北京城市铁路轨道建设采用的新技术

本文简要地介绍了北京城市铁路地面线轨道建设采用一次铺设无缝线路及钢弹簧浮置板隔震道床两项新技术的必要性、可行性 ,并简要地介绍了这两项新技术的施工工艺及其实施效果 ,其取得的成功应用经验可供今后我国城市铁路轨道建设借鉴。     

Estimation of value of travel time reliability

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.     

On the fresh balance of the Adriatic Sea

The long-term mean fresh water balance of the Adriatic Sea is studied by ananalysing evaporation, precipitation and river runoff. Evaporation is computed from May latent heat flux and by means of bulk formula. In the latter case two wind speed data sets are used, namely those from the NMC and May. The sea surface temperature is taken from a historical Adriatic data set, and the air temperature and relative humidity come from the NMC data set. Two precipitation data sets are considered, namely the Legates and Willmott climatology and a data set consisting of data measured at 62 rain-gauge stations located on the Adriatic coasts. Runoff contribution to the fresh water balance is estimated from the long-term average flow rates of 39 rivers and the horizontal distribution of salinity in the upper mixed layer.The spatial distribution of the fresh water balance, as well as of its components, is analysed by means of monthly objective maps, from which averages and standard deviations are computed. The results obtained from the different computations are not always univocal, particularly in the evaluation of Summer evaporation, and are affected by relatively large statistical errors. Significant spatial and seasonal variability occurs, with a noticeable fresh water gain along the coastline of the northern and middle basins, while small areas of fresh water loss are found in the middle and southern basins. Nevertheless, on an annual basis, the difference between the fresh water losses by evaporation and the gains by precipitation and runoff is clearly negative, indicating that, unlike the whole Mediterranean, the Adriatic Sea is generally a dilution basin.     

高强力复合土工布在软基路堤中的应用

本文结合工程实例介绍采用高强力复合土工布处理软土地基路堤的设计、施工与应用效果     

路堤荷载下管桩复合地基设计理论的试验研究

介绍了管桩复合地基在某高速公路软基试验工程中的应用,并简单分析了其加固效果,进而结合已有的研究成果,提出了一套路堤下刚性桩复合地基的设计理论。通过工程实践表明,该设计理论具有在工程实践中推广运用的价值。     

反渗透技术在高硬度高含盐量地下水中的应用研究

针对某地高含盐量高硬度地下水的特点,选择BW30-4040复合膜,采用二级反渗透工艺系统对其进行处理,以期达到内燃机车冷却水标准.试验考察了操作压力对产水量、脱盐率、回收率的影响,并根据溶解—扩散理论模型对实验结果进行了分析.通过运行试验,分析研究了与膜性能密切相关的主要参数的变化,并对膜的结垢倾向进行了分析.该系统的成功运行对广大西北铁路地区内燃机车冷却水的处理具有一定的借鉴作用.     

PAL系列油漆絮凝剂在水性漆废漆处理中的应用

水性漆在废漆处理过程中存在漆渣分散、含水量高、回收率低、水体泡沫大等弊病。因此,在药剂本身及现场管理方面,对水性漆废漆处理的要求比溶剂型的高。针对水性漆上述缺陷,开发了PAL系列水性漆油漆絮凝剂。主要介绍了PAL油漆絮凝剂的分类、作用机理、使用和管理方法等内容。     

考虑辅路缓冲的快速路紧急疏散最优控制

针对紧急疏散中单向需求激增的情况,提出利用地面辅路缓冲容纳部分疏散车流,从而降低快速路疏散的整体时空风险.基于宏观交通流模型建立了快速路疏散车流演化方程,明确了上匝道车速对主线车速的影响,从而实现经典宏观交通流模型对路网状态演变处理的一致性.针对由下匝道、地面并行道路和上匝道构成的地面辅路行程时间的二分特征,建立了相应的离散时间的流量演化方程.辅路系统方程不仅可以刻画地面辅路疏散车流的主要特征,而且能与已有快速路的状态演化系统实现无缝结合.数值分析表明,利用匝道控制和辅路分流两种手段可以实现系统整体时空疏散风险的最小化控制.     

强夯加固法处理公路软基的应用

介绍了强夯加固法的加固机理、设计方法、施工方法及检验方法。