混凝土联锁块护底软体排抗掀稳定分析

针对规范中软体排抗掀稳定计算公式未考虑水深影响的问题,对水流作用下混凝土联锁块软体排受力进行研究。采用理论推导方法,得出了新的混凝土联锁块软体排抗掀稳定计算公式,结合数模分析确定新公式的相关参数取值。新公式中考虑了水深的影响,采用临界断面平均流速替代规范公式的软体排边缘临界流速,较规范公式更为准确。分别采用新公式和规范公式对黑沙洲水道航道整治二期工程护底软体排抗掀稳定进行计算。分析结果表明:新公式较规范公式更能反映软体排实际受力情况。工程实践证明新公式具有较好的可靠性,可供类似工程参考和借鉴。     

海鸥式钢箱拱桥设计关键技术

柳州广雅大桥主桥采用跨径63 m+2×210 m+63 m的海鸥式钢箱拱桥,结构体系采用刚架系杆拱桥,有别于常规拱桥,拱肋之间未设横撑并设置了副拱,凸显组合体系拱桥的特色及受力复杂性。从结构设计构造及关键技术等方面详细介绍了该桥的设计思路和特点。     

基于扁拱突变理论的路基下伏溶洞顶板稳定性分析

根据路基下伏溶洞受荷体系的力学特性,将结构体系简化为两端固定铰支的扁拱模型;基于突变理论推导得到扁拱的能量势函数和分叉集方程,从而建立了路基下伏溶洞顶板突变模型平衡曲面;根据溶洞顶板突变失稳的条件,提出了确定路基下伏溶洞顶板的极限承载力及最小安全厚度的方法;并对溶洞顶板厚度h、溶洞顶板跨径l、溶洞顶板失高f、岩层的弹性模量E、溶洞顶板上覆荷载q五个影响因素进行参数分析,可得如下结论:溶洞顶板的极限承载力随着溶洞顶板厚度的增加,溶洞顶板失高的增加、岩层弹性模量的增加而增加,随着溶洞顶板跨径、溶洞顶板上覆荷载的增加而减小.     

重力式锚碇抗滑移稳定性设计参数敏感性分析

以重力式锚碇设计方案为背景,对影响锚碇抗滑动稳定性的设计参数开展了敏感性分析,识别出其中对锚碇稳定性具有显著控制性的设计参数.此外,对作用于锚碇主缆缆力的主要影响参数进行了敏感性分析.分析结果可以为重力式锚碇的设计优化提供一些基础数据,并为挖掘锚碇设计空间提供技术支撑.     

城市高架道路的中日设计规范比较

在深入推进新型城镇化,中心城市和城市群正成为承载发展要素主要空间形态的背景下,解决城市交通拥堵问题更加具有时代紧迫性.城市高架桥具有便于形成网络化布局和与既有城市道路紧密融合的优点,但有一些有别于公路桥梁的特点.通过对中日两国在城市高架桥梁方面的设计规范进行比较,找出日本在建设城市高架桥梁方面所采用的一些方法.对提出根据设计速度决定桥梁最大纵坡、采用面分布车道荷载、根据作用种类采用不同抗倾覆安全系数、强化铺装层内排水提高耐久性等问题进行探讨.     

浅析水泥注浆在高边坡锚固工程中的作用

结合工程实例对高边坡锚固工程中的注浆进行了分析探讨，在总结注浆的有关规律的基础上，阐述了水泥浆液对高边坡稳定的作用机理，并提出注浆在高边坡锚固工程中的多种应用，可供类似工程参考。     

Loss of stability of a railway wheel-set,subcritical or supercritical

Most researches on railway vehicle stability analysis are focused on the codimension 1 (for short, codim 1) bifurcations like subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcation. The analysis of codim 1 bifurcation can be completed based on one bifurcation parameter. However, two bifurcation parameters should be considered to give a general view of the motion of the system when it undergoes a degenerate Hopf bifurcation. This kind of bifurcation named the generalised Hopf bifurcation belongs to the codimension 2 (for short, codim 2) bifurcations where two bifurcation parameters need to be taken into consideration. In this paper, we give a numerical analysis of the codim 2 bifurcations of a nonlinear railway wheel-set with the QR algorithm to calculate the eigenvalues of the linearised system incorporating the Golden Cut method and the shooting method to calculate the limit cycles around the Hopf bifurcation points. Here, we found the existence of a generalised Hopf bifurcation where a subcritical Hopf bifurcation turns into a supercritical one with the increase of the bifurcation parameters, which belong to the codim 2 bifurcations, in a nonlinear railway wheel-set model. Only the nonlinear wheel/rail interactive relationship has been taken into consideration in the lateral model that is formulated in this paper. The motion of the wheel-set has been investigated when the bifurcation parameters are perturbed in the neighbourhood of their critical parameters, and the influences of different parameters on critical values of the bifurcation parameters are also given. From the results, it can be seen that the bifurcation types of the wheel-set will change with a variation of the bifurcation parameters in the neighbourhood of their critical values.     

The effect of wheel set gyroscopic action on the hunting stability of high-speed trains

This study explores the effects of wheel set gyroscopic action on hunting stability by calculating linear and nonlinear critical speeds. First, a dynamic model for a high-speed vehicle with 23 degrees of freedom is developed by considering wheel set gyroscopic action. The linear and nonlinear critical speeds are calculated by eigenvalue analysis and drawing a bifurcation map, respectively. Two computer programs for linear and nonlinear stability analysis are developed. Second, based on an actual high-speed vehicle in China, the effects of wheel set gyroscopic action on hunting stability are quantitatively investigated using computer simulation. Furthermore, the difference between the effects of gyroscopic moments about the x-axis and z-axis is discussed. The results show that the moment about the x-axis is harmful to hunting stability, but the moment about the z-axis is beneficial to hunting stability. However, the integrated effect of these two moments can enhance the critical speeds and suppress the hunting motion.     

富水砂层干坞边坡支护及防渗体系设计

基于南昌红谷隧道工程干坞的邻江环境及深厚富水砂层地质条件,结合边坡支护的数值计算及干坞内抽排水模拟分析,选用现浇钢筋混凝土坡面防护+塑性混凝土防渗墙的支护防渗体系。经历了干坞内多次抽排水及汛期的考验,表明该支护防渗体系对环境的适应性强,防护效果可靠,防渗效果良好,造价低、施工便捷、维护工作量小,为管段预制工序提供了工期保证,也为整个工程如期完工提供了先决条件。     

仰拱步距和台阶长度对软岩大断面隧道稳定性影响分析

在软岩大断面隧道施工过程中,围岩稳定性控制难度很大。依托宝兰客专古城岭隧道的勘察设计资料、施工工艺和监测数据,建立符合工程实际的基本数值模型,分析软岩大断面隧道的变形特点,揭示仰拱步距和台阶长度对初期支护变形的影响规律。根据模拟试验结果指导古城岭隧道大变形区段施工,将初期支护累计变形减小了70%。