某车型侧围D柱下角板冲压成型问题浅析

采用AUTOFORM软件对某车型侧围D柱下角板数模进行成型性有限元分析,预测出3处起皱或开裂风险。为解决D柱下角板成型问题,通过对D柱下角板成型工艺特点进行分析,并结合理论知识对造成D柱下角板成型不良的原因进行了详细研究;根据分析结果,通过优化产品结构,改善工艺结构,优化料片,使D柱下角板在成型过程中材料流动得到改善,提高产品的工艺性;通过CAE模拟再次进行分析验证,D柱下角板的起皱变量和减薄率均得到明显改善,通过现场调试优化,使D柱3种成型问题得到了解决。     

汽车护板注塑模具三维设计及制造

本文分析汽车护板注塑模具的设计和制造,详细介绍了以UG注塑模为基础的三维设计方法,并通过数控加工对注塑模具的三维制造过程进行了阐述。设计和制造三维注塑模,可以有效地改进模具的设计和生产效率,缩短模具研制时间,在一定程度上帮助了技术人员。     

日本铸铁闸瓦的技术动向

在铁道车辆的踏面制动方式中,铸铁闸瓦仍在广泛应用。本文介绍了日本铸铁闸瓦的开发经历与技术动向,阐述了在设计铸铁闸瓦补强板、减少铸铁闸瓦热裂纹方面取得的成果。     

基于彩色图像车牌分割研究

智能运输系统中车牌识别技术得到了广泛应用,车牌分割是车牌识别的重要部分。基于彩色图像车牌分割与采用灰度图像车牌分割相比,可以有效消除阴影影响,同时车牌颜色也是车牌识别的一个参数。颜色分类处理使用特征函数,可以减少颜色坐标转换运算,提高颜色分类速度。文中详细讨论中国车牌特征,给出车牌分割详细步骤。车牌区域判别采用信息融合技术。车牌倾斜矫正结合车牌倾斜特点,提出快速算法。     

京沪高速铁路济南黄河大桥主桥设计

京沪高速铁路济南黄河大桥的主桥桥式方案选择时充分考虑了水文及高速行车对结构的要求,采用刚性梁柔性拱方案。重点介绍了新型带K撑的主桁结构及正交异性整体式桥面在该桥的应用。     

燃料电池发动机用金属流场板电堆性能的试验研究

对某型金属流场板燃料电池电堆进行了性能试验,对其特性曲线和单电池一致性进行了分析。结果表明,该电堆最大功率27.5 kW,对应电压78 V,单电池一致性随着电流负载的增大而下降。对比该电堆与某石墨流场板燃料电池电堆表明,在相同电流密度下前者单电池电压低于后者,但单电池一致性比后者好。     

装配式波纹钢板综合管廊连接节点抗震性能分析

为探究波纹钢板综合管廊在低周循环往复荷载作用下的滞回性能，以某波纹钢板综合管廊实际工程为依托，采用数值模拟与试验相结合的方法，研究管廊在横向、纵向、竖向共6种荷载工况下的抗震性能，以及法兰连接、法兰厚度、管廊壁厚（波纹钢板厚度）、螺栓位置等参数对结构滞回性能的影响。研究结果表明： 1）在低周循环往复荷载作用下，波纹钢板综合管廊塑性变形能力强，抗震性能良好；但管片拼装节点处是其薄弱位置，易发生脱开现象。 2）法兰对结构力学性能及滞回性能的影响显著，但法兰厚度改变对其影响较小。 3）环向法兰上螺栓的位置对结构纵向滞回性能影响较大，对其他方向滞回性能则几乎无影响。 4）波纹钢板厚度是影响结构抗震性能的关键因素。     

Stress magnification effect of initial deformation on the notch stress field and fatigue strength of thin plate welded joints

Compared with thick plate welded joint, the welding joint of thin plate will produce initial deformation due to its low bending rigidity. The existence of initial deformation will cause the welded structure to produce secondary bending effect, which will produce greater stress magnification effect at the weld toe and seriously affect the fatigue strength of thin plate welded joints. Therefore, based on the correction formula of thick plate, considering the influence of initial deformation and geometric nonlinearity of thin plate, this paper deduces the stress magnification factor formula at the weld toe of T-shaped and cruciform specimens. The accuracy of the revised formula is further verified by comparing the notch stress calculated by the modified formula with the FE results. Finally, the modified formula is applied to the notch stress and fatigue evaluation of typical thin plate welded joints respectively. The results show that the proposed notch stress calculation formula can fully consider the stress amplification effect of thin plate structure, and can be used to quickly evaluate the notch stress field and fatigue strength of thin plate welded joints.     

浮置板轨道结构对地铁车辆轨道耦合系统动力性能影响分析

以北京地铁6号线车辆为样本,研究了浮置板轨道对于车辆轨道耦合动力学模型的影响。建模时将浮置板轨道考虑成柔性体,用有限元实体单元建模,并利用模态叠加法进行求解。仿真后得出如下结论:与轨道不平顺引起的冲击相比,采用浮置板轨道后所产生的枕跨冲击、过渡冲击、轨道板冲击并不明显。车辆在浮置板轨道上行驶时,其竖向悬挂系统能够较好地降低轮轨的冲击力;轨道垫板刚度的主要影响是频率在60~150 Hz范围内的振动,对低频振动影响较小。随着轨道垫板刚度的变大,轮轨垂向力和轮重减载率逐渐变大,但其对轮轴横向力和脱轨系数影响很小,对车体振动几乎没有影响。轨道垫板刚度的主要影响是频率在10 Hz左右的轨道板的振动,对浮置板钢弹簧支承力的影响较小,即对路基的减振效果影响较小。     

Uncertainty due to discretization on the ALE algorithm for predicting water slamming loads

Numerical uncertainty due to discretization on the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) Finite Element method is investigated in the study. The paper quantifies uncertainty using two ITTC recommended methods, and also applies a constant Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) number based discretization approach, instead of performing the independent grid and time-based discretization recommended by ITTC. As a case study, water entry of a flat bottom rigid and flexible plate is simulated considering various entry velocities. The total slamming loads and structural responses on both the rigid and elastic bottom plates are predicted and validated against available experimental data. Results indicate that numerical errors due to discretization differ in the various parameters and from case to case. They do affect the analysis of slamming loads and associated structural responses, and the hydroelasticity analysis as well. The hydroelasticity effects on the slamming force generally increase as the entry velocity increases, however, the quantitative results differ much for models with different grids. For example, when the hydroelasticity effect is estimated using the finer model, the deviation of the total slamming force on the elastic plate relative to the one on the rigid body are 56%, 57%, and 63% respectively for the three constant entry velocities, whereas the estimations are −27%, −4% and 3% with the coarser model. The study concludes that the uncertainty due to discretization in ALE is not just case-specific, but also parameter specific. The uncertainty quantification procedures with a constant CFL number based refinement are recommended to investigate the uncertainty comparing to the individual grid and time step study, in particular for the ALE solution where the time step is adjusted automatically as the grid changes. Thus, consideration should be given to updating the ITTC guidelines to incorporate the constant CFL based discretization approach.