的地层变形和电塔塔基变形,得到施工过程中地层位移规律及电塔塔基的位移规律,进而分析在盾构施工中电塔的稳定性.结果表明,盾构施工对电塔的影响在规范要求内,引起的电塔塔基最...     

FSAE赛车前悬架运动学仿真及参数优化

运用Catia软件建立某FSAE赛车前悬架三维模型,并将Catia中的坐标转换成Adams软件中的坐标,建立Adams前悬架模型。针对该FSAE赛车前悬架进行双轮跳动运动学仿真,并对悬架传递比和前轮定位参数进行参数优化。     

进气系统的优化设计

FSAE赛车发动机进气系统结构参数影响充气效率。文章利用软件FLUENT对进气系统模型进行流场仿真,分析进气系统流场压力、速度等参数分布规律,研究进气歧管流量分布的均匀性,到达优化进气系统的目的。     

水下爆炸环境中舰船浮筏装置冲击响应研究

针对舰船所面临的水下爆炸冲击环境,研究了船用柴油发电机组的隔振浮筏系统对于水下爆炸冲击的响应特性.通过建立带有设备以及隔振系统的舰船结构连同周围水介质的有限元分析模型,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件模拟了水下爆炸冲击波在水中的传播及其对船体的流固耦合作用,研究了柴油发电机组、浮筏筏体以及设备基座在爆炸冲击下的动态响应.文中着重分析了不同爆炸冲击因子对船体与浮筏结构的冲击响应的影响,探讨了提高舰船设备抗冲击性能的途径.     

船载防避台智能决策支持技术研究

以船舶防避台实践经验、典型案例和领域科研成果为基础,用现代科技手段,研究船载防避台智能决策支持技术.它由电子海图、船舶动态管理、台风信息查询和台风路径自动标绘、船-台综合态势实时计算和模拟避台、避台智能决策等5个分支组成.综合运用相似理论、天气图方法、卫星云图分析法、台风数值预报等学科理论,构建船舶防台数据库、模型库、知识库,实现对船舶和台风路径全过程实时跟踪和监控、船-台态势分析、威胁等级判断、台风路径补充改正和航线天气预报、避台智能决策.