给水排水工程中钢筋混凝土结构裂缝宽度计算模式的探讨

该文从钢筋混凝土裂缝宽度计算基本理论人手,通过对《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010-2002)和《给排水工程结构设计规范》(GB 50069-2002)中混凝土结构裂缝宽度计算方法的比较,阐述了上述规范在进行裂缝宽度计算时的异同之处,并结合工程算例,对计算结果进行分析比较,来探讨给水排水工程中钢筋混凝土结构裂缝宽度计算模式。     

Experimental investigation of characteristics of pressure modulation in a fuel injection system

A piezoelectric atomization device achieves fuel pressure modulation through vibration of a piezoelectric pressure modulator. As a consequence, the fast alternating and slow moving streams collide with each other and further break up the fuel drop. In this paper, an experimental investigation was carried out to study the fluid dynamic characteristics of the spray atomization process of automotive port fuel injectors with a piezoelectric pressure modulator. The investigation mainly focuses on: (a) the coupling characteristics between the piezoelectric stack and the hydraulic as well as the transfer characteristics of pressure modulation from the piezoelectric modulator to the point above the orifice; (b) the time history of the pressure dynamic response at the point above the orifice under a typical modulation frequency, which reflects the variation of pressure modulation while the fuel injector is working; and (c) the time-variation characteristics related to mechanical structure and fluid dynamics. The experimental results expose some important dynamic characteristics of pressure modulation, which will be very significant and lead us to greatly improve the fuel injection system, optimize the control parameters and implement spray atomization with a high quality performance in the near future.     

Predictive control of a vehicle trajectory using a coupled vector with vehicle velocity and sideslip angle

In this paper, a predictive algorithm for vehicle trajectory control using the vehicle velocity and sideslip angle is proposed. Since the driving state of a vehicle generates nonholonomic constraint equations, it is difficult to control the trajectory with a conventional control algorithm. Furthermore, control vectors such as vehicle velocity and sideslip angle are coupled together; hence, a separate control for each variable is not suitable. In this study, a coupled control vector that combines the velocity and sideslip angle is proposed for the predictive control of vehicle trajectory. Since the coupled control vector is derived from the status of the vehicle’s motion, it is easy to generate a feedback control vector for the predictive controller. The coupled vector cannot be directly used as input to the vehicle systems; therefore, the vehicle input vector should be calculated from the control vector using a nonlinear function. Since nonlinear functions are not inserted in the control loop, they are calculated by the controller. Therefore, this method does not require a linearization process in the control logic, which enhances the stability and accuracy of the predictive controller.     

一座洞室群立体交叉的明暗挖结合地铁车站的设计

以广州地铁5号线小北站为例,对线路两端或中间不具备明挖条件的地铁车站的修建,提出了“分离暗挖站厅隧道”的概念。通过将站厅隧道与站台隧道空间十字交叉布置,并竖向和斜向联通,构成了立体交叉洞室群结构,较好地实现了车站功能;阐述这种明暗挖结合车站的设计概念,介绍该站建筑、结构的施工设计,并对其复杂的结构设计难点进行了论述。最后,对类似环境下的车站设计提出了几点建议。     

基于支持向量机的船舶柴油机故障诊断

介绍了支持向量机(SVM)的机理,应用SVM对船舶电站主柴油机进行故障诊断,研究了SVM参数的选择方法,仿真结果表明,SVM具有较好的诊断效果和较强的抗噪声能力;对复合故障样本诊断准确度较RBF神经网络高.     

地效翼船自控参数的优化研究

介绍了基于地效翼船空间运动方程的自控参数优化方法.首先建立了带有自控参数的地效翼船空间运动方程;再以MATLAB为工作平台,利用其非线性多目标函数fmincon(),建立优化系统的数学模型;最后采用MATLAB/GUIDE编制了自控参数优化程序,对地效翼船自控参数进行了优化计算.结果表明:通过地效翼船自控参数的优化计算,可以达到规定的运动性能指标,不必单纯依靠气动设计来解决地效翼船的运动稳定性和操纵性问题.     

永磁同步电机矢量控制系统中主要信号的检测方法

本文简述了永磁同步电机矢量控制原理,介绍了矢量控制系统中主要信号的检测方法,在试验系统中使用证明能够满足实际使用要求。     

斜风作用下风-车-桥非线性分析系统建立

为了从风作用方向的三维模拟和系统非线性2个角度实现风-车-桥系统的全三维高真实度模拟,首先建立斜风荷载处理方法,采用平均风分解理论对桥梁斜风进行分解,形成桥梁斜风荷载,把桥梁风作用方向模拟域由垂直于桥梁纵轴线的二维平面扩展到三维空间;采用矢量合成法则和线性插值方法,依据车辆位置函数确定桥上车辆任意位置和时刻的合成风速,并基于风洞试验获取车辆气动力系数,形成车辆斜风荷载。然后基于已建立的非线性分析系统,融合斜风荷载处理方法,构建斜风作用下的风-车-桥全三维非线性分析系统,并实现动态可视化。最后采用建立的分析系统,对系列风偏角工况下的桥梁空间动力响应和车辆安全进行分析和评价。结果表明：斜风作用下,桥上车辆事故指标值及桥梁位移响应随着风偏角增大总体上均呈现先减小后增大趋势,且极值均出现在非90°的锐角区;基于风向垂直于桥跨方向的假定所进行的桥梁设计和车辆安全性评价结果偏于不安全。     

北京地铁金融街站与既有换乘站、规划车站换乘方案研究

随着我国大中型城市轨道交通迅猛发展,线网日益密集,新建地铁车站与既有线换乘站和规划线车站同时换乘的建设工程逐渐增多,轨道交通与其他城市功能空间整合的需求也大幅增加,解决车站换乘和城市空间综合利用是设计重难点。以北京地铁金融街站为例,在借鉴既有地铁换乘站案例经验和教训的基础上,通过现场踏查调研和静态计算的方法进行初步分析,引入客流动态仿真模拟评价既定车站方案。提出新建车站与既有线车站近远期2种换乘方案、远期对既有线换乘站改造方案、统筹考虑轨道交通与城市空间一体化设计。     

基于Logit模型的居住区共享泊位选择行为分析

为定量描述停车者对居住区共享泊位的选择行为影响因素,将停车者的个人属性与出行属性作为效用变量,将居住区共享泊位停车和路内就近停车作为选择肢,建立二项Logit模型。分析表明：个人月收入、停车时长、额外步行距离、费率差等为影响停车者选择居住区共享泊位停车的显著影响因素,其中额外步行距离和费率差对共享泊位选择概率的影响程度更大,较低层次的个人月收入变化对共享泊位选择概率的影响更大。