Career development for women in maritime industry: organisation and socialisation perspectives

For centuries, the maritime industry has been a recognised place in society dominated solely by men, and even though there were women involved, they were mostly on the periphery. This research aims to fill the gap of women’s career development in this field, by investigating the relationships among the degree of organisational socialisation, women’s workplace culture, and the career development of women in the maritime workplace. The analyses are conducted with the structural equation model with 202 valid questionnaires. The results indicated that women’s workplace culture has a significantly negative relationship with the degree of organisational socialisation, and then in turn, it has a significantly positive relationship with women’s career development in the maritime industry. Finally, the results also indicate that the mediating effect of organisational socialisation existed between women’s workplace culture and women’s career development. According to the empirical analysis, this study makes conclusions as well as suggestions for the maritime enterprises as the reference for human resource management.     

The vulnerability of the environment to spills of dangerous substances on highways: A diagnosis based on multi criteria modeling

Highways and freeways are the main infrastructure channel used to transport cargo in Brazil. This cargo often includes dangerous chemical products which can, in the event of an accident, negatively impact the environment. The development and implementation of tools for the rapid diagnosis of environmental vulnerability in the transportation of dangerous goods has been studied. However, for highways and freeways there is a lack of studies based on environmental attributes, and not just based on statistical data which demands a specific period for collection and analysis and only after that the implementation of preventive measures. Thus, evaluation grounded on multiple criteria embedded in Geographic Information System (GIS) has significant potential for the practical implementation of risk management of road transportation of dangerous goods. This study has determined the environmental vulnerability of route BR 050, specifically the segment between the cities of Uberlândia and Uberaba in the state of Minas Gerais, where multi criteria analysis has been efficient in determining the most vulnerable areas. The main attributes analyzed were the drainage density, soil type and geology, determining that in case of an accident with dangerous substances the regional environment would be immediately affected, and so endorsing the use of this tool in many segments involved in environmental management of highway enterprises.     

“s”型覆岩空间结构的冲击地压危险区预测

基于微地震监测和覆岩空间结构理论，以山东华丰矿1410工作面为例，分析了“s”型覆岩空间结构的形成，利用理论方法和微地震监测预测并圈定了华丰矿1410工作面发生冲击地压的危险区域，研究了“s”型覆岩空间结构的冲击地压危险区分布规律，为现场预测和控制冲击地压灾害提供了理论基础。     

掺混甲烷对乙烯层流预混火焰炭烟形貌的影响

针对掺混甲烷的乙烯层流火焰中的炭烟颗粒从形貌角度进行了研究,构建了具有相同当量比(2.07)、火焰温度、气体流速的层流预混乙烯火焰和掺混甲烷的乙烯火焰,并各自选取了3个高度进行热泳探针取样,采用TEM和AFM方法对各个工况的炭烟颗粒粒径分布、平均粒径、平均体积当量球径进行了对比。发现少量的甲烷掺混会令乙烯火焰中炭烟颗粒的尺寸变大,而当甲烷掺混量变多时该现象消失。而通过对颗粒的圆度、球度和分形维数计算和分析,发现即使是很小的颗粒也具有相似的不规则形状,这一现象广泛存在于各种火焰和各种大小的颗粒中,不受掺混比的影响,并且越大的颗粒结构越松散。     

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国家体育场作为北京奥运会的主会场成功地承担了开闭幕式和田径赛事任务。本文研究了其停车场车辆的交通疏散问题,制定了疏散方案。首先,分析了国家体育场停车场和泊位布局及车辆疏散的具体条件。其次,通过给定环境的场景和参数设定,对具体的奥运场馆停车场车辆的疏散方案进行了仿真和评价。最后,利用奥运会开幕式的车辆疏散实测数据进行了对比分析,在仿真中要员和贵宾车辆的总疏散时间为26min,而奥运会开幕式车辆疏散实测结果表明,全部要员、贵宾疏散完毕,共用时27min,从而验证了车辆疏散方案的准确性和实用性。     

采用变化基本体的授课方法以提高教学效果

在《机械（工程）制图》教学中,学生对基本体的变化及其在实际中的应用难以理解,文中介绍提高基本体教学效果的方法。     

超大城市公交都市建设路径探索与反思——以广州市为例

当前中国一系列城市正处于向超大城市转变的关键时期,建设公交都市已经成为摆脱超大城市交通拥堵的必经之路。采用实证分析方法剖析广州市百年来公共交通的发展历程,回顾梳理不同发展阶段的特征,同时解构公交都市的内涵,总结广州市公交都市建设的成功经验。通过对比国内外先进案例,指出广州市公交都市建设在公交运力、公交路权、车站覆盖和车站衔接上存在不足。以广州市公交都市建设经验为基础,从公交都市的规划、设计、运营、管理四个方面出发,建议将多元化、协调化、人性化、灵活化作为超大城市公交都市建设的未来发展方向。     

城市交通状态的空间依赖性和异质性分析

有关城市交通状态空间特征的研究相对匮乏。从空间角度分析城市宏观交通特征,首先,针对城市路网几何形态和交通数据的关系提出适合于城市交通数据分析的空间模型。然后,以从长期的浮动车数据中提取的路段行程速度作为描述交通状态的实验数据,分别采用空间自相关和核密度估计法定量分析路网行程速度的空间依赖性和空间异质性,并分析其在典型时段的空间分布特征。结果显示:城市交通状态的关联性在空间上随着路段间距的增长而衰减;城市交通状态的空间分布特征随时间变化,受路网结构和区域功能的影响在空间中呈现集聚特征。     

船闸闸室明沟形式及消能效果分析

船闸侧墙廊道闸室明沟消能工布置及消能效果的优劣,直接影响闸室内船舶所受系缆力大小及停泊安全。利用局部模型,在恒定流情况下,对侧墙廊道闸室内布置单明沟机加槛、双明沟及三明沟消能工充水过程进行试验研究;分析和比较各明沟形式的剩余比能、动能及流场分布,综合评判各形式明沟消能工的消能特性,并在整体模型上进行了试验验证。研究结果表明:三种明沟形式比较,三明沟布置消能效果最优。双明沟消能形式较单明沟消能水体增大较多,消能工布置灵活,消能空间大,水流分布亦较单明沟更为均匀,在减小闸室内横向水流对船舶作用力方面较单明沟形式优越。因此,综合比较,双明沟消能效果较单明沟要好。     

船用桨后固定组合叶轮节能效果研究

船用桨后固定组合叶轮是一种新型螺旋桨节能装置。为了解其节能机理并验证节能效果,基于计算流体力学(CFD)方法对该问题进行研究。首先选用B4-65螺旋桨进行敞水数值模拟,验证计算模型和方法的正确性;然后重点对螺旋桨在加装桨后固定组合叶轮后的水动力性能进行模拟。结果表明:桨后固定组合叶轮能够较好地削弱螺旋桨后方的梢涡与毂涡,回收尾流能量。而且该节能装置能与螺旋桨产生有利干扰,增加桨叶上的推力。在低进速区(J0.4)时,该节能装置能达到2%以上的节能效果。