一种结构垂向冲击载荷测量方法分析研究

某些作用在舰船结构上的瞬态动载荷,由于受到客观条件限制（比如空间狭小）,不方便直接通过压力传感器获得其大小,而该载荷对于船体结构设计又关系重大,如何取得外载荷曲线便成了十分关键的问题。针对实船某承受特殊冲击载荷的基座结构,通过测量其结构动应变,利用材料应变-应力关系曲线得出了冲击载荷的时间历程曲线,最后用有限元法对该冲击载荷测量曲线进行验证。结果表明,当结构应变率小于3mm/mm/s时,可采用静态材料应变-应力关系曲线对结构冲击载荷进行测量计算,从而为此类结构外载荷测量方法提供参考。     

确定性联合补充库存问题的EXCEL规划求解法

提出求解确定性联合补充库存问题的新方法——EXCEL规划求解法：通过数学运算将非线性混合整数规划模型转化为整数线性规划模型,然后在EXCEL中通过“规划求解”工具求最优解．通过算例验证,结果表明该方法不但能有效解决此类问题,而且更简单、更直观、更实用．     

尖瘦船首锚泊设计体会

文章以具有尖瘦船首的高速双体船为例,总结了在锚泊设计中存在的一些问题,对原因进行了分析,并提出了一些好的解决方法,以供本专业技术人员在相关设计时作参考。     

论消防船的设计

国家经济快速发展,大量的消防船需要设计建造,本文就消防船设计中采用规范、消防船设计特点、消防能力的确定、船型及型线设计、尺度选择、消防设备配套选择、消防船总体及主要设备布置等方面进行简要论述。     

空气净化器风道的计算机仿真

在进行空气净化器风道结构的设计中,风道的结构形式对风量起着重要的影响。本文利用ICEPAK计算机仿真软件在设计阶段对空气净化器的风道进行模拟仿真,建立了风道的仿真模型及建模过程,仿真出风道进口处与出口处的空气流速的变化值,进一步研究离心风机的风量与滤层阻力、流量、流速的影响关系。通过实验比较,在不同滤器种类的情况下,验证了风阻对风量的影响大小,证明了空气净化器风道计算机仿真的正确性。     

浅谈公路隧道新奥法施工的技术特点及隧道结构常见的质量问题

主要介绍了隧道新奥法施工的技术特点、隧道结构常见的质量问题及正确的施工方法,从而达到隧道工程质量可靠,施工安全的目的。     

水下爆炸作用下箱形梁模型响应试验研究

对模拟水面舰船结构的箱形梁模型在水下爆炸作用下的响应进行试验,借助高速摄像机观测气泡脉动过程和结构响应过程,发现箱形梁结构在水下爆炸作用下的响应可以分为三个阶段.不同的爆点位置,气泡脉动能够激起不同振动形式的鞭状响应运动.     

Numerical simulations of fatigue crack initiation and propagation based on re-tensile plastic zone generating load criterion for in-plane gusset welded joints

Many accidents are caused by fatigue in welded built-up steel structures, and so it is important to estimate the fatigue lives of such structures quantitatively for safety reasons. By assuming that fatigue cracks cannot grow without an accumulation of alternating tensile/compressional plastic strain, one of the authors identified an improved effective stress intensity factor range ΔK _RPG based on the re-tensile plastic zone generating (RPG) load, which represents the driving force for fatigue cracks, and suggested that ΔK _RPG should be used as the parameter to describe fatigue crack growth behavior. The “FLARP” numerical simulation code in which ΔK _RPG is implemented as the fatigue crack growth parameter, was developed in order to predict fatigue crack initiation and propagation behavior. In this paper, it is demonstrated that FLARP gives accurate estimates for fatigue life by comparing the estimated fatigue crack growth curves and S–N curves with the experimental results for in-plane gusset welded joints, which are used in many welded steel structures. Moreover, the effect of induced bending moment due to the linear misalignment in the out of plane direction on the fatigue strength of in-plane gusset welded joints is investigated through numerical simulations.     

Workspace analysis to generate a collision-free torch path for a ship welding robot

We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics. Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the robots, by changing the objective function.     

运输船舶在波浪中失速的近似估算

如何准确、快速、简便地估算船舶在波浪中的失速,已成为船舶研究、设计人员及航运界有关人员共同关心的一个重要课题。文中给出了近似估算运输船舶在波浪中失速的2个方法。对处于初步设计阶段且尚未做过静水快速性能模型试验的运输船舶,可直接应用第2个方法。该方法提出的近似估算公式应用方便,也不用编程便可直接人工计算,且与模型试验结果相当吻合。