复合地基及组合基床在港珠澳大桥沉管隧道中的应用

针对港珠澳大桥岛隧工程在外海、深水、厚软基地质条件下沉管隧道基础沉降及差异沉降控制技术问题,对传统桩基与复合地基方案进行对比,提出港珠澳沉管隧道采用PHC刚性桩、高喷柔性桩、挤密砂桩散体桩复合地基逐步过渡到天然地基的地基及抛石+碎石垄的组合基床方案。复合地基沉降计算分析及观测数据证明提出的新型复合地基及组合基床方案控制沉降及差异沉降的效果显著。提出沉管隧道基础沉降主要组成及复合地基建议的沉降计算方法,可为类似工程提供参考。     

Planktonic community structure and carbon cycling in the Arabian Sea as a result of monsoonal forcing: the application of a generic model

The Arabian Sea exhibits a complex pattern of biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, which vary both seasonally and spatially. These dynamics have been studied using a one-dimensional vertical hydrodynamic model coupled to a complex ecosystem model, simulating the annual cycle at three contrasting stations. These stations are characterised by seasonally upwelling, mixed-layer-deepening and a-seasonal oligotrophic conditions, respectively, and coincide with extensively measured stations on the two JGOFS ARABESQUE cruises in 1994. The model reproduces many spatial and temporal trends in production, biomass, physical and chemical properties, both qualitatively and quantitatively and so gives insight into the main mechanisms responsible for the biogeochemical and ecological complexity. Monsoonal systems are typified by classical food web dynamics, whilst intermonsoonal and oligotrophic systems are dominated by the microbial loop. The ecosystem model (ERSEM), developed for temperate regions, is found to be applicable to the Arabian Sea system with little reparameterisation. Differences in in-situ physical forcing are sufficient to recreate contrasting eutrophic and oligotrophic systems, although the lack of lateral terms are probably the greatest source of error in the model. Physics, nutrients, light and grazing are all shown to play a role in controlling production and community structure. Small-celled phytoplanktons are predicted to be dominant and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima are robust centers of production during intermonsoon periods. Analysis of carbon fluxes indicate that physically driven outgassing of CO₂ predominates in monsoonal upwelling systems but ecological activity may significantly moderate CO₂ outgassing in the Arabian Sea interior.     

南京长江第三大桥钢塔柱设计与加工

南京长江三桥钢混结合区置于索塔下横梁顶面。为避免涡激振动和驰振,通过10种切角方案和3种切角形式断面不同攻角情况下风洞试验对塔柱进行选型,并在塔端设置一组制振设备,以控制索塔架设过程中的振动。节段连接采用高强度螺栓。使用ANSYS程序进行结构有限元分析,对最不利的施工状态进行检算。在工厂制造板块和锚箱,在工地组焊钢塔柱节段,在桥位进行钢塔柱节段安装。通过焊接评定试验,确定焊接工艺和焊接顺序,采用大型数显端面加工落地铣镗床和精密测量设备,确保加工精度。     

高速公路上跨桥整体顶升技术

该文通过工程实例介绍了整体顶升技术在某高速公路上跨桥桥梁净空改造中的应用。采用整体顶升技术对既有桥梁的净空不足问题进行改造,与拆除重建桥梁相比,可以节约工程造价、社会效应影响较小、工期较短、环境污染小。     

浅埋大跨小净距桃花峪黄土隧道系统锚杆作用效果研究

为了更好地研究系统锚杆在浅埋大跨小净距黄土隧道中的支护效果,以武西高速公路桃花峪隧道施工为依托,进行有无锚杆现场对比试验,结果表明:从初期支护左右侧拱顶沉降的对比来看,有锚杆段沉降略小于无锚杆段,水平收敛相差不大,锚杆对改善隧道围岩和初期支护受力作用相对较小,有锚杆试验段围岩-初期支护接触压力量值相对较小,相比于无锚杆段的土体压力略微均匀。综上所述,建议取消锚杆,对于薄弱环节可保留先行洞边墙小净距侧的锚杆施作。     

引气剂对硬化混凝土力学性能与气泡特征参数的影响

对比研究了烷基苯磺酸盐类与皂甙类引气剂对混凝土力学性能和硬化后含气量、气泡间距系数、孔径分布、气泡平均直径等气泡特征参数的影响。结果表明:当新拌混凝土含气量小于6.5%时,随着含气量的增大,混凝土的抗折强度基本不受影响,抗压强度显著降低,混凝土的折压比提高,脆性显著降低,韧性大幅提高;与新拌混凝土的含气量相比,硬化后混凝土的含气量大幅降低;随着混凝土含气量的逐渐增加,硬化后混凝土的气泡间距系数减小,气泡平均直径降低,气泡总数提高。另外,烷基苯磺酸盐类引气剂比皂甙类引气剂的稳泡性能更好,可使硬化后的混凝土气泡结构更优。     

高架桥弯梁抗扭稳定性分析

依据淮河入海水道高架桥工程, 采用空间有限元数值方法, 构建了全桥的空间仿真模型, 分析了多跨独柱墩弯梁桥的抗扭稳定性。考虑了引起弯梁抗扭稳定性的主要影响因素, 如弯梁恒载、温度效应、车辆的偏心行驶等, 并分析了这些因素组合时对弯梁的影响。结果表明, 弯梁桥的抗扭稳定性主要表现在弯梁的扭转变形和支座的支反力上, 特别是要设计合理的支承方式, 避免支座出现脱空现象。     

小净距隧道洞周变形特征数值分析

采用二维弹塑性数值计算方法,对小净距隧道拱顶位移、水平收敛进行数值模拟计算,研究围岩级别、净距、开挖方法对隧道变形的影响,揭示小净距隧道洞周变形特征。研究结论可为小净距隧道的设计、施工提供一定的指导。     

时速350 km中国标准动车组车载天线的隔离度及最小排布间距

基于中国标准动车组车载终端设备的部署现状和未来规划,调研其采用的通信系统类型、车载天线的工作频率和安装数量;以900MHz频段GSM-R系统、450MHz频段和2 100MHz频段LTE-R系统为例,对车载终端的杂散干扰进行理论分析,基于自由空间损耗理论模型计算、电磁软件仿真模拟和试验平台实测的结果,研究车载天线的隔离...     

预应力门架式盖梁设计浅析

以宁波市机场路快速干道与杭甬高速互通立交的A线匝道桥A9#墩-A11#墩三个墩位预应力盖梁为例,阐述预应力门架式盖梁的设计过程及计算模型,以及盖梁钢束张拉与上梁的相互穿插顺序、盖梁预应力张拉对墩柱产生的影响。